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Njengoba kwaziwa, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokubhekana namatafula e-Excel: isihlobo naso sonke. Esikhathini sokuqala, isixhumanisi sishintsha ekuqondeni ukukopisha inani eliguqukayo lokushintshwa, futhi okwesibili, lilungisiwe futhi lihlala lingashintshi ngesikhathi sokukopisha. Kodwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, wonke amakheli e-Excel aphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kaningi kunesidingo sokusebenzisa ngokuphelele (okuhleliwe) ukukhuluma. Ake sithole ukuthi lokhu kungenziwa kanjani.

Sebenzisa ukukhuluma okuphelele

Singadinga ukubhekana ngokugcwele, isibonelo, esimweni lapho sikopisha ifomula, enye ingxenye yayo equkethe ukuguquguquka okuboniswe ochungechungeni lwezinombolo, kanti lesibili sinenani elihlala njalo. Okungukuthi, le nombolo idlala indima ye-coefficient eqhubekayo, okudingeka uyenze ukusebenza okuthile (ukubuyabuyelela, ukwahlukana, njll) kulo lonke uchungechunge lwezinombolo eziguquguqukayo.

Ku-Excel, kunezindlela ezimbili zokusetha ikheli elihleliwe: ngokwenza ukubhekisela okuphelele nokusebenzisa umsebenzi we-DFSS. Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi zindlela ngokuningiliziwe.

Indlela 1: ukubhekisela okuphelele

Yiqiniso, indlela edume kakhulu futhi evame ukusetshenziswa ukudala ukubhekana ngokugcwele ukusebenzisa izixhumanisi eziphelele. Izixhumanisi ezingafani azifani kuphela ukusebenza, kodwa futhi zenziwe ngezici. Ikheli elihlobene linalo i-syntax elandelayo:

= A1

Ukuze uthole ikheli elihleliwe, isibonakaliso se-dollar sibekwe phambi kwenani lokuhlanganiswa:

= $ A $ 1

Isibonakaliso se-dollar singangena ngesandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, setha isikhombisi ngaphambi kwenani lokuqala lezixhumanisi zekheli (ngokuqondile) esesitokisini noma kwibha yefomula. Okulandelayo, kusakhiwo sekhibhodi lesiNgisi, chofoza ukhiye "4" inqwaba (enekhi eyacindezelwe Shift). Kukhona lapho uphawu lwama dollar lukhona. Khona-ke udinga ukwenza inqubo efanayo nezixhumanisi ngokuqondile.

Kunendlela esheshayo. Udinga ukufaka isikhombisi esitokisini lapho ikheli likhona khona, bese uchofoza ukhiye womsebenzi we-F4. Ngemuva kwalokho, isibonakaliso se-dollar sizovela ngesikhathi esifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa phambi kwezixhumanisi eziqondile nezamabala zekheli.

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi ukubhekana kanjani ngokuphelele kusetshenziswe ekusebenzeni ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okuphelele.

Thatha itafula lapho inkokhelo yabasebenzi ibalwa khona. Ukubalwa kwenziwa ngokuphindaphinda inani lomholo wabo siqu ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe, okufanayo kubo bonke abasebenzi. I-coefficient ngokwayo itholakala kuseli elihlukile leshidi. Sibhekene nomsebenzi wokubala inkokhelo yazo zonke izisebenzi ngendlela esheshayo engenzeka.

1. Ngakho, esitokisini sokuqala sekholomu "Umholo" sethula ifomula yokwandisa izinga lomsebenzi ohambelana nalo coefficient. Esimweni sethu, leli fomula linamafomu alandelayo:

   = C4 * G3



2. Ukubala umphumela ophelile, chofoza Ngena kwikhibhodi. Ingqikithi iboniswa kuseli eliqukethe ifomula.



3. Sibala inani leholo lomsebenzi wokuqala. Manje sidinga ukwenza lokhu kuzo zonke ezinye imigqa. Yiqiniso, ukusebenza kungabhalwa esitokisini ngasinye sekholomu. "Umholo" ngesandla, ukwethula ifomu elifanayo, elungiselelwe ukukhokha, kodwa sinomsebenzi, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukwenza izibalo, futhi ukufaka ngesandla kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi. Yebo, futhi kungani uchitha umzamo wokufaka ngesandla, uma ifomula ingahle ikopishwe kwamanye amaseli?

   Ukukopisha ifomula, sebenzisa ithuluzi elifana nomaka wokugcwalisa. Siba isikhombisi ekhoneni elingaphansi kwesokudla leseli lapho liqukethwe khona. Kule nkinga, isikhombisi ngokwazo kufanele siguqule kube umakaki wokugcwalisa kakhulu ngendlela yesiphambano. Bamba inkinobho yesinxele yesinxele bese uhudula isikhombisi phansi kuze kube sekupheleni kwetafula.



4. Kodwa, njengoba sibona, esikhundleni se-payroll efanele kubo bonke abasebenzi, sithole kuphela ama-zero.



5. Sibheka isizathu salesi siphumo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha iselula yesibili kukholomu "Umholo". Ibha yefomula ibonisa inkulumo ehambelana nale seli. Njengoba ungabona, isici sokuqala (C5) kufana nesilinganiso sesisebenzi, esilindele umholo. Ukushintshwa kwezixhumanisi kuqhathaniswa neseli langaphambilini kwakungenxa yendawo yokuzihlanganisa. Noma kunjalo, kule nkinga ethile, siyidinga. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinga lesisebenzi esikudingayo kwakuyisici sokuqala. Kodwa ukuguqulwa kwezixhumanisi kwenzeka nge-multiplier multiplier. Futhi manje ikheli lakhe alibheki ku-coefficient (1,28), futhi kuseli elingenalutho ngezansi.

   

   Yingakho ukukhokhelwa kwabasebenzi abalandelayo ohlwini kuhluleka ukuthi akulungile.

6. Ukuze silungise lesi simo, kudingeka sishintshe ukubhekana nesici sesibili kusuka ekuhlosweni kokusimisiwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, buyela esitokisini sokuqala kukholomu. "Umholo"ngokuliqokomisa. Okulandelayo, sithuthela kubha yefomula, lapho inkulumo esiyidingayo ikhonjiswa khona. Khetha isici sesibili ne-cursor (G3) bese ucindezela ikhi yomsebenzi kwikhibhodi.



7. Njengoba sibona, isibonakaliso se-dollar sivele eduze nezixhumanisi zesici sesibili, futhi lokhu, njengoba sikhumbula, kuyimfanelo yokukhuluma ngokugcwele. Ukuze ubonise umphumela, cindezela ukhiye Ngena.



8. Manje, njengangaphambili, sibiza isibambo sokugcwalisa ngokubeka isikhombisi ekhoneni elingezansi elingakwesokudla se-column yokuqala. "Umholo". Bamba inkinobho yegundane ngakwesokunxele bese uyidonsa phansi.



9. Njengoba ubona, kulokhu, ukubalwa kwenziwa ngendlela efanele futhi inani lemholo lalabo bonke abasebenzi bebhizinisi libalwe ngendlela efanele.



10. Bheka ukuthi ifomula likopishwe kanjani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha isici sesibili sekholomu "Umholo". Sibheka inkulumo ekhona kwibha yefomula. Njengoba ungabona, izixhumanisi zesici sokuqala (C5), esalokhu isihlobo, ishintshiwe esisodwa sibheke phansi ngokuqondile uma kuqhathaniswa neseli langaphambilini. Kodwa isici sesibili ($ G $ 3), ikheli esilungisile, lahlala lingashintshi.

I-Excel iphinde isebenzise okuthiwa ukuxuba okuxutshwe. Kulesi simo, ikheli le-element liqondiswe noma ikholomu noma umugqa. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngendlela yokuthi isibonakaliso se-dollar sibekwa phambi kwesinye sezixhumanisi zekheli. Nasi isibonelo somxhumanisi ohlanganisiwe ojwayelekile:

= A $ 1

Leli kheli libhekwa futhi lixubile:

= $ A1

Okungukuthi, ukubhekana ncamashi ekubhekiseni okuxubile kusetshenziselwa kuphela ukulinganisa okulinganayo kokubili.

Ake sibone ukuthi lesi sixhumanisi esixubene singasetshenziswa kanjani ukusebenzisa isibonelo setafula elifanayo lemali yabasebenzi benkampani.

1. Njengoba ubona, ekuqaleni senze lokho ukuze zonke izixhumanisi zesici sesibili zikhulume ngokuphelele. Kodwa ake sibone ukuthi kulesi simo bobabili izindinganiso kufanele zilungiswe? Njengoba ungabona, uma ukukopisha kwenzeka, ukuhamba ngokuhamba kwenzeka kwenzeka, futhi izixhumanisi eziqondile zihlala zingashintshi. Ngakho-ke, kunokwenzeka ukuthi usebenzise ngokuphelele ukubhekana nezixhumanisi zomugqa, futhi izixhumanisi zekholomu zihlala njengoba zikhona ngokuzenzakalelayo - isihlobo.

   Khetha into yokuqala kukholomu. "Umholo" futhi ibha yefomula yenza ukukhwabanisa okungenhla. Sithola ifomula elandelayo:

   = C4 * G $ 3

   Njengoba ungabona, ukulungiswa okuhleliwe kokuphindaphinda kwesibili kufakwe kuphela ngokuphathelene nezixhumanisi zethambo. Ukuze ubonise umphumela esitokisini, chofoza inkinobho. Ngena.



2. Ngemuva kwalokho, usebenzisa uphawu lokugcwalisa, kopisha leli fomula kubanga lamaseli angezansi. Njengoba ubona, ukukhokhelwa kwabo bonke abasebenzi kwenziwa kahle.



3. Sibheka indlela ifomula ekopishwe ngayo iboniswa esitokisini sesibili sekholomu lapho senza khona ukuxhaphazwa. Njengoba ungabona ebhasini lefomula, ngemuva kokukhethwa kwalesi sici sekhasi, nakuba isici sesibili sinekhono elilodwa lokubhekana nezixhumanisi zegqawu, izixhumanisi zekholomu azizange zishintshe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi asikopishe ngokuqondile, kodwa ngokuqondile. Uma ngabe sizokopisha ngokuzenzekelayo, ngakho-ke esimweni esifanayo, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuzodingeka sikhulume ngokuqondile kwezixhumanisi zamakholomu, futhi imigqa le nqubo ingakhetha.

Isifundo: Ukuxhumana okungaqondile nokuhlobene ku-Excel

Indlela 2: umsebenzi we-FLOSS

Indlela yesibili yokuhlela ngokuphelele ukubhekana netafula le-Excel ukusebenzisa i-opharetha I-FLOSS. Umsebenzi ocacisiwe ungokwesigaba sama-opharetha akhiwe ngaphakathi. "Izixhumanisi nezigaba". Umsebenti wayo ukudala isixhumanisi esitokisini esicacisiwe kanye nokukhishwa komphumela esakhiweni sephepha lapho opharetha uqobo khona. Kulesi simo, isixhumanisi sinamathele ezixhumanisini eziqine nakakhulu kunesikhathi sokusebenzisa isibonakaliso se-dollar. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuvunyelwe ukubiza izixhumanisi usebenzisa I-FLOSS "super-absolute". Lesi sitatimende sine-syntax elandelayo:

= I-FLOSS (isixhumanisi seseli; [a1])

Lo msebenzi unemibono emibili, owokuqala unesimiso sokugunyazwa, kanti okwesibini akusho.

Ukuphikisana I-Link Link kuyinto isixhumanisi esakhiweni se-Excel sheet kufomu lokubhala. Okungukuthi, lokhu yisixhumanisi esivamile, kodwa sihlanganiswe kumacaphuno. Yilokho okwenza kube lula ukunikeza izakhiwo zokubhekana ngokuphelele.

Ukuphikisana "a1" - ngokuzithandela futhi esetshenziselwa amacala angavamile. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuyadingeka kuphela lapho umsebenzisi ekhetha enye indlela yokubhekana nokukhetha, esikhundleni sokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwezixhumanisi ngohlobo "A1" (amakholomu anegama lokubhala, nemigqa iyinombolo). Okunye kusho ukusetshenziswa kwesitayela "R1C1"lapho kukho amakholomu, afana nemigqa, iboniswa izinombolo. Shintshela kule mode yokusebenza kungenzeka ngewindi yezinketho ze-Excel. Bese usebenzisa i-opharetha I-FLOSS, njengengxabano "a1" kufanele ikhombise inani "FALSE". Uma usebenza kumodi evamile yokubonisa izixhumanisi, njengabanye abasebenzisi abaningi, khona-ke njengengxabano "a1" ingacacisa inani "TRUE". Noma kunjalo, leli xabiso lisho ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngakho-ke ukuphikisana kulokhu kulula kakhulu ngokujwayelekile "a1" ungacacisi.

Ake sibone ukuthi ukubhekana nokusebenza ngokuphelele kuzosebenza kanjani, kuhlelwe nomsebenzi I-FLOSS, ngesibonelo setafula lethu leholo.

1. Khetha into yokuqala kukholomu. "Umholo". Sabeka uphawu "=". Njengoba ukhumbule, isandisi sokuqala emfomeni ocacisiwe wokubala umholo kufanele imelwe ngekheli elihlobene. Ngakho-ke, mane uchofoze kuseli eliqukethe inani leholo elihambelanayo (C4). Ukulandela ukuthi ikheli layo likhonjiswa kanjani kulutho ukubonisa umphumela, chofoza inkinobho yande (*) kwikhibhodi. Khona-ke sidinga ukuthuthela ekusebenziseni opharetha I-FLOSS. Chofoza kusithonjana. "Faka umsebenzi".



2. Ewindini evula Amakhosi omsebenzi iya kusigaba "Izixhumanisi nezigaba". Phakathi kohlu olukhethiwe lwamagama khetha igama "DVSSYL". Bese uchofoza inkinobho. "Kulungile".



3. Ivuselela izimpikiswano zewindi le-opharetha I-FLOSS. Iqukethe amasimu amabili ahambisana nezimpikiswano zalolu msebenzi.

   Faka i-cursor ensimini I-Link Link. Vele uchofoze kwisici sekhasi, okuyi-coefficient yokubala kweholo (G3). Ikheli lizovela ngokushesha ebhokisini lempikiswano. Uma ngabe sibhekene nomsebenzi ojwayelekile, ukufakwa kwekheli kungacatshangwa kuqedile, kodwa sisebenzisa umsebenzi I-FLOSS. Njengoba sikhumbula, amakheli kuwo kumele abe ngendlela yokubhala. Ngakho-ke, sihlanganisa izixhumanisi, ezitholakala emkhakheni wefasitela, kumaphuzu.

   Njengoba sisebenza kwimodi yokubonisa edidiyelwe, insimu "A1" shiya kungenalutho. Chofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Isicelo senza isibalo futhi sibonisa umphumela kushidi leshidi eliqukethe ifomula.



5. Manje sikopisha leli fomula kuwo wonke amanye amaseli wekholomu. "Umholo" ngokusebenzisa uphawu lokugcwalisa, njengoba senza ngaphambili. Njengoba ungabona, yonke imiphumela ibalwa kahle.



6. Ake sibone ukuthi leli fomula likhonjiswa kanjani kwelinye lamaseli lapho likopishwe khona. Khetha isici sesibili sekholomu bese ubheka ibha yefomula. Njengoba ubona, isici sokuqala, okuyi-reference reference, sashintshe izixhumanisi zayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, impikiswano yesici sesibili, emele umsebenzi I-FLOSS, ahlala engashintshi. Kulesi simo, inqubo ehleliwe yokubhekana nayo yasetshenziswa.

Isifundo: I-Operator DVSE ku-Excel

Ukungaqondile ukubhekana nama-spreadsheet e-Excel kungatholakala ngezindlela ezimbili: ukusebenzisa umsebenzi we-FLESS nokusebenzisa izixhumanisi eziphelele. Kule ndaba, umsebenzi ubophezela ngokwengeziwe ekhelini. Ukukhuluma ngokugcwele ngokuphelele kungasetshenziswa futhi uma usebenzisa izixhumanisi ezixutshwe.