Uhlelo lwe-Microsoft Excel lunikeza amathuba okusebenza kuphela ngemininingwane yamanani, kodwa futhi inikeza ngamathuluzi wokwakha ngesisekelo semingcele yokufaka imidwebo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuboniswa kwabo okubonakalayo kungahluka ngokuphelele. Ake sibone ukuthi singasebenzisa kanjani i-Microsoft Excel ukudweba izinhlobo ezahlukene zamashadi.
Charting itafula
Ukwakha izinhlobo ezahlukene zemidwebo kuyafana. Kuphela esiteji esithile udinga ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lokubukwa.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukudala noma yiliphi ishadi, udinga ukwakha itafula nedatha, ngesisekelo sayo esizokwakhiwa. Khona-ke, iya kuthebhu ethi "Faka", bese ukhetha indawo yaletafula, ezobe iboniswe kumdwebo.
Ebhebheni kufaka ithebhu Faka, khetha eyodwa yezinhlobo eziyisithupha zemidwebo eyisisekelo:
- I-Histogram;
- Isheduli;
- Isiyingiyingi;
- Kuthunyelwe;
- With izindawo;
- Okulungile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Eminye", ungakhetha izinhlobo ezincane ezijwayelekile zeshadi: isitoko, ubuso, indandatho, bubble, i-radar.
Emva kwalokho, ngokuchofoza kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo zemidwebo, kuhlongozwa ukuba ukhethe ama-subspecies athile. Isibonelo, i-histogram, noma ishadi lesibha, lezi zakhi ezilandelayo zizoba yizihlobo ezincane: i-histogram ejwayelekile, i-volumetric, i-cylindrical, conical, i-pyramidal.
Ngemuva kokukhetha i-subspecies ethile, umdwebo uvele ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isibonelo, i-histogram ejwayelekile izobukeka njengaleyo eboniswe esithombeni ngezansi.
Umdwebo ngesimo segrafu uzobukeka kanje.
Ishadi lendawo lizobukeka kanje.
Sebenzisa ngamashadi
Ngemuva kokuthi umdwebo udalwe, amathuluzi engeziwe wokuhlela nokuhlela itholakala kuthebhu entsha "Ukusebenza Amashadi". Ungashintsha uhlobo leshadi, isitayela salo, neminye imingcele eminingi.
Ithebhu ethi "Ukusebenza Nge-Charts" inezintwana ezincane ezengeziwe ezengeziwe: "Umakhi", "Ukuhlela" no "Ifomethi".
Ukuze usho ishadi, iya kuthebhu "Yokwakheka", bese ukhetha okunye okukhethwa kukho indawo yegama: phakathi noma ngaphezulu kweshadi.
Emva kwalokhu kwenziwa, isihloko esijwayelekile esithi "Igama Leshadi" livela. Sishintshe kunoma yiliphi ilebula efana nomongo waletafula.
Amagama ama-axis of the diagram asayinwe impela efanayo, kepha ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Amagama Axes".
Ukubonisa Ishadi Lephesenti
Ukuze ubonise iphesenti yezinkomba ezihlukahlukene, kungcono ukwakha ishadi lephayi.
Ngendlela efanayo njengoba senze ngenhla, sakha itafula, bese ukhetha ingxenye efunayo. Okulandelayo, iya kuthebhu ethi "Faka", khetha ishadi lephayi ebhokisini, bese, kuhlu oluvelayo, chofoza kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lweshadi lephayi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlelo luzihumusha ngokuzenzakalelayo linye lamathebhu okusebenza ngemidwebo - "Umklami". Khetha phakathi kwezakhiwo zemidwebo ebhokisini noma yikuphi lapho uphawu lwephesenti lukhona khona.
Ishadi lephayi elinamaphesenti yedatha alungile.
I-Pareto Charting
Ngokomqondo kaWilfredo Pareto, ama-20% wezenzo eziphumelela kakhulu aletha u-80% wempendulo yonke. Ngakho-ke, okusele kwezingu-80% zesenzo esiphelele sezenzo ezingasebenzi, kuletha kuphela 20% womphumela. Ukwakhiwa kweshadi le-Pareto kuhloswe ukubala izenzo ezisebenzayo kakhulu ezinikeza ukubuyiselwa okuphezulu. Senza lokhu ngosizo lwe-Microsoft Excel.
Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukwakha ishadi lePareto ngendlela ye-histogram, esesivele sishilo ngenhla.
Isibonelo sokwakhiwa. Ithebula libonisa uhlu lokudla. Ikholomu eyodwa iqukethe intengo yokuthenga yonke ivolumu yohlu oluthile lomkhiqizo endlini yokugcina impahla, kanti eyesibili iqukethe inzuzo ekuthengisweni kwayo. Kufanele sithole ukuthi imiphi imikhiqizo enikeza "ukubuyisa" okukhulu kakhulu ekudayiseni.
Okokuqala, sakha i-histogram evamile. Iya kuthebhu "Faka", ukhethe lonke uhlu lwamanani wetafula, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Histogram", bese ukhetha uhlobo olufunayo lwe-histogram.
Njengoba ubona, ngenxa yalokho, isenzo sakhiwe ngezinhlobo ezimbili zamakholomu: okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu.
Manje, sidinga ukuguqula amakholomu abomvu ibe igrafu. Ukwenza lokhu, khetha lezi zikholomu ezine-cursor, futhi kuthebhu ethi "Umklami", chofoza inkinobho ethi "Shintsha uhlobo lwethebula".
Uhlobo lweshadi lushintsha iwindi livuleka. Iya esigabeni "seGrafu", bese ukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwegrafu ngezinhloso zethu.
Ngakho, umdwebo wePareto uwakhiwe. Manje, ungahlela izakhi zalo (igama leshadi kanye nezinkomba, izitayela, njll), njengoba nje kuchaziwe besebenzisa isibonelo seshadi leshadi.
Njengoba ubona, i-Microsoft Excel inikezela ngamathuluzi amaningi wokwakhiwa nokuhlela izinhlobo ezahlukene zamashadi. Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi ngalawa mathuluzi kuncishiswa ngabathuthukisi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze abasebenzisi abanezigaba ezahlukene zokuqeqesha bakwazi ukubhekana nazo.
