Ukufaka uhlelo lwe-CentOS 7 lokuhluka kuhluke ngezindlela eziningi kule nqubo ngezinye izimpahla ezisuselwe kwikhenelini ye-Linux, ngakho-ke ngisho nomsebenzisi onolwazi angabhekana nezinkinga eziningi lapho enza lo msebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo luhlelwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Yize ingafakwa emva kokuqedwa kwalolu hlelo, lesi sihloko sizokunikeza imiyalelo yokwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Bheka futhi:
Ukufaka i-Debian 9
Faka Linux Mint
Faka Ubuntu
Faka futhi ulungise i-CentOS 7
Ukufakwa kwe-CentOS 7 kungenziwa kusuka ku-USB flash drive noma i-CD / DVD, ngakho kuqala ulungiselele idrayivu okungenani i-2 GB.
Kubalulekile ukwenza inothi elibalulekile: uqapha ngokucophelela ukusebenza kwezinto ngayinye zemfundo, ngoba ngaphezu kokufakwa okujwayelekile, uzobe usungula uhlelo oluzayo. Uma ungayinaki imingcele ethile noma uyibeke ngokungalungile, ngemuva kokusebenza nge-CentOS 7 kwikhompyutha yakho ungase uhlangane namaphutha amaningi.
Isinyathelo 1: Landa ukusatshalaliswa
Okokuqala udinga ukulanda uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwayo. Kunconywa ukuba wenze lokhu kusayithi elisemthethweni ukuze ugweme izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwesistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithombo engathembekile ingaqukatha izithombe ze-OS ezithintekile ngama-virus.
Landa i-CentOS 7 kusuka kusayithi elisemthethweni
Ukuchofoza kusixhumanisi ngenhla, uzothathwa ekhasini lokukhethwa kwenguqulo le-kit yokusabalalisa.
Uma ukhetha, cisha ivolumu yedrayivu yakho. Ngakho, uma ibamba i-16 GB, khetha "Yonke into engu-ISO", ngaleyo ndlela uzofaka uhlelo lokusebenza nazo zonke izingxenye ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Qaphela: uma uzofaka i-CentOS 7 ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi, kufanele ukhethe le ndlela.
Inguqulo "I-DVD ye-ISO" Ilinganiselwa ku-3.5 GB, ngakho-ke ulanda uma unesidingo se-flash flash noma i-disk okungenani i-4 GB. "ISO encane" - ukusabalalisa okulula kakhulu. Ilinganiselwa ku-1 GB, ngoba ayinakho izingxenye eziningana, isibonelo, akukho ukukhetha kwendawo yemifanekiso, okungukuthi, uma ungenayo uxhumano lwe-intanethi, bese ufaka inguqulo yesiphakeli ye-CentOS 7.
Qaphela: ngemuva kokuba inethiwekhi isilungisiwe, ungafaka i-GUI yedeskithophu kusuka kwiseva ye-OS.
Uma usuqedile inguqulo yesistimu yokusebenza, chofoza inkinobho efanelekile kusayithi. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzosuswa ekhasini ukuze ukhethe isibuko lapho uhlelo luzolayishwa khona.
Kunconywa ukulanda i-OS kusuka kuzixhumanisi eziseqembu "Izwe langempela"Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngesivinini esikhulu sokulanda.
Isinyathelo sesibili: Ukwakha idrayivu yokuqalisa
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba isithombe sokusabalalisa silayishwe kukhompyutha, kufanele sibhaliswe ku-drive. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, lokhu ungasebenzisa kokubili i-flash flash drive kanye neCD / DVD. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza lo msebenzi, nabo bonke ongayithola kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe:
Sibhala isithombe se-OS kwi-USB flash drive
Bhala isithombe se-OS ukuze disk
Isinyathelo 3: Ukuqala i-PC kusuka ku-boot drive
Uma usuvele unesidingo ngesithombe se-CentOS 7 esibhaliwe, udinga ukuyifaka ku-PC yakho bese uyiqalisa. Kukhompuyutha ngayinye yenziwe ngokuhlukile, kuxhomeke ku-version ye-BIOS. Ngezansi kukhona izixhumanisi kuzo zonke izinto ezidingekayo, ezitshela indlela yokunquma inguqulo ye-BIOS nokuthi ungaqala kanjani ikhompyutha kusuka ku-drive.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe:
I-PC boot kusuka kushayela
Thola inguqulo ye-BIOS
Isinyathelo 4: Uku-Pre-Tuning
Uma uqale ikhompiyutha, uzobona imenyu okudingeka uyithole ukuthi uhlelo lufakiwe kanjani. Kunezinketho ezimbili ongakhetha kuzo:
- Faka i-CentOS Linux 7 - ukufakwa okujwayelekile;
- Hlola le media bese ufaka i-CentOS Linux 7 - ukufakwa emva kokuhlola idrayivu yeziphambeko ezibucayi.
Uma uqinisekile ukuthi isistimu yesistimu ibhalwe ngaphandle kwamaphutha, khetha into yokuqala bese uchofoza Ngena. Uma kungenjalo, khetha into yesibili ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwesithombe esiqoshiwe.
Okulandelayo kuzosungula isifaki.
Inqubo yonke yokulungiselela uhlelo kuqala ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba:
- Khetha ohlwini olululwimi nohlobo lwayo. Okukhethile kuzoxhomeka olimini lwombhalo ozoboniswa kulesifaki.
- Kumenyu enkulu, chofoza entweni "Usuku Nesikhathi".
- Esikhathini esibonakalayo esibonakalayo, khetha indawo yakho yesikhathi. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili: chofoza kumephu yendawo yakho noma ukhethe kusuka kuhlu "Isifunda" futhi "Idolobha"esisekhoneni eliphezulu elingakwesokunxele lewindi.
Lapha ungakwazi ukunquma ifomethi yesikhathi esibonisiwe ohlelweni: Ihora eli-24 noma AM / PM. Umshini ohambelanayo utholakala phansi kwefasitela.
Ngemva kokukhetha indawo yesikhathi, chofoza "Yenzelwe".
- Kumenyu enkulu, chofoza entweni "Ikhibhodi".
- Kusukela ohlwini olwesikrinini sesobunxele, donsela izakhiwo zekhibhodi ezidingekayo ngakwesokudla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukhethe bese uchofoza inkinobho efanelekile ngezansi.
Qaphela: isakhiwo sekhibhodi, esitholakala ngenhla, siyinhloko, okungukuthi, siyokhethwa ku-OS ngokushesha ngemva kokulayisha kwayo.
Ungashintsha futhi izinkinobho zokushintsha isakhiwo ohlelweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuchofoza "Izinketho" futhi ucacise ngesandla (okuzenzakalelayo kuwukuthi I-Alt + Shift). Ngemuva kokuhlela, chofoza inkinobho. "Yenzelwe".
- Emenyu enkulu, khetha into "I-Network & Igama Lombutho".
- Setha inkinobho yenethiwekhi, etholakala ekhoneni elingakwesokudla lewindi, kuya ku- "Inikwe amandla" bese ufaka igama lomsingathi enkambu yokufaka ekhethekile.
Uma izilungiselelo ze-Ethernet ozitholayo azikho imodi yokuzenzekelayo, okungukuthi, hhayi nge-DHCP, bese udinga ukuzifaka ngesandla. Ukwenza lokhu, chofoza inkinobho "Yenza ngokwezifiso".
Okulandelayo kuthebhu "Jikelele" faka amabhokisi okuhlola amabili okuqala. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi ngokuzenzakalelayo uma uqala ikhompyutha yakho.
Ithebhu "Ethernet" Kusukela ohlwini, khetha i-adaptha yenethiwekhi yakho lapho ikhebula lomhlinzeki lixhunywe khona.
Manje iya kuthebhu "Izilungiselelo ze-IPv4", chaza indlela yokumisa njengobhukwana bese ufaka yonke idatha enikezwe yona ngumhlinzeki emasimini okufakwayo.
Ngemva kokuqeda izinyathelo, khumbula ukugcina izinguquko, bese uchofoza "Yenzelwe".
- Emenyu, chofoza "Ukukhetha Uhlelo".
- Uhlu "Indawo Eyisisekelo" Khetha imvelo yedeskithophu ofuna ukuyibona ku-CentOS 7. Ngegama layo, ungafunda incazelo emfushane. Ewindini "Ukwengezwa kwendawo ekhethiwe" khetha isofthiwe ofuna ukuyifaka ohlelweni.
Qaphela: wonke isofthiwe ecacisiwe ingalandwa emva kokufakwa kwesistimu yokusebenza.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuhlelwa kwangaphambili kwesistimu yesikhathi esizayo kubhekwa ukuthi kugcwaliswe. Okulandelayo, udinga ukuhlukanisa i-disk bese udala abasebenzisi.
Isinyathelo 5: Ukuhlukanisa iDisk
Ukuhlukanisa i-disk ekufakweni kwesistimu yokusebenza yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu, ngakho kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela imiyalelo ngezansi.
Ekuqaleni, udinga ukuya ngqo ewindini lokumaketha. Kulokhu:
- Kumenyu enkulu yomfakisi, khetha "Indawo yokufaka".
- Ewindini ebonakalayo, khetha idrayivu lapho i-CentOS 7 izofakwa khona, bese usetha ukushintshela "Ezinye izinketho zokugcina" esimweni "Ngizomisa izingxenye". Ngemuva kokuchofoza lokho "Yenzelwe".
Qaphela: uma ufaka i-CentOS 7 ku-hard disk engenalutho, bese ukhetha "ukhethe izingxenye ngokuzenzakalelayo".
Manje usendleleni yokuhlela. Isibonelo sisebenzisa i-disk lapho ama-partitions asevele adalwe khona, esimweni sakho kungase kube khona. Uma kungekho isikhala samahhala ku-disk eyinkimbinkimbi, bese ufaka i-OS, kufanele uqale uyibeke ngokususa izingxenye ezingadingekile. Lokhu kwenziwa kanje:
- Khetha isigaba ofuna ukususa. Esimweni sethu "/ i-boot".
- Chofoza inkinobho "-".
- Qinisekisa isenzo ngokuchofoza inkinobho. "Susa" efasiteleni elivela.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwahlukaniswa kuzosuswa. Uma ufuna ukuhlanza ngokuphelele i-disk yakho kusuka kwahlukanisiwe, bese uqhuba lo msebenzi ngalunye ngokwehlukana.
Okulandelayo, kuzodingeka udale izingxenye zokufaka i-CentOS 7. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu: ngokuzenzekelayo nangokuzenzekelayo. Okokuqala kuhilela ukukhetha into "Chofoza lapha ukuze uzidale ngokuzenzekelayo".
Kodwa kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi lo faki uhlinzeka ukwakha izigaba ezingu-4: ikhaya, izimpande, / ibhuthri futhi shintsha ukuhlukanisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzobekwa ngokuzenzakalelayo inkumbulo ethile ngayinye yazo.
Uma lokhu kulungiselelwa kukufanele, chofoza "Yenzelwe", ngaphandle kwalokho ungakha zonke izigaba ezidingekayo wena. Manje sizochaza ukuthi singayenza kanjani:
- Chofoza inkinobho ngesibonakaliso "+"ukuvula ifasitela ngokudala iphuzu lezintaba.
- Ewindini ebonakalayo, khetha iphuzu lendawo yokugcina bese ucacisa usayizi wokuhlukanisa okudalwe.
- Cindezela inkinobho "Okulandelayo".
Ngemuva kokudala ukwahlukanisa, ungashintsha imingcele ethile ngakwesokudla kwes window yefaki.
Qaphela: uma ungenayo isipiliyoni esanele ku disk ukwahlukanisa, akunconywa ukuba uhlele ekuhlukanisweni okudalwe. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, isifaki isetha izilungiselelo ezilungile.
Ukwazi ukwakha izingxenye, ukwahlukanisa i-disk ngentando. Futhi cindezela inkinobho "Yenzelwe". Ngaphansi, kunconywa ukuthi udale ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande, kuboniswe uphawu "/" futhi ushintshe ukuhlukanisa - "shintsha".
Ngemuva kokuchofoza "Yenzelwe" Iwindi lizovela, lisho zonke izinguquko ezenziwe. Funda ngokucophelela lo mbiko futhi, ngaphandle kokubona noma yini eyengeziwe, chofoza Yamukela Izinguquko ". Uma kunokungafani kuhlu olwenziwe ngezenzo zangaphambili, chofoza "Khansela bese ubuyela ekusetheleni izigaba".
Ngemuva kwesakhiwo se disk, isigaba sokugcina sokugcina sokufakwa kwesistimu yokusebenza se-CentOS 7 sihlala.
Isinyathelo 6: Qedela ukufakwa
Ngokwenza i-disk partitioning, uzothathwa kumenyu enkulu yokufaka, lapho kufanele uchofoze khona "Ukuqala kokuqala".
Ngemuva kwalokho uzosuswa efasiteleni. "Izilungiselelo Zokwezifiso"lapho kufanele wenze izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:
- Okokuqala, setha iphasiwedi engaphezulu. Ukwenza lokhu, chofoza entweni "Iphasiwedi yomsuka".
- Kukholomu yokuqala, faka iphasiwedi oyilungulile, bese uyifaka kabusha kukholomu yesibili, bese uchofoza "Yenzelwe".
Qaphela: uma ufaka iphasiwedi emfushane, ngemuva kokuchofoza okuthi "Kwenziwe" uhlelo luzokucela ukuba ufake eyodwa eyinkimbinkimbi. Lo mlayezo unganakwa ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Qedela" okwesibili.
- Manje udinga ukwakha umsebenzisi omusha bese umnika amalungelo omlawuli. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukuphepha kwesistimu. Ukuze uqale, chofoza entweni "Dala umsebenzisi".
- Ewindini elisha udinga ukusetha igama lomsebenzisi, ungene ngemvume bese usetha iphasiwedi.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele: ukungena igama, ungasebenzisa noma yiluphi ulimi nolunye lwezinhlamvu, kanti igama lomsebenzisi kumele lifakwe ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo sekhibhodi engaphansi nesesiNgisi.
- Ungakhohlwa ukwenza umsebenzisi odale umlawuli ngokuhlola ibhokisi elifanele.
Konke lesi sikhathi, ngenkathi udala umsebenzisi futhi usetha iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti engaphezulu, ukufakwa kwakungemuva. Uma zonke izenzo ezingenhla seziqediwe, kusalinde ukulinda inqubo ukuqedela. Ungakwazi ukulandelela inqubekela phambili yayo ku-inkomba ehambisanayo ngaphansi kwewindi lefaki.
Ngokushesha nje lapho umqambi ufinyelela ekupheleni, udinga ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha. Ukwenza lokhu, chofoza inkinobho yegama elifanayo, emva kokukhipha i-USB flash drive noma i-CD / DVD ngesithombe se-OS kusuka kukhompyutha.
Uma i-computer iqala, imenyu ye-GRUB izovela, lapho okudingeka ukhethe khona uhlelo lokusebenza lokuqalisa. I-CentOS 7 i-athikili efakiwe kwi-disk elula kanzima, ngakho-ke kukhona okufakiwe okubili ku-GRUB:
Uma ufake i-CentOS 7 eduze kwesinye uhlelo lokusebenza, kuzoba nemigqa eminingana kwimenyu. Ukuze usebenzise uhlelo olusanda kufakwa, udinga ukukhetha "I-CentOS Linux 7 (Okuyinhloko), ne-Linux 3.10.0-229.e17.x86_64".
Isiphetho
Ngemuva kokuthi uqalise i-CentOS 7 nge-bootloader ye-GRUB, udinga ukukhetha umsebenzisi odale futhi ufake iphasiwedi yakhe. Ngenxa yalokho, uzosuswa kwideskithophu, uma umuntu akhethiwe ukufakwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka yesifaki. Uma wenza isenzo ngasinye esichazwe emiyalweni, ukusethwa kwesistimu akudingeki, njengoba kwenziwa ngaphambilini, kungenjalo ezinye izakhi zingase zingasebenzi kahle.
