Indlela yokuthola inguqulo ye-Android efonini

Ikampani ye-Mikrotik ikhiqiza imishini yenethiwekhi eqhuba uhlelo layo lokusebenza RouterOS. Kungenxa yokuthi ukulungiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zomzila ezivela kulesi sakhi kwenzeka. Namuhla sizogxila ku-router RB951G-2HnD futhi sikutshele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani.

Ukulungiselela i-router

Khipha idivayisi bese uyibeka endlini yakho noma endlini endaweni elula kakhulu. Bheka iphaneli, lapho zonke izinkinobho nezixhumi ezikhona zikhonjiswa. Xhuma ucingo kumhlinzeki kanye nekhebula le-LAN kwikhompyutha kunoma yikuphi amarekhodi atholakalayo. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi iyiphi inombolo yokuxhumeka okwenziwe, ngoba kuyoba usizo ekuhleleni okuqhubekayo imingcele ku-web interface ngokwayo.

Qinisekisa ukuthi iWindows ithola amakheli e-IP ne-DNS ngokuzenzekelayo. Lokhu kuboniswa uphawu olukhethekile kwimenyu yokumisa ye-IPv4, okufanele ihambisane namanani "Thola ngokuzenzakalelayo". Indlela yokuhlola futhi ushintshe le parameter, ungafunda kusuka kwesinye isihloko sakho kusixhumanisi esingezansi.

Funda kabanzi: Izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ze-Windows 7

Silungiselela i-router Mikrotik RB951G-2HnD

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukucushwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza ngokuqondile. Isebenza ngamamodi amabili - isofthiwe kanye nesimo sewebhu. Indawo yazo zonke izinto nenqubo yokulungiswa kwazo zifana nalokho, ukubonakala kwezinkinobho ezithile kuphela kuguqulwa kancane. Isibonelo, uma kuhlelo lokwengeza umthetho omusha udinga ukuchofoza inkinobho njenge-plus, khona-ke ku-interface yewebhu inesibopho senkinobho "Engeza". Sizosebenza esibonakalayo sewebhu, futhi wena, uma ukhetha i-Winbox, phinda umhlahlandlela ngezansi ngqo. Ukushintshela ohlelweni lokusebenza kanje:

  1. Ngemva kokuxhuma i-router ku-PC, vula isiphequluli sewebhu futhi uthayiphe ibha yekheli192.168.88.1bese uchofoza Ngena.

  2. Isikrini sokwamukela i-OS sizovela. Lapha chofoza inketho efanele - "I-Winbox" noma "I-Webfig".

  3. Ukukhetha i-interface esibonakalayo, faka ukungena ngemvumeumphathibese ushiya uchungechunge ngephasiwedi engenalutho, ngoba ayisethiwe ngokuzenzakalelayo.

  4. Uma ulanda uhlelo, ngemuva kokuqaliswa kwalo kuzodingeka wenze izinyathelo ezifanayo, kodwa kuqala ohlwini "Xhuma ku" Ikheli le-IP licacisiwe192.168.88.1.

  5. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukucushwa, udinga ukusetha kabusha okwamanje, okungukuthi, lungisa kabusha konke kuzilungiselelo zetekisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula isigaba "Uhlelo", iya kwesigaba "Setha kabusha ukuhlela"hlola ibhokisi "Akukho ukuhlela okuzenzakalelayo" bese uchofoza "Setha kabusha ukuhlela".

Linda ukuthi i-router iqale kabusha futhi iphinde ifake uhlelo lokusebenza. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungaqhubeka ngokuqondile ukulungisa iphutha.

Ukulungiselelwa kwe-Interface

Uma uxhumeka, kwadingeka ukhumbule ukuthi yikuphi kwamapayipi ama-wire axhunyiwe, ngoba ku-routi ye-Mikrotik konke okulinganayo futhi kufanelekile kokubili ukuxhumeka kwe-WAN ne-LAN. Ukuze ungadideki eminye yemingcele, shintsha igama lesikhangiso lapho i-WAN ikhebula iya khona. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokoqobo ngezenzo eziningana:

  1. Vula isigaba "Ukungena" futhi ohlwini "Ethernet" thola inombolo edingekayo, bese uchofoze kukho inkinobho yegundane lesokunxele.

  2. Shintsha igama layo kunoma yikuphi okulula, isibonelo, ku-WAN, futhi ungaphuma kule menyu.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukudala ibhuloho, okuzovumela ukuhlanganisa wonke amachweba angene esikhaleni esisodwa sokusebenza nawo wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe. Ibhuloho lilungiswa kanje:

  1. Vula isigaba "Ibhuloho" bese uchofoza "Engeza okusha" noma ngaphezulu uma usebenzisa i-Winbox.

  2. Uzobona iwindi lokumisa. Kulo, shiya zonke izindinganiso ezizenzakalelayo futhi uqinisekise ukwengeza kwebhuloho ngokuchofoza inkinobho "Kulungile".

  3. Esigabeni esifanayo, wandise ithebhu "Amaphakethe" bese udala ipharamitha entsha.

  4. Emenyu yokuhlela, cacisa isikhombimsebenzisi. "ether1" bese usebenzisa izilungiselelo.

  5. Bese udala kahle umthetho ofanayo, kuphela kwichungechunge "Isikhombi" ucacise "wlan1".

Lokhu kuqedela inqubo yokusetha isikhombikubona; manje ungaqhubeka nokusebenza nezinto ezisele.

Ukusetha okuphephile

Kulesi sigaba sokucushwa, kuzodingeka uxhumane namadokhumenti anikezwe umhlinzeki uma uqedela imibhalo yenkontileka noma uxhumane naye nge-hotline ukuze unqume imingcele yokuxhumana. Ngokuvamile, umhlinzeki wesevisi we-Inthanethi ulungisa izilungiselelo eziningi ozifakayo kwi-firmware ye-router, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi yonke idatha itholakala ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-DHCP. Kulesi simo, ukusethwa kwenethiwekhi ku-RouterOS kwenzeka kanje:

  1. Dala ikheli le-IP eliyi-static. Ukwenza lokhu, qala ukwandisa isigaba "IP", khetha isigaba kuso "Amakheli" bese uchofoza "Engeza okusha".

  2. Njenge-subnet, noma yikuphi ikheli elihle elikhethiwe, kanye ne-router Mikrotik, okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kungaba192.168.9.1/24futhi kulayini "Isikhombi" Cacisa ichweba lapho ikhebula elivela kumhlinzeki lixhunyiwe khona. Uma uqedile, chofoza "Kulungile".

  3. Ungashiyi isigaba "IP"vele uye esigabeni "Umthengi we-DHCP". Lapha yakha okukhethwa kukho.

  4. Njenge-intanethi, cacisa ichweba elifanayo kusuka kulayini lomhlinzeki futhi uqinisekise ukuqedwa kokudalwa komthetho.

  5. Bese ubuyela emuva "Amakheli" bese ubona ukuthi ngabe enye umugqa uvele nekheli le-IP. Uma kunjalo, ukucushwa kwaphumelela.

Ngaphezulu, wawujwayele ukujwayela ukutholakala okuzenzakalelayo kwemiphakamitha yomhlinzeki ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi we-DHCP, kodwa izinkampani eziningana zinikeza imininingwane enjalo ngqo kumsebenzisi, ngakho kuzodingeka zihlelwe ngesandla. Imiyalo eyengeziwe izosiza ngalokhu:

  1. Ibhuku elidlule libonise indlela yokwakha ikheli le-IP, ngakho landela izinyathelo ezifanayo, futhi kumenyu yokukhetha evula, faka ikheli elihlinzekwe ngumhlinzeki wakho bese uphawula isikhombimsebenzisi lapho ikhebula le-inthanethi lixhunyiwe khona.

  2. Manje engeza isango. Ukwenza lokhu, vula isigaba "Imizila" bese uchofoza "Engeza okusha".

  3. Kulayini "Isango" setha isango elichazwe kumadokhumenti asemthethweni, bese uqinisekisa ukudala umthetho omusha.

  4. Ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nezizinda kwenzeka nge-DNS-server. Ngaphandle kwezilungiselelo zayo ezifanele, i-Intanethi ngeke isebenze. Ngakho-ke, kusigaba "IP" khetha isigatshana "DNS" setha lelo xabiso "Amaseva"okucaciswe enkonzweni, bese uchofoza "Faka isicelo".

Into yokugcina yokusetha uxhumo oluxhunyiwe ukuhlela isiphakeli se-DHCP. Ivumela yonke imishini exhunyiwe ukuzitholela ngokuzenzakalelayo imingcele yenethiwekhi, futhi ihlelwe ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa nje:

  1. Ngaphakathi "IP" vula imenyu "Iseva ye-DHCP" bese ucindezela inkinobho "Isethaphu ye-DHCP".

  2. Isixhumanisi sokusebenza se-server singashiywa singashintshi futhi ngokushesha siqhubeke nesinyathelo esilandelayo.

Ihlala kuphela ukufaka ikheli le-DHCP elitholwa kumhlinzeki futhi ulondoloze zonke izinguquko.

Ukusetha iphuzu lokufinyelela elingenantambo

Ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuxhunyiwe, i-router model RB951G-2HnD iphinde isekele ukusebenza nge-Wi-Fi, noma kunjalo, le modi kufanele ihlelwe kuqala. Yonke inqubo kulula:

  1. Iya kusigaba "Engenantambo" bese uchofoza "Engeza okusha"ukwengeza iphuzu lokufinyelela.

  2. Yenza iphuzu, faka igama layo, elizoboniswa ngalo kwimenyu yezilungiselelo. Kulayini "SSID" setha igama elingenakuphikisana. Kuyo uzothola inethiwekhi yakho ohlwini lokuxhumana olutholakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomsebenzi kusigaba. "I-WPS". Ukusebenza kwalo kwenza kube lula ukugunyaza idivayisi ngokucindezela inkinobho eyodwa kuphela ku-router. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, chofoza "Kulungile".

    3. Bheka futhi: Kuyini i-WPS ku-router futhi ngani?

  3. Chofoza ithebhu "Iphrofayela yokuvikela"lapho ukukhethwa kwemithetho yokuphepha.

  4. Engeza iphrofayela entsha noma chofoza ilungu ukuze ulihlele.

  5. Thayipha igama lephrofayela noma ushiye njengezinga elijwayelekile. Kulayini "Imodi" khetha ipharamitha "izinkinobho ezinamandla"hlola amabhokisi "I-WPA PSK" futhi "I-WPA2 PSK" (lezi zinhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokubethela). Beka amaphasiwedi amabili ngobude obuncane bezinhlamvu ezingu-8, bese uqedela ukulungiswa.

Kuleli phuzu, inqubo yokudala indawo yokufinyelela engenazintambo iphelile; ngemuva kokuqala kabusha i-router, kufanele isebenze ngokujwayelekile.

Izinketho zokuphepha

Ngokuqinisekile yonke imithetho yokuphepha yenethiwekhi ye-Mikrotik router isethwe kusigaba "I-Firewall". Iqukethe inamba enkulu yezinqubomgomo, okungeziwe okwenzekayo kanje:

  1. Vula isigaba "I-Firewall"lapho yonke imithetho ekhona khona iboniswa. Iya ukungeza ngokuchofoza "Engeza okusha".

  2. Izinqubomgomo ezidingekile zihlelwe kwimenyu, bese lezi zinguquko zilondolozwa.

Lapha kukhona inani elikhulu lobuqili nemithetho yokuthi umsebenzisi ovamile akadingi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Sincoma ukuthi sifunde esinye isihloko sethu kusixhumanisi esingezansi. Kuyo uzothola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokulungiswa kwemingcele esemqoka ye-firewall.

Funda kabanzi: Ukubeka i-firewall kuMikrotik

Ukusetha okuphelele

Kusele ukucubungula ezimbalwa hhayi amaphuzu abaluleke kunazo zonke, emva kwalokho inqubo yokucushwa komzila izogcwaliswa. Okokugcina, kufanele wenze lokhu okulandelayo:

  1. Vula isigaba "Uhlelo" bese ukhetha isigatshana "Abasebenzisi". Kuloluhlu, thola i-akhawunti yomlawuli noma udale entsha.

  2. Chaza iphrofayli kwelinye lamaqembu. Uma kungumqondisi, kulungile kakhulu ukwabela inani kuwo. "Okuphelele"bese uchofoza "Iphasiwedi".

  3. Thayipha iphasiwedi ukuze ufinyelele isikhombimsebenzisi sewebhu noma i-Winbox bese uyiqinisekisa.

  4. Vula imenyu "Iwashi" bese usetha isikhathi nesikhathi esiqondile. Lokhu kulungiselelwa akudingeki kuphela ukuqoqwa kwezibalo ezijwayelekile, kodwa futhi nokusebenza kahle kwemithetho yomlilo.

Manje qalisa kabusha i-router futhi inqubo yokusetha igcwaliswe ngokugcwele. Njengoba ubona, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuqonda yonke uhlelo lokusebenza, noma kunjalo, wonke umuntu angakwazi ukubhekana nalo, ngomzamo othile. Sithemba ukuthi isihloko sethu sikusizile ekusetheleni i-RB951G-2HnD, futhi uma unemibuzo, babuze emibhalweni.

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