I-ART noma i-Dalvik ku-Android - yikuphi, kungcono, kanjani ukunika amandla

02.25.2014 amadivayisi eselula

I-Google ithumele isikhathi sokuqalisa sesicelo njengengxenye ye-Android 4.4 KitKat update. Manje, ngaphezu komshini wokugcina we-Dalvik, kumadivayisi anamuhla aneprosesa ye-Snapdragon, kungenzeka ukhethe imvelo ye-ART. (Uma ufika kulesi sihloko ukuze uthole ukuthi unganikeza amandla i-ART ku-Android, pheqa kuze kube sekupheleni kwalo, lolu lwazi lunikezwa lapho).

Iyini i-runtime yokusebenza futhi kuphi umshini wokugcina? Ku-Android, umshini wangempela we-Dalvik (ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngalesi sikhathi) usetshenziselwa ukukhipha izinhlelo ozilandayo njengezifayili ze-APK (futhi ezingenakho ikhodi ehlanganisiwe), futhi imisebenzi yokuqoqa iyawela kuso.

Emshinini womshini we-Dalvik, ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Just-In-Time (JIT) lisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa ngokushesha lapho kuqaliswa noma ngaphansi kwezinye izenzo zomsebenzisi. Lokhu kungaholela esikhathini eside sokulinda lapho uqala uhlelo lokusebenza, "ama-brake", ukusetshenziswa okunamandla kwe-RAM.

Umehluko omkhulu wemvelo ye-ART

I-ART (i-Android Runtime) yumshini omusha, okwamanje ohlolwayo owethulwe ku-Android 4.4 futhi ungawuvumela kuphela kwimingcele yonjiniyela (izoboniswa ngezansi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani).

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-ART ne-Dalvik yi-AOT (i-Ahead-Of-Time) indlela lapho isebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, okuvame ukuchaza ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe: ngakho-ke ukufakwa kokuqala kwesicelo kuzothatha isikhathi eside, kuzothatha isikhala esiningi kudivayisi yesitoreji se-Android Kodwa-ke, ukuqaliswa kwazo okulandelayo kuzoba ngokushesha (sekuvele kuhlanganisiwe), futhi ukusetshenziswa okuncane kweprojector ne-RAM ngenxa yesidingo sokuvuselelwa kungase kuholele ekusetshenzisweni okuncane amandla.

Yini ngempela engcono, i-ART noma i-Dalvik?

E-intanethi, sekukhona ukuqhathaniswa kakade okungafani nokuthi amadivayisi we-Android asebenza kanjani ezindaweni ezimbili futhi imiphumela ihlukile. Enye yezivivinyo ezinzulu kakhulu futhi eziningiliziwe zifakwe ku-androidpolice.com (isiNgisi):

• ukusebenza ku-ART no-Dalvik,
• ukuphila kwebhethri, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ku-ART naku-Dalvik

Ukufingqa imiphumela, kungashiwo ukuthi ayikho inzuzo ecacile kuleli phuzu ngesikhathi (kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukusebenza ku-ART kuqhubeka, le mvelo isendaweni yokuhlola kuphela) I-ART ayikho: kwezinye izivivinyo ezisebenza ngokusebenzisa le ndawo zibonisa kangcono mayelana nokusebenza, kodwa hhayi kuzo zonke izici zayo), nakwezinye izinzuzo ezikhethekile ezingenakutholwa noma i-Dalvik ngaphambili. Isibonelo, uma sikhuluma ngokuphila kwebhethri, ngakho-ke ngokuphambene nokulindelwe, i-Dalvik ibonisa imiphumela elinganayo ngokulingana ne-ART.

Isiphetho esiphelele sokuhlolwa okuningi - umehluko osobala uma usebenza ne-ART, ukuthi akukho Dalvik. Kodwa-ke, imvelo entsha kanye nendlela esetshenziselwa ngayo kubonakala sengathi ithembise, futhi mhlawumbe ku-Android 4.5 noma ku-Android 5 umehluko onjalo uzobonakala. (Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Google ingenza i-ART ibe imvelo ezenzakalelayo).

Abanye abalingani abaningi bakhomba ukunaka uma unquma ukuvula imvelo ART esikhundleni I-Dalvik - ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zingase zingasebenzi kahle (noma cha nhlobo, isibonelo Whatsapp futhi Titanium Isipele), nokuqalisa kabusha okugcwele I-Android ingathatha imizuzu engu-10-20: okungukuthi, uma uphendukile I-ART nangemva kokuvuselela kabusha ifoni noma ithebhulethi, ifriziwe, linda.

Ungamnika amandla kanjani i-ART ku-Android

Ukuze unike amandla i-ART, kufanele ube nefoni ye-Android noma ithebhulethi nge-OS 4.4.x nakumprosesa we-Snapdragon, isibonelo, i-Nexus 5 noma i-Nexus 7 2013.

Okokuqala udinga ukunika amandla imodi yonjiniyela ku-Android. Ukuze wenze lokhu, iya kuzilungiselelo zedivayisi, iya ku "Ngefoni" (Mayelana nethebhulethi) bese uthepha inkinobho ethi "Yakha inombolo" izikhathi eziningana uze ubone umlayezo owaba unjiniyela.

Emva kwalokho, into ethi "Yabathuthukisi" izovela kuzilungiselelo, futhi lapho - "Khetha indawo", lapho kufanele ufake i-ART esikhundleni se-Dalvik, uma unesifiso esinjalo.