Ku-Windows, kunezinto ezithile ezingenziwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa umugqa womyalo, ngenxa yokuthi bamane abanalo inguqulo ene-graphical interface. Abanye abanye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-graphical version iyatholakala, kungaba lula ukugijima kusuka kumlayini womyalo.
Yiqiniso, ngeke ngikwazi ukuhlonza yonke le miyalo, kodwa ngizozama ukukutshela mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinye zazo engizisebenzisayo.
I-Ipconfig - indlela esheshayo yokuthola ikheli lakho le-IP ku-Inthanethi noma inethiwekhi yendawo
Ungathola i-IP yakho kusuka iphaneli yokulawula noma ngokuvakashela isayithi elihambelanayo kwi-intanethi. Kodwa kuyashesha ukuya emgqeni womyalo bese ufaka umyalo ipconfig. Ngezinketho ezahlukene zokuxhuma kwinethiwekhi, ungathola ulwazi oluhlukile usebenzisa lo myalo.
Ngemva kokungena kuwo, uzobona uhlu lwazo zonke izinethiwekhi zenethiwekhi ezisetshenziswe ikhompyutha yakho:
- Uma ikhompyutha yakho ixhunywe kwi-intanethi nge-Wi-Fi router, khona-ke isango eliyinhloko kuzilungiselelo zokuxhuma ezisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana nomzila (wireless noma Ethernet) ikheli lapho ungangena khona kuzilungiselelo zomzila.
- Uma ikhompuyutha yakho inethiwekhi yendawo (uma ixhunywe kumzila we-router, khona-ke nayo inethiwekhi yendawo), khona-ke ungathola ikheli lakho le-IP kule nethiwekhi kusigaba esifanele.
- Uma ikhompyutha yakho isebenzisa uxhumano lwe-PPTP, L2TP noma i-PPPoE, khona-ke ungabona ikheli lakho le-IP kwi-intanethi kuzilungiselelo zokuxhumeka (noma kunjalo, kungcono ukusebenzisa iwebhusayithi ukucacisa ikheli lakho le-IP kwi-Inthanethi, ngoba kwezinye izilungiselelo ikheli le-IP eliboniswe uma Umyalo we-ipconfig kungenzeka ungahambisani nawo).
ipconfig / flushdns - ukususa i-DNS cache
Uma ushintsha ikheli le-DNS leseva kuzilungiselelo zokuxhumana (isibonelo, ngenxa yezinkinga zokuvula isayithi), noma uhlale ubona iphutha njengo-ERR_DNS_FAIL noma i-ERR_NAME_RESOLUTION_FAILED, khona-ke lo myalo ungase ube usizo. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma ikheli le-DNS lishintsha, iWindows ngeke isebenzise amakheli amasha, kodwa qhubeka usebenzise lawo agcinwe ku-cache. Ithimba ipconfig / flushdns icima igama le-cache ku-Windows.
I-Ping ne-tracert - indlela esheshayo yokukhomba izinkinga kwinethiwekhi
Uma unenkinga yokungena kwisayithi, izilungiselelo ezifanayo zomzila noma ezinye izinkinga ezinenethiwekhi noma i-inthanethi, imiyalo ye-ping ne-tracert ingaba usizo.
Uma ufaka umyalo ping yandex.ru, IWindows izoqala ukuthumela amaphakethe ekhelini le-Yandex, lapho zamukelwa, iseva esilawuli kude izokwazisa ikhompyutha yakho ngakho. Ngakho-ke, ungabona ukuthi amaphakethe afinyelela, yiziphi amaphesenti alahlekile futhi ukuthi ukudluliselwa kwenzeka ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokuvamile lo myalo usebenza kahle uma usebenzisana ne-router, uma, isibonelo, awukwazi ukufaka izilungiselelo zawo.
Ithimba i-tracert ibonisa indlela yamaphakethe adluliselwe ekhelini elikuyo. Ukusebenzisa, isibonelo, ungakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-node yokubambezeleka kokudlulisela okwenzekayo.
netstat -an - ukubonisa wonke uxhumano lwenethiwekhi namachweba
Umyalo we-netstat uyakusiza futhi ikuvumela ukuba ubone izibalo zenethiwekhi ezihlukahlukene kakhulu (uma usebenzisa imingcele yokuqalisa ehlukahlukene). Esinye sezimo zokusebenzisa ezithakazelisayo kunazo zonke ukuqhuba umyalo nge-ukhiye, ovula uhlu lwawo wonke uxhumano lwenethiwekhi oluvulekile kukhompyutha, emachwebeni, kanye namakheli e-IP okude okuvela kuyo ukuxhumana.
telnet ukuxhuma kumaseva we-telnet
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, iklayenti ye-Telnet ayifakiwe ku-Windows, kodwa ungayifaka kuphaneli yokulawula "Izinhlelo nezinhlelo". Ngemuva kwalokho, ungasebenzisa umyalo we-telnet ukuxhuma kuma-server ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma iyiphi isofthiwe yesithathu.
Lezi akuzona zonke imiyalo yaloluhlobo ongayisebenzisa ku-Windows hhayi zonke izinketho zokusetshenziswa kwazo, kungenzeka ukukhipha umphumela womsebenzi wabo ukuze ulayishe amafayela, hhayi emgqeni womyalo, kodwa kusukela ebhokisini lebhokisi le-Run kanye nabanye. Ngakho-ke, uma unesithakazelo ekusetshenzisweni okuphumelelayo kwemiyalelo ye-Windows, futhi akukho nokwanele ulwazi olujwayelekile olwethulwe lapha kubasebenzisi besikhombisi, ngincoma ukuseshela i-Intanethi.
