Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ukuthi iWindows 7 noma iWindows 8 firewall (kanye nanoma iyiphi enye indlela yokusebenza ikhompyutha) kuyinto ebalulekile yokuvikela uhlelo. Kodwa uyazi kahle ukuthi yikuphi nokuthi benzani? Abantu abaningi abazi. Kulesi sihloko ngizozama ukukhuluma ngokuvame ukuthi yini i-firewall (ebizwa ngokuthi i-firewall), kungani idingeka, futhi ngezinye izinto ezihlobene nesihloko. Lesi sihloko senzelwe abasebenzisi be-novice.
Okusemqoka kwe-firewall ukuthi ilawula noma ihlunga yonke imoto (idatha edluliselwa phezu kwenethiwekhi) phakathi kwekhompyutha (noma inethiwekhi yendawo) namanye amanethiwekhi, njenge-Inthanethi, okuyinto evamile kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-firewall, noma yiluphi uhlobo lomgwaqo lungadlula. Lapho i-firewall ivuliwe, ithrekhi yenethiwekhi kuphela evunyelwe imithetho ye-firewall idlula.
Bheka futhi: indlela yokukhubaza iWindows Firewall (ukukhubaza iWindows Firewall kungadingeka ukuthi usebenze noma ufake izinhlelo)
Kungani ku-Windows 7 nezinguqulo ezintsha ze-firewall ziyingxenye yesistimu
I-Firewall ku-Windows 8
Abasebenzisi abaningi namuhla basebenzisa ama-routers ukufinyelela ku-intanethi kusuka kumadivaysi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyinto, eqinisweni, futhi luhlobo lwe-firewall. Uma usebenzisa uxhumano oluqondile lwe-intanethi ngekhebula noma i-DSL modem, ikhompuyutha inikezwa ikheli le-IP lomphakathi, elingatholakala kunoma iyiphi enye ikhompyutha kwinethiwekhi. Noma yimaphi amasevisi enethiwekhi asebenza kukhompuyutha yakho, njengezinsiza zeWindows zokwabelana ngamaphrinta noma amafayela, ideskithophu eqhelile ingahle itholakale kwamanye amakhompyutha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho noma ukhubaza ukufinyeleleka okukude kwezinye izinsizakalo ezithile, usongo loxhumo olunonya lusalokhu luhlala - okokuqala, ngoba umsebenzisi ojwayelekile akacabangi kakhulu ngalokho okusebenza ohlelweni lwakhe lokusebenza lweWindows futhi ulinde uxhumano olungenayo, futhi okwesibili, ngenxa yezinhlobo ezehlukene uhlobo lwezimbobo zokuphepha ezikuvumela ukuba uxhumeke kusevisi eyikude ezimweni lapho kusebenza khona, ngisho noma ukuxhumana okungenayo kuyo kuvunyelwe. I-firewall ayifuni ukuvumela isevisi ukuthi ithumele isicelo esisebenzisa ukukhubazeka.
Inguqulo yokuqala ye-Windows XP, kanye nezinguqulo zangaphambilini ze-Windows aziqukethe i-firewall eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Futhi nje ngokukhululwa kwe-Windows XP, ukusabalaliswa kwendawo yonke kwe-intanethi kuhambisane. Ukuntuleka kwe-firewall ekulethwa kwezidingo, kanye nokufunda okuphansi komsebenzisi ngokuphepha kwe-Inthanethi, kwaholela ekubeni noma iyiphi ikhompyutha exhunywe kwi-intanethi nge-Windows XP ingatheleleka phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa uma kwenzeka izinhloso ezihlosiwe.
I-Windows firewall yokuqala iqaliswe ku-Windows XP Service Pack 2 futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi isibhamu se-firewall sinikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalelayo kuzo zonke izinguqulo zesistimu yokusebenza. Futhi lezo zinsizakalo esizikhulume ngenhla manje zihlukaniswe namanethiwekhi angaphandle, futhi i-firewall ivimbela konke ukuxhumana okungenayo ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwe ngokucacile kuzilungiselelo zomlilo.
Lokhu kuvimbela amanye amakhompyutha avela kwi-Intanethi ukuxhumeka kumasevisi wendawo kwikhompyutha yakho futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ulawula ukufinyelela kumasevisi enethiwekhi kusuka kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu, noma nini lapho uxhuma kwinethiwekhi entsha, iWindows iyabuza uma inethiwekhi yendlu, isebenza noma isesidlangalaleni. Uma uxhuma kwinethiwekhi yekhaya, iWindows Firewall ivumela ukufinyelela kulezi zinsizakalo, futhi uma uxhuma kwinethiwekhi yomphakathi - ivimbela.
Ezinye izici ze-firewall
I-firewall iyisithiyo (ngakho-ke igama elithi firewall - ukusuka ku-English. "I-Wall of Fire") phakathi kwenethiwekhi yangaphandle nekhomputha (noma inethiwekhi yendawo), engaphansi kokuvikelwa kwayo. Isici sokuvikelwa komlilo esiphezulu sasekhaya sivimbela yonke into engadingeki yethrafikhi ye-Inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuwona konke okwenziwe yi-firewall. Uma sicabanga ukuthi i-firewall "iphakathi" kwenethiwekhi kanye nekhompiyutha, ingasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya yonke inethiwekhi yomgwaqo engenayo nephumayo futhi inqume ukuthi yenzeni nayo. Isibonelo, i-firewall ingalungiselelwa ukuvimba uhlobo oluthile lwezimoto eziphumayo, gcina ilogi lomsebenzi wenethiwekhi osolisayo noma wonke uxhumano lwenethiwekhi.
Ku-Windows Firewall, ungahlela imithetho ehlukahlukene ezovumela noma ivimbele izinhlobo ezithile zethrafikhi. Isibonelo, ukuxhumeka okungenayo kungavunyelwa kuphela kusuka kuseva ngekheli elithile le-IP, futhi zonke ezinye izicelo zizonqatshwa (lokhu kungasiza uma udinga ukuxhuma ohlelweni kwikhompyutheni yomsebenzi, nakuba kungcono ukusebenzisa i-VPN).
I-firewall akuyona isofthiwe njalo, njengeWindows Firewall eyaziwayo. Emkhakheni wezinkampani, izinhlelo ze-software ezihlelwe kahle kanye nama-hardware ezenza imisebenzi ye-firewall zingasetshenziswa.
Uma unomzila we-Wi-Fi ekhaya (noma nje u-router), futhi usebenza njengomhlobo we-hardware firewall, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo we-NAT, okuvimbela ukungena kwangaphandle kumakhompyutha nakwamanye amadivayisi axhunyiwe ku-router.
