Ungakha kanjani inethiwekhi yendawo phakathi kwama-computer amabili?

Sawubona

Ngisho neminyaka engu-10-15 eyedlule, ukuba khona kwekhompiyutha kwakuyinto yokunethezeka, manje ngisho nokuba khona kwamakhompyutha amabili (noma ngaphezulu) endlini akumangazi muntu ... Ngokuvamile, zonke izinzuzo ze-PC zivela uma zixhunywe kwinethiwekhi yendawo kanye ne-inthanethi, isibonelo: imidlalo yenethiwekhi, ukwabelana kwediski, ukudluliswa okusheshayo kwamafayela kusuka ku-PC eyodwa kuya kwenye, njll.

Akukatholakali kakhulu ukuthi "nginenhlanhla" ukudala inethiwekhi yendawo yasendaweni phakathi kwamakhompyutha amabili + "ukwabelana" kwi-intanethi kusuka kwikhompyutha eyodwa kuya kwenye. Indlela yokwenza lokhu (ngokusho kwenkumbulo entsha) izoxoxwa kulokhu okuthunyelwe.

1. Ukuxhuma amakhompiyutha omunye nomunye

Into yokuqala okumele uyenze lapho udala inethiwekhi yendawo ukuthi unqume ukuthi uzokwakhiwa kanjani. Inethiwekhi yendawo yasendaweni ngokuvamile iqukethe inombolo encane yamakhompyutha / i-laptops (izingcezu ezingu-2-3). Ngakho-ke, izinketho ezimbili zivame ukusetshenziswa: noma ama-computer axhunyiwe ngqo ngekhebula elikhethekile; noma sebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile - i-router. Cabanga ngezici zento ngayinye.

Ukuxhuma amakhompyutha "ngokuqondile"

Lolu khetho luyinto elula futhi ephansi kakhulu (ngokwezindleko zemishini). Ungakwazi ukuxhuma ama-computer amathathu (laptops) ngomunye nomunye ngalendlela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma okungenani i-PC eyodwa ixhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, ungavumela ukufinyelela kuwo wonke amanye ama-PC kuleyo nethiwekhi.

Yini edingekayo ukudala uxhumano olunjalo?

1. Ikhebula (elibizwa ngokuthi ihlangothi eliphikisiwe) yisikhathi esincane kunomkhawulo phakathi kwama-PC axhunyiwe. Ngcono nakakhulu, uma uthenga ngokushesha ikhebula elicindezelweyo esitolo - isb. kakade nezixhumanisi zokuxhuma ekhadini lenethiwekhi yekhomputha (uma uzozigebenga, ngincoma ukufunda:

Ngendlela, udinga ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi ikhebula liyadingeka ukuxhuma ikhompyutha kukhompyutha (cross-connect). Uma uthatha ikhebula ukuxhuma ikhompyutha ku-router - bese uyisebenzisa ngokuxhuma ama-PC amabili - le nethiwekhi ngeke isebenze!

2. Ikhompyutha ngayinye kufanele ibe nekhadi lenethiwekhi (itholakala kuwo wonke ama-PCs / laptops yanamuhla).

3. Empeleni, yilokho kuphela. Izindleko zingaphansi, isibonelo, ikhebula esitolo sokuxhuma ama-PC amabili kungathengwa ngamarubleki angu-200-300; Amakhadi enethiwekhi akhona kuwo wonke ama-PC.

Ihlala kuphela ukuxhuma i-cable 2 unit unit futhi uvule kokubili amakhompyutha ukuze uthole izilungiselelo ezengeziwe. Ngendlela, uma enye ye-PC ixhunyiwe kwi-Intanethi ngekhadi le-inethiwekhi, kuzodingeka usebenzise ikhadi lesikhamera yesibili - ukuyisebenzisa ukuxhuma i-PC kwinethiwekhi yendawo.

Izinzuzo zalolu khetho:

- eshibhile;

- indalo esheshayo;

- ukusetha okulula;

- ukwethembeka kwenethiwekhi enjalo;

- ijubane eliphezulu lapho wabelana ngamafayela.

Umthengi:

- izintambo ezengeziwe ezungeze indlu;

- ukuze ube nokufinyelela kwe-Intanethi - i-PC eyinhloko exhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kufanele ivuliwe ngaso sonke isikhathi;

- ukungakwazi ukufinyelela kumadivayisi eselula wenethiwekhi *.

Ukwakha inethiwekhi yekhaya usebenzisa router

I-router ibhokisi elincane elilula kakhulu ukudala inethiwekhi yendawo nendawo uxhumano lwe-intanethi kuwo wonke amadivayisi endlini.

Kwanele ukulungisa i-router kanye - futhi wonke amadivaysi azokwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha kwinethiwekhi yendawo futhi afinyelele ku-Inthanethi. Manje ezitolo ungathola inombolo enkulu yama-routers, ngincoma ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko:

Amakhompiyutha aqoshiwe axhunyiwe ku-router ngekhebula (ngokuvamile ikhebula eli-1 lihlala ligcwele izibopho ne-router), ama-laptops namadivayisi eselula axhuma ku-router nge-Wi-Fi. Indlela yokuxhuma i-PC ku-router ingatholakala kulesi sihloko (usebenzisa isibonelo se-D-Link router).

Inhlangano yenethiwekhi enjalo ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kule ngqikithi:

Izinzuzo:

- once usethe router, futhi ukufinyelela Internet kuyoba kuwo wonke amadivaysi;

- ayikho izintambo ezengeziwe;

- izilungiselelo zokufinyeleleka kwe-Intanethi eziguquguqukayo zamadivayisi ahlukene.

Umthengi:

- izindleko ezengeziwe zokuthola i-router;

- akuwona wonke ama-routers (ikakhulukazi esiteshini samanani aphansi) anganikeza ngesivinini esikhulu kunethiwekhi yendawo;

- abasebenzisi abanolwazi abanalo ulwazi akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukulungisa leyo divayisi.

2. Ukusetha inethiwekhi yendawo ku-Windows 7 (8)

Ngemuva kokuthi amakhompiyutha axhumeke kunoma yikuphi okukhethwa kukho (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi axhumene nomzila noma ngqo) - udinga ukulungisa iWindows ukuqedela umsebenzi wenethiwekhi yendawo. Ake sibonise ngesibonelo se-Windows 7 OS (i-OS ethandwa kakhulu namuhla, ku-Windows 8, ukulungiselelwa okufanayo + ongazijwayeza

Ngaphambi kokusibekela kunconywa ukukhubaza izibhamu kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela unqulo wesi arab.

2.1 Uma uxhunywe nge-router

Uma uxhunywe nge-router - inethiwekhi yendawo, ezimweni eziningi, ihlelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wehlisiwe ukusetha router uqobo. Amamodeli adumile asevele ahlakaziwe kumakhasi ebhulogi ngaphambili, nansi ezinye izixhumanisi ngezansi.

Ukusetha i-router:

- ZyXel,

- TRENDnet,

- D-Link,

- TP-Link.

Ngemuva kokusetha i-router, ungaqala ukusetha i-OS. Futhi kanjalo ...

1. Ukusetha i-groupgroup negama le-PC

Okokuqala okumele ukwenze ukusetha igama eliyingqayizivele kwikhompyutha ngayinye kwinethiwekhi yendawo bese usethe igama elifanayo kumsebenzi weqembu.

Isibonelo:

1) Inombolo yekhompyutha 1

Iqembu Elisebenzayo: WORKGROUP

Igama: Comp1

2) Inombolo yekhompyutha 2

Iqembu Elisebenzayo: WORKGROUP

Igama: Comp2

Ukuze ushintshe igama le-PC neqembu lokusebenzela, iya kuphaneli yokulawula kuleli kheli elilandelayo: Iphaneli Yokulawula Uhlelo Nokuphepha Uhlelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngakwesobunxele bekholomu, khetha ukhetho "imingcele yezinhlelo ezengeziwe", kufanele ubone iwindi lapho udinga ukushintsha imingcele edingekayo.

2. Ifayela nekwabelana ngephrinta

Uma ungenzi lesi sinyathelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimaphi amafolda namafayela owabelana ngawo, akekho ongakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo.

Ukuze unike amandla ukwabelana kwamaphrinta namafolda, iya kuphaneli yokulawula bese uvula isigaba "Inethiwekhi Nenethiwekhi".

Okulandelayo, udinga ukuya ku- "Inethiwekhi Nokwabelana Ngesikhungo".

Manje chofoza "ukushintsha okukhethwa kukho okukhethwa kukho okukhethwa" kwikholomu lesobunxele.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uvele amaphrofayili amaningana 2-3 (ku-skrini engezansi amaphrofayli amabili: "Ikhaya noma Umsebenzi" no "Okujwayelekile"). Kuzo zombili amaphrofayela, kufanele uvumele ifayela kanye nokwabelana kwephrinta + kukhubaza ukuvikelwa kwephasiwedi. Bheka ngezansi.

Ngemuva kokwenza izilungiselelo, chofoza "gcina izinguquko" bese uqala kabusha ikhompyutha.

3. Wabelana ngamafolda abelwe ngawo

Manje, ukuze usebenzise amafayela womunye ikhompuyutha, kubalulekile ukuthi amafolda wabelana ngawo kuwo (wabelane ngawo).

Yenza kube lula kakhulu - kokuchofoza kuka-2-3 negundane. Vula umhloli futhi uchofoze ngakwesokudla kwifolda esifuna ukuyivula. Emenyu yomongo, khetha "Ukwabelana - iqembu lasekhaya (funda)".

Khona-ke kuzohlala ukulinda cishe imizuzwana engu-10-15 futhi ifolda izovela kusizinda somphakathi. Ngendlela, ukubona wonke amakhompyutha enethiwekhi yasendlini - chofoza inkinobho ethi "Inethiwekhi" engxenyeni yesokunxele yomhloli (i-Windows 7, 8).

2.2 Uma uxhuma ngqo + ukwabelana nge-inthanethi kwi-PC yesibili

Ngokuyinhloko, iningi lezinyathelo zokulungisa inethiwekhi yendawo izofana kakhulu nenguqulo yangaphambilini (uma ixhunywe nge-router). Ukuze ungaphindi izinyathelo eziphindaphindiwe, ngizofaka uphawu kubakaki.

1. Hlela igama lekhompiyutha kanye neqembu lokusebenzela (ngokufanayo, bheka ngenhla).

2. Setha ifayela kanye nokwabelana kwephrinta (ngokufanayo, bheka ngaphezulu).

3. Ukuhlela Amakheli IP kanye Gateways

Ukusetha kuzodingeka kwenziwe kumakhompyutha amabili.

Inombolo yekhompyutha 1.

Ake siqale ukusetha ngekhomputha enkulu exhunyiwe kwi-Intanethi. Yiya kuphaneli yokulawula ku: Inethiwekhi Yokulawula Inethiwekhi Inethiwekhi I-Network Connections (Windows 7 OS). Ngokuqhubekayo sihlanganisa "uxhumano kwinethiwekhi yendawo" (igama lingase lihluke).

Bese uya ezizindeni zalokhu kuxhumano. Okulandelayo sithola ohlwini "Inthanethi Protocol 4 (TCP / IPv4)" bese uya ezindaweni zayo.

Bese ufaka:

ip - 192.168.0.1,

I-subnet mass yi-255.255.255.0.

Londoloza bese uphuma.

Inombolo yekhompyutha 2

Iya kwesigaba sesethingi: Inethiwekhi Yokulawula Inethiwekhi Nenethiwekhi Ukuxhumeka Kwenethiwekhi (Windows 7, 8). Setha imingcele elandelayo (efana nezilungiselelo zenombolo yekhompyutha 1, bheka ngenhla).

ip - 192.168.0.2,

mass subnet kuyinto 255.255.255.0.,

okuzenzakalelayo isango -192.168.0.1
Iseva ye-DNS - 192.168.0.1.

Londoloza bese uphuma.

4. Ukwabelana nge-intanethi yekhompyutha yesibili

Kukhomputha enkulu exhunywe kwi-inthanethi (inombolo yekhompyutha 1, bheka ngenhla), iya ohlwini lokuxhumana (Inethiwekhi Yokulawula Inethiwekhi Inethiwekhi Yexhumano).

Okulandelayo, iya ezakhiweni zokuxhumeka okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi.

Khona-ke, kuthebhu "yokungena", sivumela abanye abasebenzisi benethiwekhi ukuba basebenzise lolu xhumano kwi-intanethi. Bona umfanekiso wesithombe ngezansi.

Londoloza bese uphuma.

5. Ukuvula (ukwabelana) kokufinyelela okwabelwana kumafolda (bona ngenhla esigatshaneni lapho uhlela inethiwekhi yendawo uma uxhuma nge-router).

Yilokho kuphela. Zonke izilungiselelo ze-LAN eziphumelelayo futhi ezisheshayo.