Ukudluliselwa kwamaphakethe wezinga lenethiwekhi kwenziwa ngedivayisi ekhethekile - i-router, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-router. Ikhebula elivela kumhlinzeki namakhompyutha we-inethiwekhi yasendlini ixhunyiwe kumachweba ahambelanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi obukuvumela ukuba uxhume kwi-Inthanethi ngaphandle kwezintambo. Imishini yenethiwekhi efakwe endlini ihlanganisa bonke ababambiqhaza kwinethiwekhi eyodwa yendawo.
Njengoba ubona, idivaysi enjalo cishe iyisakhi esibaluleke kakhulu ekuhleleni ukufinyelela kwe-intanethi, ngakho-ke wonke umsebenzisi kufanele abe nayo. Isihloko sethu samanje sizinikele ekukhethweni kwale divayisi. Sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani okukhethwa kukho.
Ukukhetha i-router ekhaya
Wonke ama-routers ahlukile - anezici ezinezici ezihlukahlukene, unenani elithile lamaports, amakhono angakhelwe ngaphakathi ekuthuthukiseni nasekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yesignali. Kubasebenzisi abangakabi ne-router, sincoma ukuba uqhubekele ngokushesha ezigabeni ezichaza izici eziyinhloko. Kulabo asebevele benesidingo esinjalo ekhaya futhi banemibuzo mayelana nokuyithatha indawo, siye salungiselela izici eziningana zokunquma imishini yokunyamalala:
- Kufanele uqalise kabusha router okungenani kanye ngesonto noma kaningi kaningi. Kwenzeka ukuthi le divayisi imane nje iyenqaba ukusebenza, futhi lokhu kubangelwa ezimweni eziningi ukuba ilayishwe ngokweqile. Isiza ukulayisha ukuvala kwayo okujwayelekile bese uqala kabusha ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa. Kukhona ukulayisha ngokweqile ngenxa yokugeleza kwedatha enkulu, ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye zedivayisi aziphilisi nje ukudluliselwa kwevolumu enjalo futhi zihluleka ukusebenza.
Khona-ke kuzoba kubi nakakhulu, ngoba ilungu ngalinye lomndeni linalo idivayisi noma i-PC yeselula, nabo bafinyelela ku-Inthanethi futhi babukele, isibonelo, ividiyo kwikhwalithi ye-FullHD. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka njalo ukuqala kabusha - isizathu sokuqala sokucabanga ngokususa.
- I-router ayiqedi amanye amanethiwekhi. Vele uvule uhlu lwezingxoxo ze-Wi-Fi ezitholakalayo ukuthola inombolo eminingi yamanethiwekhi lapho, ikakhulu uma uhlala esakhiweni sefulethini. Njengomthetho, amadivayisi amaningi asebenza ku-2.4 GHz, sizothinta ngalesi sihloko ngemininingwane eminingana kamuva. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubonakala ukuthi ikhwalithi yesignali iyoba namandla kakhulu komzila ophethe ama-antenna angcono kakhulu. Uma ubhekene nenkinga enjalo futhi uqonde ukuthi isibonakaliso se-Wi-Fi semishini yakho sinamandla buthakathaka, bheka ezinye izinhlobonhlobo ezinezintambo ezithuthukisiwe.
- Isivinini somzila. Manje emadolobheni, i-Intanethi isivele ijwayelekile ngejubane lika-100 MB / s. Ngokuqhubekayo, abasebenzisi bazixhuma kanye namazinga ka-1 GB / s, futhi lokhu kuvamile izikhathi eziyishumi. Uma uqhuba i-intanethi, yebo, i-wiring kanye nengxenye yenguquko yemishini yenethiwekhi, noma kunjalo, abasebenzisi abaningi bashiya i-router yabo endala, yilokho okubangela ukulayisha ngaphezulu. Awukwazi ukubhekana nokusakaza okunjalo kwedatha futhi unikeza isivinini esingaphansi kakhulu kunalokho okushiwo umhlinzeki.
Yiqiniso, abahlinzeki abaningi be-intanethi abahlinzeki ngezinkomba ezibekiwe, kodwa uma uthola ukungafani okungaphezu kwezingu-30% ngokuhlolwa kwejubane, isibonelo, usebenzisa isevisi yethu, udinga ukuthenga router enamandla ukuze ubhekane nomthwalo wokusebenza obekwe kuso.
Ukuhlolwa kwejubane le-Inthanethi
Manje, lapho sicabanga ukuthi siyothenga idivayisi entsha, yisikhathi sokutshela ukuthi yini okufanele siyibuke lapho sikhetha idivayisi enjalo nokuthi yiziphi izici ezithatha isinqumo.
Bheka futhi: I-router iyanciphisa ijubane: sixazulula inkinga
I-Wi-Fi
Manje cishe wonke umsebenzisi unama-laptops amaningana, amaphilisi nama-smartphones ekhaya, futhi ukutholakala kwamakhomphyutha okumila kaningi akudluli owodwa. Ngakho-ke, into yokuqala okudingeka uyiqaphele lapho ukhetha i-router yi-Wi-Fi. Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu eziqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu kungabonakala:
- Inani lama-antenna. Uma ijubane le-intanethi lingadluli ku-70 MB / s, kuyoba imishini eyanele ene-antenna eyodwa yangaphandle. Noma kunjalo, ngesivinini esikhulu, inombolo yabo kufanele ibe kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kanye nokuqondisa kwe-antenna yangaphandle kuthinta lonke ukungena kanye nekhwalithi yesignali.
- Umsebenzi we-band owodwa. Inombolo enkulu yama routers amasha angasebenza kumaqembu amabili. Ngezilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo, iphuzu lakho lokufinyelela elingenazintambo lizosebenza ku-2.4 GHz, ngokuvamile lesi siteshi sigcwele ngokweqile nezinye izixhumanisi. Uma uya kumvamisa we-5 GHz, uzothola isikhala esikhululekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uhla lwesibili lunomthamo wokungena ophansi, yingakho amanethiwekhi angenantambo angenawo indlu noma indlu, ngaleyo ndlela uvumela i-Wi-Fi yakho ukuthi isebenze kangcono.
- I-standard 802.11ac. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ikhwalithi entsha ye-Wi-Fi yobuchwepheshe ebizwa ngokuthi i-802.11ac ikhishwe. Ngiyambonga, ijubane lokudluliswa kwedatha ngenethiwekhi engenazintambo liphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhetha i-router, sincoma ukuthi sinake lesi sici.
- Ukubethela Uhlelo lokuphepha olungenazintambo lusekelwe ezinkambisweni eziningana zokubethela. Noma kunjalo, ngokusebenza kwabo okulungile, kuyadingeka ukuthi idivayisi yokuthola isekela ukusebenza nohlobo lokubethela olusetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke, sikukwazisa ukuba unake lezo zindlela onikezwe ngazo inombolo enkulu yezivumelwano. Okuyinhloko yi: WEP, WPA / WPA2, WPS ne-QSS.
Bheka futhi: Khulisa ijubane le-intanethi nge-Wi-Fi router
Ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe
Ukusebenza kwemishini yenethiwekhi kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezifakiwe kuwo. Uma ukhetha imodeli yokuthenga, kubalulekile ukucubungula izingxenye eziningana eziyisisekelo kakhulu:
- Imemori ye-Ram I-RAM (RAM) inesibopho sokugcina nokudlulisa amaphakethe wedatha. Uma ivolumu yayo ifakiwe ngaphezulu kule divayisi, umsebenzi wakhe uzoba ozinzile. Sincoma i-router, inani le-RAM elingekho ngaphansi kuka-64 MB.
- Imemori ye-ROM. I-firmware kanye nesofthiwe yokulawula i-router zigcinwa kwimemori ye-flash (ROM). Ngakho-ke, okukhudlwana, i-software efakiwe ehambisana nalokhu iyacatshangelwa. Usayizi ophakanyisiwe we-ROM uqala ngo-32 MB.
- Iprosesa ephakathi I-CPU yenza umsebenzi wokucutshungulwa kolwazi futhi ngokuvamile ibhekene nakho konke ukusebenza kwedivayisi. Amandla ayo kulinganiswa ku-MHz. Inani elilungile lingu-300, kodwa okhethweni olungcono kakhulu kungaba yinkqubo ephethe amandla angaphezu kuka-500 MHz.
Izixhumi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi
Ngokujwayelekile, wonke amapayipi avela ku-router atholakala ohlangothini oluhlangothini noma emuva. Ake sibheke ngamunye wabo futhi sibone ukuthi yiziphi izibopho zabo:
- I-WAN. Ngokuvamile, idivayisi ifakwe eyodwa kuphela isikhangisi. Ixhuma kwikhebula kumhlinzeki, ihlinzeka uxhumano kwinethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona i-WAN eyengeziwe, ngokuvamile kaningi kuma-ASUS onobuhle. Isixazululo esinjalo siyadingeka ukuze ulinganise umthwalo futhi ulahle amawashi. Okusho ukuthi, uma uxhumano olulodwa luhluleka, lo router uzoshintshela ngokuzenzakalelayo kukhokhelo lokusekelayo.
- I-LAN - Amaports amakhulu lapho amakhompyutha axhunyiwe ngezintambo zenethiwekhi, ekwakheni inethiwekhi yendawo. Ngokwezilinganiso zedivayisi kunama-connectors anjalo angu-4, noma kunjalo, uma kunesidingo, ungathola kalula onobuhle ngenani elikhulu.
- Usb Ngokuqhubekayo, kutholakala amathrekhi oyedwa noma amabili e-routers amasha. Ngabo kukhona uxhumano lwezinkinobho ze-flash, imishini yangaphandle eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi isekela imodemu ye-3G / 4G. Endabeni yokusebenzisa i-modem ngenxa yomshuwalense, amathuba angeziwe avulekile, isibonelo, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha okungenawaya kanye nokuguqulwa okuzenzekelayo kumodi yokulinda.
Ukubukeka
Yiqiniso, ukubonakala kwemishini yenethiwekhi kushaya kuqala, kodwa lokhu akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu ukucabanga ngayo lapho ukhetha umshini. Ngezinye izikhathi abakhiqizi abafaki ama-antenna angaphandle ku-router ngenxa ye-design minimalist enhle, kodwa kunezimo ezimbi kule nkinga. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuba khona kwama-antenna anjalo kwenza iphuzu lokufinyelela elingenazintambo lizinzile. Azikho izincomo zokubukeka, khetha imodeli ngokusekelwe kokuthandayo.
Kulokhu, isihloko sethu sifinyelela esiphethweni esinengqondo. Asizange sicele abakhiqizi abathile, ngoba cishe ngamunye wabo wenza amadivaysi afanayo, ahlukile kwezinye izinto ezincane ezengeziwe nokubukeka. Uma ukhetha i-router, unake izibuyekezo zabathengi bangempela, ukuze ungabhekana nezinkinga ezingenzeka.
