Namuhla, noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza alubhekwa njengengqikithi, uma lingenayo imodi eminingi yomsebenzisi. Kanjalo i-Linux. Ngaphambili ku-OS kwakunezingqikithi ezintathu kuphela ezisemqoka ezilawula amalungelo okufinyelela omsebenzisi ngamunye othize, ufunda, ukubhala nokukwenziwa ngokuqondile. Kodwa-ke, emva kwesikhashana, abathuthukisi baqaphela ukuthi lokhu kwakunganele futhi wadala amaqembu akhethekile abasebenzisi bale OS. Ngosizo lwabo, abantu abaningana bayakwazi ukuthola ithuba lokusebenzisa imithombo efanayo.
Izindlela zokwengeza abasebenzisi kumaqembu
Ngokuqinisekile noma yikuphi umsebenzisi angakhetha iqembu eliyinhloko, elizoba iqembu eliyinhloko, namaqembu ohlangothini, angakwazi ukujoyina kuyo ngentando. Kufanelekile ukuchaza le mibono emibili:
- Iqembu eliyisisekelo (eliyisisekelo) lidalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokubhaliswa ku-OS. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Umsebenzisi unelungelo lokuba kwelinye iqembu eliyisisekelo, igama elivame ukunikezwa ngokusho igama lomsebenzisi langenisiwe.
- Amaqembu ohlangothini angakhetha futhi angashintsha ngesikhathi somsebenzi wekhompyutha. Noma kunjalo, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi inani lamacembu ahlangothini alinganiselwe futhi alinakudlula 32.
Manje sizobheka indlela esingasebenzisana ngayo namaqembu omsebenzisi kuma-Linux distributions.
Indlela 1: Izinhlelo nge-interface esibonakalayo
Ngeshwa, ayikho uhlelo lokugcina olunezinhlelo zokufaka amaqembu amasha omsebenzisi kuma-Linux. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlelo oluhlukile lusetshenziselwa igobolondo ngalinye lomfanekiso ngamunye.
I-KUser ye KDE
Ukwengeza abasebenzisi abasha eqenjini ekusakazeni kwe-Linux ne-GUI yedeskithophu ye KDE, sebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Kuser, oluzofakwa kukhompyutha ngokubhalela "Isikhumbuzo" umyalo:
sudo apt-get install kuser
futhi ucindezele ukhiye Ngena.
Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lunesikhombimsebenzisi sokuqala esilungele ukusebenza. Ukwengeza umsebenzisi eqenjini, kumele uqale uchofoze kabili egameni lakhe, bese kuthi, ewindini ebonakalayo, iya kuthebhu "Amaqembu" bese uphazamisa labo ofuna ukufaka umsebenzisi okhethiwe.
"Umphathi Womsebenzisi" we-Gnome 3
Ngokuqondene neGnome, ukuphatha amaqembu cishe kufana. Udinga kuphela ukufaka uhlelo olufanele, olufana nolunye odlule. Ake sicabangele isibonelo sokusakaza kwe-CentOS.
Ukufaka "Umphathi Womsebenzisi", udinga ukugijima umyalo:
sudo yum ufake uhlelo-abasebenzisi be-config
Ukuvula iwindi lohlelo, uzobona:
Ukuze uthole umsebenzi oqhubekayo, kufanele uchofoze kabili igama lomsebenzisi futhi ubheke ithebhu ebizwa "Amaqembu"ivuliwe ewindini elisha. Kulesi sigaba, ungakhetha amaqembu akuthandayo. Ukwenza lokhu, vele ubhalele labo ozithandayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhetha noma ushintshe iqembu eliyinhloko:
"Abasebenzisi namaqembu" wobumbano
Njengoba ungabona, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezingenhla akufani. Nokho, i-GUI Yobumbano, esetshenziselwa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Ubuntu futhi kuyi-creative creators siqu, ukuphathwa kwamaqembu omsebenzisi kuhluke kakhulu. Kodwa konke ngokuhlelekile.
Okokuqala faka uhlelo oludingekayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo, ngemuva kokusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ku "Isikhumbuzo":
I-sudo ifaka ukufaka i-gnome-system-amathuluzi
Uma ufuna ukwengeza noma ukususa elinye lamaqembu akhona noma umsebenzisi, iya kumenyu enkulu bese uchofoza inkinobho "Ukuphathwa kweqembu" (1). Ngemuva kokuthi wenze lokhu, iwindi lizovela. "Izinketho zeqembu"lapho ungabona uhlu lwawo wonke amaqembu atholakalayo ohlelweni:
Ukusebenzisa inkinobho "Izakhiwo" (2) Ungakhetha kalula iqembu lakho ozithandayo bese ungeze abasebenzisi kuyo, ngokumane ubalahle.
Indlela 2: Isikhumbuzo
Ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa i-terminal ukufaka abasebenzisi abasha kuma-Linux based based systems, ngoba le ndlela inikeza izinketho eziningi. Ngalesi sizathu, umyalo usetshenzisiwe.usermod- kuzokuvumela ukuba ushintshe imingcele yakho ukunambitheka kwakho. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, inzuzo engokoqobo yokusebenza nayo "Isikhumbuzo" yi-ultimatum yayo - imfundo ivamile kuwo wonke ama-distributions.
I-Syntax
I-syntax yomyalo ayinzima futhi ihlanganisa izici ezintathu:
I-syntax yokukhethwa kwe-usermod
Izinketho
Manje sizocabangela kuphela izinketho eziyisisekelo zethimba.usermodokuvumela ukuthi ungeze abasebenzisi abasha kumaqembu. Nasi uhlu lwazo:
- -g - ikuvumela ukuba usethe iqembu elithile eliyisisekelo lomsebenzisi, noma kunjalo, iqembu elinjalo kufanele libe selivele likhona, futhi wonke amafayela eqondisweni lwemakhaya azodluliselwa kuleli qembu ngokuzenzakalelayo.
- -G - amaqembu akhethekile engeziwe;
- -a - ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe umsebenzisi kusuka eqenjini lokukhetha -G bese uyifaka kwamanye amaqembu akhethiwe ngaphandle kokungena esikhundleni samanje;
Yiqiniso, inani lezinketho eziningi kakhulu, kepha sibheka kuphela lezo ezingadingeka ukuqedela umsebenzi.
Izibonelo
Manje siphenduka ukuze sisebenzise futhi sithathe isibonelo usebenzisa umyalousermod. Isibonelo, udinga ukungeza abasebenzisi abasha eqenjini. sudo linuxokuyinto kuyokwanela ukukhipha umyalo olandelayo ku "Isikhumbuzo":
sudo usermod -a -G isondo lomsebenzisi
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela iqiniso lokuthi uma ungafaki ukhetho kusuka kwi-syntax -a futhi ushiye kuphela -G, khona-ke insizakalo izobhubhisa ngokuzenzakalelayo wonke lawo maqembu owadala ngaphambilini, futhi lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni engenakuqhathaniswa.
Cabangela isibonelo esilula. Usula iqembu lakho elikhona isondoengeza umsebenzisi ukuya eqenjini diskKodwa-ke, ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka ukuthi usethe kabusha iphasiwedi, futhi ngeke usakwazi ukusebenzisa amalungelo owabiwe ngaphambilini.
Ukuhlola ulwazi lomsebenzisi, ungasebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
umsebenzisi we-id
Emva kwakho konke okwenzile, uzokwazi ukubona ukuthi iqembu elengeziwe liye lafakwa, futhi wonke amaqembu akhona ahlale ekhona. Uma kwenzeka uhlela ukwengeza amaqembu amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, udinga kuphela ukuwahlukanisa nge-comma.
sudo usermod -a -G amadiski, umsebenzisi we-vboxusers
Ekuqaleni, lapho udala, iqembu eliyinhloko lomsebenzisi libizwa ngegama lakhe, kodwa uma ufisa, ungayishintsha kunoma ubani oyithandayo, isibonelo, abasebenzisi:
sudo usermod -g abasebenzisi umsebenzisi
Ngakho ubona ukuthi igama leqembu eliyinhloko liye lashintsha. Izinketho ezifanayo zingasetshenziswa esimweni sokwengeza abasebenzisi abasha eqenjini sudo linuxusebenzisa umyalo olula umsebenzisi.
Isiphetho
Kusukela ngenhla, kungagcizelela ukuthi kunezinketho eziningi zokwengeza umsebenzisi eqenjini le-Linux, futhi ngamunye ulungile ngendlela yawo. Isibonelo, uma ungumsebenzisi ongenalwazi noma ufuna ukuwuqeda ngokushesha futhi kalula umsebenzi, khona-ke okukhethwa kukho kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlelo nge-interface esibonakalayo. Uma unqume ukwenza izinguquko ezinkulu emaqenjini, ke ngalezi zinhloso okufanele usebenzise "Isikhumbuzo" neqembuusermod.
