Kule ncwadi, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo okufanele ukwenze uma i-intanethi ingasebenzi kukhompyutha nge-Windows 10, 8 ne-Windows 7 ezimweni ezehlukene: i-intanethi yanyamalala futhi yayeka ukuxhuma ngaphandle kwekhebula lomhlinzeki noma nge-router, yeka ukusebenza kuphela kwisiphequluli noma izinhlelo ezithile, isebenza endala, kodwa ayisebenzi ku-computer entsha kwezinye izimo.
Qaphela: Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami kusikisela ukuthi cishe ngamaphesenti angu-5 amacala (futhi lokhu akuncane kakhulu) isizathu sokuthi i-intanethi ivele ivele isebenze ngomlayezo "Awuxhunyiwe. Akukho ukuxhumeka okutholakalayo" endaweni yesaziso futhi "Ikhebula lenethiwekhi alixhunyiwe" ku- Uhlu lokuxhumeka lubonisa ukuthi ikhebula le-LAN alixhunyiwe ngempela: hlola futhi uxhumane kabusha (ngisho noma kubukeka kungekho zinkinga) ikhebula kusuka kokubili ohlangothini lwesikhangisi sekhadi le-computer kanye ne-LAN isixhumi ku-router uma ixhunyiwe kuyo.
I-intanethi ayiyona isiphequluli kuphela
Ngizoqala ngesinye sezimo ezivame kakhulu: i-intanethi ayisebenzi kusiphequluli, kodwa i-Skype nezinye izithunywa ezisheshayo ziyaqhubeka nokuxhumeka ku-inthanethi, iklayenti lesifufula, i-Windows ingahlola izibuyekezo.
Ngokujwayelekile, esimweni esinjalo, isithonjana sokuxhumeka endaweni yesaziso sibonisa ukuthi kukhona ukufinyeleleka kwe-inthanethi, nakuba empeleni lokhu akunjalo.
Izizathu kulokhu zingase zibe izinhlelo ezingafuneki kukhompyutha, izilungiselelo zokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi zishintshile, izinkinga ngamaseva e-DNS, ngezinye izikhathi isuswe unqulo wesi arab ngokungalungile noma isibuyekezo se-Windows ("isibuyekezo esikhulu" ku-terminology ye-Windows 10) ne-antivirus efakiwe.
Ngacabanga ngalesi simo ngokuningiliziwe kwimbhalo ehlukile: Amasayithi awavuli, kodwa i-Skype isebenza, ichaza ngezindlela ezilula zokulungisa inkinga.
Ukuhlola uxhumano lwenethiwekhi yendawo (Ethernet)
Uma ukhetho lokuqala lungangifani nesimo sakho, khona-ke ngincoma ukwenza izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukuhlola uxhumano lwakho lwe-intanethi:
- Iya ohlwini lwe-Windows uxhumano, lokhu ungacindezela okhiye be-Win + R ekhibhodi, faka ncpa.cpl bese ucindezela u-Enter.
- Uma isimo sokuxhumeka "Sikhutshaziwe" (isithonjana segrey), chofoza ngakwesokudla kuso bese ukhetha "Xhuma."
- Uma ngabe isimo sokuxhumeka singu "Inethiwekhi Engaziwa", bheka imiyalo ethi "Ye-Windows 7 Network" engaziwa "ne-Intanethi ye-Windows 10 Network".
- Uma ubona umlayezo wokuthi ikhebula leNethiwekhi alixhunyiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi awuxhunyiwe ngempela noma uxhunyiwe kabi ngekhadi lenethiwekhi noma router. Kungaba yinkinga engxenyeni yomhlinzeki (uma nje umshini ungasetshenziswa) noma ukusebenza kabi kom router.
- Uma kungekho uxhumano lwe-Ethernet ohlwini (Indawo Yendawo Yokuxhumeka), cishe uzothola isigaba ekufakeni abashayeli bezinethiwekhi zenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi ngemuva kwesikhathi kubhukwana.
- Uma isimo sokuxhumeka "sivamile" futhi igama lenethiwekhi liboniswa (Inethiwekhi 1, 2, njll noma igama lenethiwekhi elichaziwe kum router), kodwa i-Intanethi ayisebenzi, zama izinyathelo ezichazwe ngezansi.
Masiyeke endaweni engu-6 - uxhumano lwenethiwekhi lendawo lubonisa ukuthi konke kujwayelekile (kuvuliwe, kukhona igama lenethiwekhi), kodwa ayikho inthanethi (lokhu kungase kuhambisane nomlayezo "Ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwe-intanethi" futhi uphawu olumnyama oluseduze kwesithonjana soxhumano endaweni yesaziso) .
Ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi yasendaweni kusebenza, kodwa ayikho inthanethi (ngaphandle kokufinyelela ku-intanethi)
Esikhathini lapho uxhumano lwekhebula lusebenza khona, kodwa alukho i-intanethi, izimbangela eziningana ezivamile zenkinga kungenzeka:
- Uma uxhuma nge-router: kukhona okungahambi kahle ngekhebula ku-port ye-WAN (Inthanethi) ku-router. Hlola konke ukuxhumana kwekhebula.
- Futhi, ngesimo nge-router: izilungiselelo zokuxhumanisa i-intanethi ku-router zalahleka, hlola (bheka Ukulungisa i-router). Ngisho noma ngabe izilungiselelo zilungile, hlola isimo sokuxhumeka ku-interface esibonakalayo se-router (uma kungenjalo, ngakho ngenxa yesizathu esithile akunakwenzeka ukusungula uxhumano, mhlawumbe ngenxa yephuzu lesithathu).
- Ukuntuleka okwesikhashana ukufinyelela kwe-intanethi ngumhlinzeki - lokhu akukwenzeka kaningi, kepha kwenzeka. Kulesi simo, i-intanethi ngeke itholakale kwamanye amadivayisi ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi efanayo (hlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini), ngokuvamile inkinga ishintshwe phakathi nosuku.
- Izinkinga ngezilungiselelo zokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi (ukufinyelela kwe-DNS, izilungiselelo zeseva proxy, izilungiselelo ze-TCP / IP). Izixazululo zalesi sihloko zichazwe kusihloko esilandulwe ngenhla. Amasayithi awavuli futhi e-athikili ehlukile I-Inthanethi ayisebenzi ku-Windows 10.
Into ye-4 yalezo zenzo ongazama kuqala:
- Iya ohlwini lokuxhumana, uchofoze ngakwesokudla uxhumano lwe-intanethi - "Izimpahla". Kuhlu lwama-protocol, khetha "IP version 4", chofoza "Properties". Setha "Sebenzisa amakheli alandelayo amaseva e-DNS" bese ucacisa 8.8.8.8 no 8.8.4.4 ngokulandelana (futhi uma sekukhona amakheli asetshenzisiwe kakade, ngokuphambene, zama "Thola ikheli le-DNS yeseva ngokuzenzakalelayo." Ngemva kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukusula i-cache cache.
- Yiya kuphaneli yokulawula (ngakwesokudla ngakwesokudla, ku- "Buka", chofoza "Izithonjana") - "Izakhiwo zesiphequluli". Kwithebhu ethi "Connections", chofoza "Izilungiselelo Zenethiwekhi". Susa wonke amamaki uma okungenani kubekwe eyodwa. Noma, uma kungekho okusethiwe, zama ukuvula "Ukuthola ngokuzenzakalelayo kwemingcele".
Uma lezi zindlela ezimbili zingakusizi, zama izindlela eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuxazulula inkinga emibhalweni ehlukene enikezwe ngenhla esigabeni sesine.
Qaphela: uma usanda kufaka i-router, uyixhume ngekhebula kwikhomputha futhi ayikho inthanethi kwikhompyutha, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi awunakulungiseli router yakho ngendlela okwamanje. Uma lokhu sekuqedile, i-intanethi kufanele ivele.
Amashayeli wekhadi le-computer yenethiwekhi futhi ekhubaza i-LAN ku-BIOS
Uma inkinga nge-intanethi ivele ngemuva kokufaka kabusha i-Windows 10, 8 noma i-Windows 7, futhi futhi uma kungekho uxhumano lwendawo lendawo ohlwini lokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi, inkinga kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa ukuthi abashayeli bamakhadi enethiwekhi abalulekile abafakiwe. Okungavamile - iqiniso lokuthi i-adapter ye-Ethernet ikhutshaziwe ku-BIOS (UEFI) yekhompuyutha.
Kulesi simo, landela lezi zinyathelo:
- Yiya kuMphathi weDivaysi yeWindows, ukwenza lokhu, cindezela okhiye Win + R, faka devmgmt.msc bese ucindezela u-Enter.
- Kulo mphathi wedivayisi kwimenyu ethi "Buka" vula ukubonisa kwamadivayisi afihliwe.
- Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini inethiwekhi yezintandokazi ohlwini lwe-"Adapter Network" futhi uma kukhona amadivayisi angaziwa ohlwini (uma engekho, ikhadi le-network lingakhutshazwa ku-BIOS).
- Yiya kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizi webhodi le-motherboard yekhomputha (bheka ukuthi ungathola kanjani ukuthi iyiphi i-motherboard ekhompyutheni) noma, uma "ikhompiyutha" ikhompyutha, bese ulanda umshayeli wekhadi lenethiwekhi kwinxenye "Yokusekela". Ngokuvamile linalo igama eliqukethe i-LAN, Ethernet, Inethiwekhi. Indlela elula yokuthola isayithi oyifunayo nekhasi kuyo ukufaka umbuzo wosesho ohlanganisa i-PC noma i-motherboard model kanye negama elithi "ukwesekwa", ngokuvamile umphumela wokuqala kanye nekhasi elisemthethweni.
- Faka lo mshayeli bese uhlola uma i-Inthanethi isebenza.
Kungaba usizo kulo mongo: Indlela yokufaka umshayeli wedivayisi engaziwa (uma kukhona amadivayisi angaziwa ohlwini lwamenenja yomsebenzi).
I-Network Card Izingqikithi ku-BIOS (UEFI)
Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi i-adapter yenethiwekhi ikhutshaziwe ku-BIOS. Kulesi simo, ngeke nakanjani ungaboni amakhadi enethiwekhi kumphathi wedivayisi, futhi ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yendawo ngeke kube kuhlu lokuxhuma.
Imingcele yakhadi yenethiwekhi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yekhompuyutha ingatholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ze-BIOS, umsebenzi uwukuthola futhi unike amandla (setha inani ku-Inikwe amandla). Lapha kungasiza: Ungangena kanjani i-BIOS / UEFI ku-Windows 10 (efanele kwezinye izinhlelo).
Izigaba ezijwayelekile ze-BIOS, lapho into ingase ibe khona:
- Okuthuthukisiwe - Hardware
- Amapayipi ahlangene
- Ukucushwa kwedivaysi ebhodini
Uma kunesinye sezigaba ezifanayo noma ezifanayo ze-LAN (ingabizwa ngokuthi i-Ethernet, i-NIC) i-adaptha ivimbelwe, zama ukuyivumela, gcina izilungiselelo bese uqala kabusha ikhompyutha.
Ulwazi olungeziwe
Uma ngomzuzu wamanje kungenakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi kungani i-intanethi ingasebenzi, futhi ithola ukwenza imali, ulwazi olulandelayo lungase lube usizo:
- Ku-Windows, ku-Control Panel - Izinkinga zokuxazulula kukhona ithuluzi lokulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinkinga ngokuxhuma kwi-inthanethi. Uma ingalungisi isimo, kodwa sizohlinzeka incazelo yenkinga, zama ukuhlola i-Intanethi ngombhalo wenkinga. Icala elilodwa elivamile: I-adapter yenethiwekhi ayinayo izilungiselelo ze-IP ezivumelekile.
- Uma une-Windows 10, bheka izinto ezimbili ezilandelayo, zingase zisebenze: I-Inthanethi ayisebenzi ku-Windows 10, Indlela yokusetha kabusha izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ye-Windows 10.
- Uma unomshini omusha noma i-motherboard, futhi umhlinzeki uvumela ukufinyeleleka kwe-Inthanethi ngekheli le-MAC, kufanele ulixele ngekheli elisha le-MAC.
Ngithemba ukuthi esinye sezixazululo zenkinga ye-intanethi kwikhompyutha ngekhebula ifike ku-case yakho. Uma kungenjalo-chaza isimo kulezi ziphakamiso, ngizozama ukusiza.
