Sihlela i-firewall kwikhompyutha nge-Windows 7

Ukuphepha kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zekhwalithi yenethiwekhi. Ingxenye eqondile yesofthiwe yayo isilungiselelo esifanele se-firewall yesistimu yokusebenza, okuthiwa i-firewall kuma-computer e-Windows. Ake sithole indlela yokulungisa kahle leli thuluzi lokuvikela ku-Windows 7 PC.

Ukwenza izilungiselelo

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokulungiselelwa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma usetha izilungiselelo zokuvikela eziphakeme kakhulu, ungavimbela ukufinyelela kweziphequluli hhayi kuphela kumasayithi enonya noma izinhlelo ezivaliwe zokufinyelela kwi-intanethi, kodwa futhi ziphoqelele umsebenzi wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivikelekile ukuthi ngenxa yezizathu ezithile zibangela ukusola komlilo . Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma ufaka izinga eliphansi lokuvikelwa, kunengozi yokudalula isistimu ekusongweni kwabangaphakathi noma ukuvumela ikhodi enonya ukungena kukhompyutha. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuba ungadluli, kepha ukusebenzisa imingcele efanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ulungisa i-firewall, kufanele ucabange kahle ukuthi iyiphi indawo osebenza kuyo: kunobungozi (web jikelele web) noma ngokuphephile (inethiwekhi yangaphakathi).

Isigaba 1: Ukuguqulwa kwezilungiselelo ze-Firewall

Masinyane thola ukuthi ungaya kanjani kuzilungiselelo ze-firewall ku-Windows 7.

1. Chofoza "Qala" bese uya "Iphaneli Yokulawula".



2. Vula isigaba "Uhlelo nokulondeka".



3. Okulandelayo, chofoza entweni "IWindows Firewall".

   

   Leli thuluzi lingabuye lisungulwe ngendlela elula, kodwa idinga ukuthi umyalo ukhunjulwe. Shayela Win + R bese ufaka inkulumo:

   firewall.cpl

   Cindezela inkinobho "Kulungile".



4. Isikrini sesisethingi se-firewall sizovulwa.

Isigaba sesi-2: Ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwe-Firewall

Manje cabanga ngenqubo esheshayo yokulungisa i-firewall. Okokuqala, i-firewall idinga ukusebenza uma ikhutshaziwe. Le nqubo ichazwa esihlokweni sethu esihlukile.

Isifundo: Indlela yokunika amandla i-firewall ku-Windows 7

Isigaba sesi-3: Ukwengeza nokususa izicelo kusuka kuhlu lokungatholakali

Uma uhlela i-firewall, udinga ukwengeza lezo zinhlelo ozithemba ohlwini lwama-exceptions ukuze usebenze kahle. Okokuqala, iphathelene ne-anti-virus ukugwema ukungqubuzana phakathi kwayo kanye ne-firewall, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi kuyodingeka ukwenza le nqubo ngezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

1. Ngakwesokunxele kwesikrini sesethingi, chofoza ku-intwana "Vumela ukuqaliswa ...".



2. Uhlu lwesofthiwe efakwe kwi-PC yakho luzovuleka. Uma ngabe awutholanga igama lesicelo ozolifaka kulokho okudingayo, udinga ukuchofoza "Vumela enye uhlelo". Uma uthola ukuthi le nkinobho ayisebenzi, chofoza "Shintsha izilungiselelo".



3. Emva kwalokho, zonke izinkinobho zizosebenza. Manje ungachofoza entweni. "Vumela enye uhlelo ...".



4. Iwindi livula uhlu lwezinhlelo. Uma uhlelo olufunayo lungatholakali kulo, chofoza "Buyekeza ...".



5. Ewindini evula "Explorer" thuthela erekhompyutheni yedisk disk lapho ifayili ephumelelayo yesicelo esifunyiwe ne-ExE, COM noma i-ICD extension isendaweni, ukhethe bese uchofoza "Vula".



6. Ngemuva kwalokho, igama lolu hlelo lokusebenza lizovela efasiteleni "Ukungeza uhlelo" i-firewall. Khetha bese uchofoza "Engeza".



7. Okokugcina, igama lale software lizovela efasiteleni eliyinhloko yokwengeza okungafani kulokhu lokufaka umlilo.



8. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, lolu hlelo luzofakwa ezingxenyeni zenethiwekhi yekhaya. Uma udinga ukulifaka ngaphandle kwe-inethiwekhi yomphakathi, chofoza igama le-software.



9. Uhlelo lokushintsha iwindi luzovuleka. Chofoza inkinobho "Izinhlobo zezindawo zenethiwekhi ...".



10. Ewindini evula, hlola ibhokisi eliseduze "Public" bese uchofoza "Kulungile". Uma udinga ukukhipha ngesikhathi esisodwa uhlelo oluvela ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi yasendlini, unqamule ibhokisi eceleni kwelebula elihambelanayo. Kodwa, njengomthetho, empeleni akudingeki neze.



11. Emuva efasiteleni lokushintsha ushintsho, chofoza "Kulungile".



12. Manje uhlelo lokusebenza luzofakwa kwizinto ezingaphandle nakwamanethiwekhi omphakathi.

    

    Qaphela! Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwengeza uhlelo lokungafani, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi omphakathi, kwandisa izinga lokungcupheni kwesistimu yakho. Ngakho-ke, khubaza ukuvikelwa kokuxhumana komphakathi kuphela uma kudingekile.

13. Uma ngabe kukhona uhlelo olwenziwe ngokungalungile ohlwini lwama-exclusions, noma ukuthi ludala izinga elingenakukwamukeleka lokungabikho kokuphepha kwabangenayo, kubalulekile ukukhipha lolu hlelo lokusebenza ohlwini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha igama layo bese uchofoza "Susa".



14. Ebhokisini lengxoxo evula, qinisekisa izinhloso zakho ngokuchofoza "Yebo".



15. Uhlelo lokusebenza luzosuswa ohlwini lwahlukile.

Isigaba 4: Ukwengeza nokususa Imithetho

Izinguquko ezinembile ezilungiselelweni zomlilo ngokudala imithetho ethize kwenziwa ngefasitela yezilungiselelo ezithuthukile zaleli thuluzi.

1. Buyela ewindini elikhulu lamasethingi e-firewall. Ungaphi lapho kusuka khona "Iphaneli Yokulawula"kuchazwe ngenhla. Uma udinga ukubuya kusuka efasiteleni ngohlu lwezinhlelo ezivunyelwe, mane uchofoze inkinobho "Kulungile".



2. Bese uchofoza ngakwesobunxele kwesici segobolondo "Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe".



3. Ifasitela eyengeziwe yemingcele evulwa ihlukaniswe ezindaweni ezintathu: ngakwesokunxele - igama lamaqembu, phakathi - uhlu lwemithetho yeqembu elikhethiwe, ngakwesokudla - uhlu lwezenzo. Ukwakha imithetho yokungena okungenayo, chofoza entweni "Imithetho Engenayo".



4. Uhlu lwemithetho evele idalwe yokuxhumana olungenayo luzovuleka. Ukwengeza into entsha ohlwini, chofoza ngakwesokudla kwewindi. "Dala umthetho ...".



5. Okulandelayo kufanele ukhethe uhlobo lokubusa oludalwa:
   • Kuhlelo;
   • Kulo dolobha;
   • Kunqunyiwe;
   • Yenza ngokwezifiso.

   Ezimweni eziningi, abasebenzisi kudingeka bakhethe enye yezinketho ezimbili zokuqala. Ngakho, ukulungisa uhlelo lokusebenza, setha inkinobho yomsakazo endaweni "Kuhlelo" bese uchofoza "Okulandelayo".



6. Khona-ke, ngokufaka izinkinobho zomsakazo, kudingeka ukhethe ukuthi ngabe lo mthetho uzosebenza kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezifakiwe noma kuphela kwisicelo esithile. Ezimweni eziningi, khetha ukhetho lwesibili. Emva kokusetha inkinobho, ukuze ukhethe isofthiwe ethile, chofoza "Buyekeza ...".



7. Ewindini lokuqalisa "Explorer" iya kusiqondisi sefayela eliphathekayo lenqubo ofuna ukuyidala. Isibonelo, kungenzeka kube isiphequluli esivinjelwe yi-firewall. Qinisekisa igama lolu hlelo lokusebenza bese ucindezela "Vula".



8. Ngemuva kokuba indlela eya efayeleni elifezekayo iboniswa efasiteleni Rule Wizardscindezela "Okulandelayo".



9. Khona-ke kuzodingeka ukhethe eyodwa yezinketho ezintathu ngokulungisa kabusha inkinobho yomsakazo:
   • Vumela uxhumano;
   • Vumela uxhumano oluphephile;
   • Vimba uxhumano.

   Isigaba sokuqala nesithathu sisetshenziswa kakhulu. Into yesibili isetshenziselwa abasebenzisi abaphambili. Ngakho, khetha inketho oyifunayo kuye ngokuthi ufuna ukuvumela noma ukuphika ukufinyelela kwesicelo kwinethiwekhi, bese uchofoza "Okulandelayo".



10. Khona-ke, ngokubeka noma ukuchofoza amabhokisi okuhlola, kufanele ukhethe ukuthi iyiphi iphrofayli ethile umbuso owadalwa:
    • okuyimfihlo;
    • igama lesizinda;
    • umphakathi.

    Uma kunesidingo, ungasebenzisa izinketho eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngemuva kokukhetha ucindezela "Okulandelayo".



11. Ewindini lokugcina ensimini "Igama" Kufanele ufake noma yiliphi igama elingenakuphikisana nalo mthetho, ongayithola kulolu hlu esikhathini esizayo. Futhi ensimini "Incazelo" Ungashiya amazwana amancane, kodwa lokhu akudingekile. Ngemva kokunika igama, cindezela "Yenzelwe".



12. Umthetho omusha uzodalwa futhi uboniswe ohlwini.

Ukubusa kwechweba kudalwa ngendlela ehlukile.

1. Esikhathini sokukhetha uhlobo lokulawula, khetha "Ngechweba" bese uchofoza "Okulandelayo".



2. Ngokuhlela kabusha inkinobho yomsakazo, udinga ukukhetha eyodwa yezivumelwano ezimbili: TCP noma i-USD. Njengomthetho, ezimweni eziningi ukhetho lokuqala luyasetshenziswa.

   Khona-ke kufanele ukhethe ukuthi yimaphi amachweba ofuna ukuwasebenzisa: ngaphezu kwakho konke noma ngaphezulu kwezinye. Lapha futhi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukhetho lokuqala alukhuthazwa ngezinjongo zokuphepha uma ungenayo izizathu ezizwakalayo zezenzo ezingezansi. Ngakho khetha ukhetho lwesibili. Ensimini kuya kwesokudla udinga ukucacisa inombolo ye-port. Ungakwazi ukufaka ngokushesha izinombolo eziningana ezihlukaniswe i-semicolon noma uhla lwezinombolo ngokudada. Ngemuva kokunika izilungiselelo ezicacisiwe, chofoza "Okulandelayo".



3. Zonke izinyathelo eziqhubekayo zifana ncamashi nezichazwe uma kucatshangelwa ukudala imithetho yehlelo, ngokuqala ngesigaba 8, futhi kuncike ekutheni ufuna ukuvula ichweba noma, ngokuphambene, vimba.

Isifundo: Indlela yokuvula ichweba kukhompyutha yeWindows 7

Ukwakhiwa kwemithetho yokuxhuma okuphumayo kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nalokho okufanayo njengangaphakathi. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi kufanele ukhethe okukhethwa kukho ngakwesokunxele kwezilungiselelo eziphambili ze-firewall. "Imithetho yokuxhuma okuphumayo" futhi ngemuva kokuchofoza lokho into "Dala umthetho ...".

Ukulawulwa kokulawulwa kwe-algorithm, uma isidingo esinjalo sibonakala ngokuzumayo, silula futhi sinembile.

1. Qinisekisa into oyifunayo kuhlu bese uchofoza "Susa".



2. Ebhokisini lengxoxo, vumela isenzo ngokuchofoza "Yebo".



3. Ukubusa kuzosuswa ohlwini.

Kulesi sihloko, sibheke kuphela izincomo eziyisisekelo zokusetha i-firewall ku-Windows 7. Ithuluzi elihle le thuluzi idinga ulwazi oluningi kanye nempahla yonke yolwazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinyathelo ezilula, isibonelo, ukuvumela noma ukuphika ukufinyelela kwinethiwekhi ethile yohlelo, ukuvula noma ukuvala ichweba, ukususa umthetho owakhiwe ngaphambilini, kuyatholakala ukukhishwa ngisho nabaqalayo ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo enikeziwe.