Ukusabalalisa kwe-Kali Linux, okuyinto nsuku zonke eyaziwa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, abasebenzisi abafuna ukuyifaka baqhubeka beqhubeka, kodwa akubona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi angayenza kanjani. Lesi sihloko sizokunikeza imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokufaka i-Kali Linux kwi-PC.
Faka iKali Linux
Ukufaka isistimu yokusebenza, udinga ukushayela nge-flash ngekhono le-4 GB noma ngaphezulu. Isithombe se-Kali Linux sizobhalwa kuso, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ikhompyutha izoqalwa kuyo. Uma unayo idrayivu, ungaqhubeka nokuya imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
Isinyathelo 1: Vula isithombe sesistimu
Okokuqala udinga ukulanda isithombe sesistimu yokusebenza. Kuhle kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni kanjiniyela, ngoba yilapho ukusabalaliswa kwamuva kwendawo kutholakala khona.
Landa i-Kali Linux kusuka kusayithi elisemthethweni
Ekhasini elivulekayo, awukwazi ukunquma kuphela indlela i-OS ephethe ngayo (i-Torrent noma i-HTTP), kodwa futhi inguqulo yayo. Ungakhetha kokubili uhlelo lwe-32-bit kanye ne-64-bit eyodwa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kungenzeka kule sigaba ukukhetha imvelo yedeskithophu.
Njengoba unqume kuzo zonke iziguquko, qala ukulayisha iKali Linux kwikhompyutha yakho.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Bushisa isithombe ku-USB flash drive
Ukufakwa kwe-Kali Linux kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe ku-flash drive, ngakho okokuqala udinga ukurekhoda isithombe sesistimu kuso. Esizindeni sethu ungafunda isinyathelo esinezinyathelo zomhlahlandlela ngalesi sihloko.
Funda kabanzi: Ukubhala isithombe se-OS ku-Flash Drive
Isinyathelo 3: Ukuqala i-PC kusuka ku-flash flash drive
Ngemuva kokuthi i-flash drive nekhamera yesistimu isilungele, ungasheshi ukuyisusa kusukela echwebeni le-USB, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqala ikhompyutha kuyo. Le nqubo izobonakala kunzima kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi ujwayele ulwazi olufanele.
Funda kabanzi: Vula i-PC kusuka ku-flash drive
Isinyathelo 4: Qala ukufakwa
Ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuqala kusuka ku-flash drive, imenyu izovela kumqapha. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indlela yokufaka i-Kali Linux. Ngezansi ukufakwa nge-interface esibonakalayo, njengoba le ndlela izoqondakala kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi.
- Ngaphakathi "Imenyu yokuqalisa" into yokukhetha yesofthiwe "Ukufaka kwezithombe" bese uchofoza Ngena.
- Kusukela kuhlu olubonakala lukhetha ulimi. Kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe isiRashiya, ngoba lokhu ngeke kuthinte kuphela ulimi lofaki, kodwa futhi nokwaziswa kwendawo.
- Khetha indawo ukuze indawo yesikhathi isinqunywe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Qaphela: uma ungatholi izwe elidingekayo kuhlu, bese ukhetha umugqa "okunye" ukubonisa uhlu olugcwele lamazwe emhlabeni.
- Khetha ohlwini olulandelwe oluzobe lujwayelekile esimisweni.
Qaphela: Kunconywa ukusetha isakhiwo se-English, kwezinye izimo, ngenxa yokukhetha isiRashiya, akunakwenzeka ukugcwalisa amasimu adingekayo. Emva kokufakwa okuphelele kwesistimu, ungakwazi ukwengeza isakhiwo esisha.
- Khetha ama-hotkeys azosetshenziselwa ukushintsha phakathi kwezakhiwo zekhibhodi.
- Linda izilungiselelo zesistimu ukuqedela.
Kuye ngamandla wekhompiyutha, le nqubo ingabambezeleka. Ngemva kokuphela, kuzodingeka udale iphrofayela yomsebenzisi.
Isinyathelo 5: Dala iphrofayela yomsebenzisi
Iphrofayela yomsebenzisi idalwe kanje:
- Faka igama lekhompyutha. Ekuqaleni, igama elizenzakalelayo lizonikezwa, kepha ungayifaka nenye enye, imfuneko eyinhloko ukuthi kufanele ibhalwe ngesiLatini.
- Cacisa igama lesizinda. Uma ungenayo, ungakwazi ukweqa lesi sinyathelo, ushiye insimu ingabhalwa bese ucindezela inkinobho "Qhubekani".
- Faka iphasiwedi engaphezulu, bese uyiqinisekisa ngokuyiphinda enkambu yesibili yokufaka.
Qaphela: Kunconywa ukuba ukhethe iphasiwedi eyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba kubalulekile ukuthola amalungelo okufinyelela kuzo zonke izici zesistimu. Kodwa uma ufuna, ungacacisa iphasiwedi equkethe umlingisi oyedwa kuphela.
- Khetha indawo yesikhathi sakho ohlwini ukuze isikhathi esimisweni sokusebenza siboniswe ngendlela efanele. Uma ukhetha izwe elinendawo eyodwa kuphela uma ukhetha indawo, lesi sinyathelo sizokweqa.
Ngemva kokufaka yonke idatha, uhlelo luzoqala ukulayisha uhlelo lwe-HDD noma le-SSD yokuhlukanisa.
Isinyathelo 6: Ukuhlukanisa iDisk
Ukumaketha kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana: kwimodi yokuzenzakalelayo nakwimodi yebhuku. Manje lezi zindlela zizocatshangelwa ngokuningiliziwe.
Indlela yokwenza ngokuzenzakalela
Into esemqoka okudingeka ukwazi - ukumaka i-disk kumodi othomathikhi, ulahlekelwa yonke idatha ku-drive. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona amafayela abalulekile kuyo, bahambise kwenye idrayivu, isibonelo, Flash, noma uwabeke esitoreji sefu.
Ngakho, ukuze uthole umakalo othomathikhi, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:
- Khetha indlela othomathikhi kwimenyu.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, khetha idrayivu oya kuyo ukwahlukana. Kulesi sibonelo, uyedwa kuphela.
- Okulandelayo, thola inketho yokumaketha.
Ukukhetha "Wonke amafayela kwesigaba esisodwa (Kunconywe abaqalayo)", uzodala izingxenye ezimbili kuphela: ukuhlukanisa izimpande nokushintsha. Le ndlela inconywa kulabo abasebenzisi abafaka uhlelo lokubuyekezwa, ngoba le-OS inezinga eliphansi lokuvikelwa. Ungakhetha futhi ukhetho lwesibili - "Ukuhlukanisa okuhlukile / ekhaya". Kulesi simo, ngaphezu kwezigaba ezimbili ezibalwe ngenhla, esinye isigaba sizokwenziwa. "/ ekhaya"lapho wonke amafayela womsebenzisi azogcinwa khona. Izinga lokuvikelwa nale markup liphakeme. Kodwa namanje ayinikeli ukuphepha okuphezulu. Uma ukhetha "Izigaba ezihlukene / ikhaya, / var kanye / tmp", khona-ke ezinye izingxenye ezimbili kuzokwenziwa amafayela wesistimu ahlukile. Ngakho-ke, isakhiwo se-markup sizohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphezulu.
- Ngemuva kokukhethwa kwesakhiwo, isifaki sizobonisa isakhiwo ngokwaso. Kulesi sigaba ungalungisa: yenza ushintsho lwesahlulelo, engeza entsha, shintsha uhlobo lwayo nendawo. Kodwa omunye akufanele enze yonke imisebenzi engenhla, uma ungajwayele inqubo yokuqaliswa kwayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ungenza kube kubi nakakhulu.
- Ngemuva kokuthi ubuyekeze umkhawulo noma wenze ukuhlela okudingekayo, ukhethe umugqa wokugcina bese uqhafaza "Qhubekani".
- Manje uzokwethula ngombiko nazo zonke izinguquko ezenziwe emakethe. Uma ungaboni lutho oluthe xaxa, ke uchofoze entweni "Yebo" bese uchofoza "Qhubekani".
Okulandelayo, kufanele ufeze ezinye zezilungiselelo ngaphambi kokufakwa kokugcina kwesistimu ku-disk, kodwa kuzochazwa kamuva, manje uqhubekele emiyalweni yokuhlukanisa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwediski.
Indlela yokwenza ngesandla
Indlela yokumaketha ibhukwana ifanisa kahle ne-othomathikhi ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi udale izigaba eziningi njengoba ufisa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ulondoloze lonke ulwazi ku-disk, ushiye izigaba ezidalwe ngaphambilini ezingasetshenziswanga. Ngendlela, ngale ndlela ungafaka iKali Linux eceleni kweWindows, futhi uma uqala ikhompyutha, khetha uhlelo oludingekayo lokuqalisa ukuqala.
Okokuqala udinga ukuya etafuleni lokuhlukanisa.
- Khetha indlela yombhalo.
- Njengokuhlukanisa okuzenzakalelayo, khetha i-disk ukufaka i-OS.
- Uma i-disk ihlanzekile, uzoyiswa efasiteleni lapho kudingeka khona unikeze imvume yokwakha itafula elisha lokuhlukanisa.
Qaphela: uma kukhona kakade izingxenye ku-drive, le nto izokweqiwa.
Manje ungathuthuka ekudaleni izingxenye ezintsha, kodwa okokuqala udinga ukunquma ngenombolo yabo bese uthayipha. Manje kuzoba nezinketho ezintathu zokumaketha:
Umakethe wokuphepha ophansi:
| № | Iphuzu lendawo | Umbhalo | Thayipha | Indawo | Amapharamitha | Sebenzisa njenge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isigaba 1 | / | Kusuka ku-15 GB | Okuyinhloko | Qala | Cha | I-Ext4 |
| Isigaba 2 | - | Umthamo we-RAM | Okuyinhloko | Ukuphela | Cha | Shintsha ukwahlukana |
Umakethe wokuphepha wamaphakathi:
| № | Iphuzu lendawo | Umbhalo | Thayipha | Indawo | Amapharamitha | Sebenzisa njenge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isigaba 1 | / | Kusuka ku-15 GB | Okuyinhloko | Qala | Cha | I-Ext4 |
| Isigaba 2 | - | Umthamo we-RAM | Okuyinhloko | Ukuphela | Cha | Shintsha ukwahlukana |
| Isigaba 3 | / ekhaya | Ukuhlala | Okuyinhloko | Qala | Cha | I-Ext4 |
Ukuhlelwa nokuphepha okuphezulu:
| № | Iphuzu lendawo | Umbhalo | Thayipha | Amapharamitha | Sebenzisa njenge |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isigaba 1 | / | Kusuka ku-15 GB | Kuyaqondakala | Cha | I-Ext4 |
| Isigaba 2 | - | Umthamo we-RAM | Kuyaqondakala | Cha | Shintsha ukwahlukana |
| Isigaba 3 | / var / log | 500 MB | Kuyaqondakala | i-noexec, isikhathi esithile futhi nodev | reiserfs |
| Isigaba 4 | / ibhuthri | 20 MB | Kuyaqondakala | ro | I-Ext2 |
| Isigaba 5 | / tmp | 1 kuya ku-2 GB | Kuyaqondakala | i-nosuid, nodev futhi i-noexec | reiserfs |
| Isigaba 6 | / ekhaya | Ukuhlala | Kuyaqondakala | Cha | I-Ext4 |
Kuhlala kuwe ukuthi ukhethe umklomelo omuhle wena futhi uqhubeke ngqo kuwo. Iqhutshwa kanje:
- Chofoza kabili emgqeni "Isikhala samahhala".
- Khetha "Dala isigaba esisha".
- Faka inani lememori elizokwabiwa ukuthi ukwahlukaniswa kudalwe. Ungabona ivolumu enconyiwe kwelinye lamatafula angenhla.
- Khetha uhlobo lokuhlukanisa ukudala.
- Cacisa indawo yesikhala lapho ukwahlukana okusha kuzobe khona khona.
Qaphela: uma ngabe ukhethe ngaphambilini uhlobo lokuhlukanisa okunengqondo, lesi sinyathelo sizokweqa.
- Manje udinga ukusetha yonke imingcele edingekayo, ebhekisela etafuleni ngenhla.
- Chofoza kabili emgqeni "Ukusetha ukwahlukanisa sekuphelile".
Ukusebenzisa le myalelo, yenza ukwahlukanisa disk kwezinga elifanele lokuphepha, bese uchofoza inkinobho. "Qedela umaka bese ubhala izinguquko ku-disk".
Ngenxa yalokho, uzonikezwa umbiko ngazo zonke izinguquko ezenziwe ngaphambilini. Uma ungaboni umehluko ngezenzo zakho, khetha "Yebo". Okulandelayo kuzoqala ukufakwa kwengxenye eyisisekelo yesimiso esizayo. Le nqubo isikhashana.
Ngendlela, ngendlela efanayo ongafaka ngayo i-Flash-drive, ngokulandelana, kulokhu, uzofaka iKali Linux kwi-flash flash drive.
Isinyathelo sesi-7: Ukuqedela ukufakwa
Uma uhlelo lwesisekelo lufakiwe, udinga ukwenza ezinye izinguquko:
- Uma ikhompyutha ixhunyiwe kwi-Intanethi uma ufaka i-OS, khetha "Yebo"kungenjalo "Cha".
- Cacisa iseva ye-proxy uma unayo. Uma kungenjalo, weqa lesi sinyathelo ngokuchofoza "Qhubekani".
- Linda ukulanda futhi ufake isofthiwe eyengeziwe.
- Faka i-GRUB ngokukhetha "Yebo" nokuchofoza "Qhubekani".
- Khetha idiski lapho i-GRUB izofakwa khona.
Okubalulekile: i-bootloader yesistimu kumele ifakwe kwi-disk enzima lapho uhlelo lokusebenza luzotholakala khona. Uma kukhona i-disk eyodwa kuphela, ibizwa ngokuthi "/ dev / sda".
- Linda ukufakwa kwazo zonke amaphakheji asele ohlelweni.
- Ewindini lokugcina uzokwaziswa ukuthi uhlelo lufakwe ngempumelelo. Susa i-flash flash drive kusuka kukhompyutha bese uchofoza inkinobho. "Qhubekani".
Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izenzo zenziwe, ikhompyutha yakho izoqala futhi, imenyu izovela esikrinini lapho uzodinga ukufaka igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukungena ngemvume kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-akhawunti engaphezulu, okungukuthi, udinga ukusebenzisa igama "izimpande".
Okokugcina, faka iphasiwedi owasungula ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwesistimu. Lapha ungakwazi ukunquma imvelo yedeskithophu ngokuchofoza gear eduze kwenkinobho "Ngena ngemvume", nokukhetha okufunayo ohlwini oluvela.
Isiphetho
Uma usuqedile yonke imiyalo ehlongozwe emiyalweni, ekugcineni uzoyiswa kwideskithophu ye-system ye-Kali Linux yokusebenza futhi uzokwazi ukuqala ukusebenza kukhompyutheni.
