Elinye lamaqembu athandwa kakhulu opharetha uma usebenza namatafula e-Excel kungukuthi usuku nesikhathi sisebenza. Ngosizo lwabo, ungenza izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene ngedatha yesikhathi. Idethi nesikhathi zivame ukufakwa ngokuklanywa kwamalogi e-Excel. Ukucubungula idatha enjalo kungumsebenzi oyinhloko wabasebenzi abaphezulu. Ake sithole ukuthi ungayitholaphi leli qembu lemisebenzi ku-interface yomsebenzi, nokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani amafomula athandwa kakhulu kule unit.
Sebenza ngemisebenzi yosuku nosuku
Iqembu lezinsuku nosuku lunezinkambiso zokucubungula idatha evezwe ngesifomethi sosuku noma isikhathi. Njengamanje, i-Excel inezingcingo ezingaphezu kuka-20 ezifakwe kule block block. Ngokukhululwa kwezinguqulo ezintsha ze-Excel, inombolo yabo iyakhula njalo.
Noma yimuphi umsebenzi ungangena ngesandla uma wazi i-syntax yayo, kodwa kubasebenzisi abaningi, ikakhulukazi abangenalwazi noma ngezinga lolwazi okungenhla isilinganiso, kulula kakhulu ukungena imiyalo ngokusebenzisa igobolondo le-graphical ewethulwe Umsebenzi wenkosi kulandelwa ukuthuthela efasiteleni lezingxoxo.
- Ukwethulwa kwefomu ngokusebenzisa Umsebenzi weWebhu khetha iseli lapho umphumela uzoboniswa khona, bese uchofoza inkinobho "Faka umsebenzi". Itholakala ngakwesokunxele kwibha yefomula.
- Emva kwalokhu, ukusebenza komsebenzi wenkosi kwenzeka. Chofoza kumkhakha "Isigaba".
- Kusukela ohlwini oluvula, khetha into "Usuku Nesikhathi".
- Ngemuva kwalokho uhlu lwabaqhubi baleli qembu livuliwe. Ukuya kokunye kubo, khetha umsebenzi oyifunayo kuhlu bese uchofoza inkinobho "Kulungile". Ngemva kokwenza izenzo ezingenhla, iwindi lezingxoxo lizoqaliswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, Umsebenzi weWebhu kungenziwa kusebenze ngokugqamisa iseli ephepheni bese ucindezela inhlanganisela eyinhloko Shift + F3. Kukhona futhi amathuba okushintshela kuthebhu "Amafomula"lapho ku-ribbon eqenjini lezilungiselelo zamathuluzi "I-Function Library" chofoza inkinobho "Faka umsebenzi".
Kungenzeka ukuthuthela efasiteleni izimpendulo zendlela ethile evela eqenjini "Usuku Nesikhathi" ngaphandle kokuqalisa iwindi eliyinhloko le-Wizard Wizard. Ukwenza lokhu, thuthela kuthebhu "Amafomula". Chofoza inkinobho "Usuku Nesikhathi". Kuthunyelwe kwi-tape eqenjini lamathuluzi. "I-Function Library". Ivuselela uhlu lwabo opharetha olutholakalayo kulesi sigaba. Khetha okudingekayo ukuqedela umsebenzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, izingxabano ziyiswa efasiteleni.
Isifundo: I-Excel Function Wizard
DATE
Enye yezinto ezilula kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo imisebenzi evelele yaleli qembu ngu-opharetha DATE. Ibonisa idethi ecacisiwe ngesimo samanani esitokisini lapho ifomula ngokwayo ifakwa khona.
Izingxabano zakhe zikhona "Unyaka", "Inyanga" futhi "Usuku". Isici sokucubungula idatha ukuthi umsebenzi usebenza kuphela ngesithuba sesikhathi esingakafiki ngaphambi kuka-1900. Ngakho-ke, uma kube ngxabano endle "Unyaka" setha, isibonelo, ngo-1898, opharetha uzobonisa inani elingalungile kuseli. Ngokwemvelo, njengezingxabano "Inyanga" futhi "Usuku" izinombolo, ngokulandelana, kusukela ku-1 kuya ku-12 futhi kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-31. Izimpikiswano zingabuyekezwa kumaseli aqukethe idatha efanele.
Ukuze ufake ngesandla ifomula, sebenzisa i-syntax elandelayo:
= DATE (Unyaka; Inyanga; Usuku)
Sondeza kulo msebenzi nge-value operators Unyaka, MONTH futhi DAY. Babonisa esitokisini inani elihambelana negama labo futhi babe nokuphikisana okulodwa kwegama elifanayo.
RAZNAT
Uhlobo lomsebenzi oyingqayizivele ngu-opharetha RAZNAT. Ibala umehluko phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Isici salo ukuthi lo opharetha akalona uhlu lwamafomula Amakhosi omsebenzi, okusho ukuthi amanani ayo ngaso sonke isikhathi akumelwe angenwe ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo, kodwa ngesandla, ngokulandela i-syntax elandelayo:
= I-RAZNAT (qala_date; ekugcineni_kudlule; eyodwa)
Kusukela kumongo kucacile ukuthi njengezingxabano "Usuku Lokuqala" futhi "Usuku Lokuphela" izinsuku, umehluko phakathi kwalokho okudingeka ubale khona. Kodwa njengengxabano "Unit" Iyunithi ethize yesilinganiso salokhu umehluko yilezi:
- Unyaka (y);
- Inyanga (m);
- Usuku (d);
- Umehluko ezinyangeni (YM);
- Umehluko ezinsukwini ngaphandle kokucabangela iminyaka (YD);
- Umehluko ezinsukwini ezingafaki izinyanga neminyaka (MD).
Isifundo: Inombolo yezinsuku phakathi kwezinsuku ku-Excel
ABAHLELI
Ngokungafani nesitatimende esandulele, ifomula ABAHLELI emelelwe ohlwini Amakhosi omsebenzi. Umsebenti wayo ukubala inani lezinsuku zokusebenza phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili, ezinikezwa njengezingxabano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona enye ingxabano - "Amaholide". Le mpikiswano iyakhethwa. Kubonisa inani lamaholide ngesikhathi sokufunda. Lezi zinsuku nazo zithathwe ekubalweni okuphelele. Ifomula libala inani lazo zonke izinsuku phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili, ngaphandle kweMigqibelo, ngeSonto kanye nezinsuku ezichazwe ngumsebenzisi njengeholide. Izimpikiswano zingaba yizinsuku ngokwazo noma izikhombisi zamaseli aqukethwe kuwo.
I-syntax ilandelayo:
= ABASEBENZA (qala_kudlulile; ekugcineni_date; [amaholidi])
TATA
I-Operator TATA ezithakazelisayo ngoba azikho izimpikiswano. Ibonisa usuku nesikhathi samanje esethiwe kukhompyutha esitokisini. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi leli xabiso ngeke libuyekezwe ngokuzenzekelayo. Kuzohlala kuhleliwe ngesikhathi umsebenzi udalwe kuze kube yilapho ihlelwa kabusha. Ukuze ubuyekeze kabusha, khetha nje iseli eliqukethe umsebenzi, faka isikhombisi kubha yefomula bese uchofoza inkinobho Ngena kwikhibhodi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuselelwa kwesikhashana kwedokhumenti kungavunyelwa kuzilungiselelo zayo. I-Syntax TATA okufana nalokhu:
= TDA ()
NAMUHLA
Ifana kakhulu nomsebenzi wangaphambilini kumakhono ayo opharetha NAMUHLA. Akanayo futhi imibono. Kodwa iseli alibonisi isifinyezo sosuku nosuku, kodwa usuku olulodwa kuphela lwamanje. I-syntax nayo ilula kakhulu:
= NAMUHLA ()
Lo msebenzi, kanye nomunye odlule, udinga ukulungiswa kabusha kokuvuselela. Ukulungiswa kabusha kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo.
ISIKHATHI
Umsebenzi oyinhloko womsebenzi ISIKHATHI yikhiqiza esitokisini esicacisiwe sesikhathi esichazwe yimibono. Iziphakamiso zalo msebenzi ziyihora, imizuzu nemizuzwana. Zingacaciswa kokubili ngesimo samanani ezinombolo kanye nendlela yezixhumanisi ezikhomba amangqamuzana lapho lezi zimiso zigcinwa khona. Lo msebenzi ufana kakhulu no-opharetha DATE, kodwa ngokungafani nayo ibonisa izinkomba zesikhathi ezicacisiwe. Inani lokuphikisana "Iwashi" ingafakwa ebangeni kusukela ku-0 kuya ku-23, kanye nezimpikiswano zomzuzu nomzuzwana - ukusuka ku-0 kuya ku-59. I-syntax yile:
= TIME (Amahora; Amaminithi; Okwesibili)
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi ehlukene ingabizwa eduze nalolu opharetha. Ihora, MINUTES futhi SECONDS. Babonisa ukubaluleka kwenkomba yesikhathi ehambelana negama, elinikezwa ngxabano elilodwa legama elifanayo.
DATE
Umsebenzi DATE okuqondile kakhulu. Akuhloselwe abantu, kodwa kuhlelo. Umsebenzi walo ukuguqula ukurekhodwa kwedethi kwifomu evamile ibe inkulumo yenombolo eyodwa etholakalayo yokubala ku-Excel. Ukuphikisana okuphela kwalokhu msebenzi kungukuthi njengombhalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengalokhu kwimeko yokuphikisana DATE, amanani kuphela ngemva kuka-1900 aqhutshwa ngendlela efanele. I-syntax yile:
= DATENAME (idatha_text)
DAY
Umsebenzi we-Operator DAY - ukubonisa esitokisini esicacisiwe inani losuku lwesonto lusuku olucacisiwe. Kodwa ifomula ayibonakali igama lamagama lusuku, kodwa inombolo yalo e-ordinal. Futhi ukuqala kokuqala kosuku lwesonto kusethwe ensimini "Thayipha". Ngakho-ke, uma usetha inani kule nsimu "1", khona-ke usuku lokuqala lwesonto luzocatshangwa ngeSonto, uma "2" - monday, njll Kodwa lokhu akuyona impikiswano ephoqelekile, uma ngabe insimu ingagcwaliswa, kubhekwa ukuthi i-countdown iqala kusukela ngeSonto. Ingxabano yesibili yosuku langempela kwifomethi yezinombolo, ukulandelana kwosuku ofuna ukusetha. I-syntax yile:
= DENNED (Usuku_nombolo_nani; [Thayipha]
IZINDABA
Inhloso yomqhubi IZINDABA yikhombiso kwinombolo egciniwe yeseli yeviki lusuku lokusungula. Imibono yosuku langempela kanye nohlobo lwenani lokubuyisa. Uma konke kucacile ngempikiswano yokuqala, okwesibili kudinga incazelo eyengeziwe. Iqiniso liwukuthi emazweni amaningi aseYurophu ngokwezindinganiso ze-ISO 8601, isonto lokuqala lonyaka kuthathwa njengesonto lokuqala lonyaka. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa le nqubo yokubhekisela, kuzomele ubeke inamba enkundleni yohlobo "2". Uma ukhetha isistimu yesithenjwa esivamile, lapho isonto lokuqala lonyaka kuthathwa ngokuthi yiyiphi iJanuwari 1 ewela ngayo, khona-ke udinga ukubeka inombolo "1" noma ushiye insimu ingenalutho. I-syntax yalo msebenzi yilezi:
= NUMBERS (usuku; [uhlobo]
UKUKHALA
I-Operator UKUKHALA yenza ukubalwa okwabiwe kwengxenye yonyaka okwenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuze kube unyaka wonke. Amaphuzu alo msebenzi yilezi zinsuku ezimbili, okuyimingcele yesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi unempikiswano yokuzikhethela "Isisekelo". Kubonisa ukuthi ungabala kanjani usuku. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, uma kungekho nhlobo ecacisiwe, indlela yaseMelika yokubala ithathwe. Ezimweni eziningi, kufanelana, ngakho-ke lokhu kuxabana akudingeki neze. I-syntax yile:
= FUNDA (qala_kudlulile; ekugcineni_date; [isisekelo])
Sasihamba kuphela ngokusebenzisa opharetha abakhulu abakha iqembu lomsebenzi. "Usuku Nesikhathi" ku-Excel. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamanye ama-operators amabili eqembu elifanayo. Njengoba ubona, ngisho nemisebenzi echazwe ngathi ingenza lula abasebenzisi basebenze ngamanani amafomethi afana nosuku nesikhathi. Lezi zakhi zikuvumela ukuba uhlele izibalo ezithile. Isibonelo, ngokufaka usuku lwamanje noma isikhathi esitokisini esicacisiwe. Ngaphandle kokwazi kahle ukuphathwa kwale misebenzi umuntu akakwazi ukukhuluma ngolwazi oluhle lwe-Excel.
