Dala noma ususe ifayela ku-Linux - yini engaba lula? Noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, indlela yakho ethembekile futhi efakazelwe ingase ingasebenzi. Kulokhu, kuyoba nengqondo ukufuna isisombululo senkinga, kodwa uma kungenaso isikhathi salokhu, ungasebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwakha noma ukususa amafayela ku-Linux. Kulesi sihloko, ethandwa kakhulu kuzocutshungulwa.
Indlela 1: Isiphetho
Ukusebenza namafayela "I-Terminal" kuhluke ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni kumphathi wefayela. Okungenani, akukho ukubonakala ngakhona - uzongena futhi wamukele yonke idatha efasiteleni elibukeka njengelayini lendabuko ye-Windows. Kodwa-ke, kungenxa yalesi sici sesistimu ukuthi kuzokwazi ukulandelela wonke amaphutha okwenzeka ngesikhathi kwenziwa umsebenzi othile.
Imisebenzi yokulungiselela
Ukusebenzisa i- "Terminal" ukudala noma ukususa amafayela ohlelweni, kufanele uqale ucacise kulo mlando lapho yonke imisebenzi elandelayo izokwenziwa. Uma kungenjalo, wonke amafayela adalwe azoba esihlalweni somsuka ("/").
Ungacacisa isiqondisi ku "Terminal" ngezindlela ezimbili: usebenzisa imenenja yefayela bese usebenzisa umyalo cd. Sihlaziya ngamunye ngokwehlukana.
Imenenja yefayela
Ngakho ake sithi ufuna ukudala noma, ngokuphambene, susa ifayela kusuka kufolda "Amadokhumenti"yini esendleleni:
/ ikhaya / Umsebenzisi / Amadokhumenti
Ukuze uvule lesi siqondisi ku "Terminal", kumele uqale ukuyivula kumphathi wefayela, bese usebenzisa ukuchofoza kwesokudla, ukhethe into "Vula esibulalayo".
Ngokusho kwemiphumela, i- "Terminal" izovuleka, lapho i-directory ekhethiwe izoboniswa khona.
Umyalo we-Cd
Uma ungafuni ukusebenzisa indlela yangaphambilini noma ungenayo imenenja yefayela, ungacacisa isiqondisi ngaphandle kokushiya i-Terminal. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umyalo cd. Konke okudingeka ukwenze ukubhalela lo myalo, bese ucacisa indlela eya kumqondisi. Ake siyihlele nje ngesibonelo sefolda. "Amadokhumenti". Faka umyalo:
cd / home / UserName / Amadokhumenti
Nasi isibonelo sokusebenza okwenziwa:
Njengoba ungabona, kufanele uqale ungene indlela yokuqondisa (1), futhi ngemva kokucindezela ukhiye Ngena "Esigodini" kufanele siboniswe isiqondisi esikhethiwe (2).
Ngemuva kokuthi ufunde ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani isiqondisi lapho ukusebenza namafayela kuzokwenziwa khona, ungaqhubeka ngqo kwinkqubo yokudala nokususa amafayela.
Ukudala amafayela nge "Terminal"
Ukuze uqale, vula i-Terminal ngokwayo ngokucindezela inhlanganisela eyinhloko I-CTRL + ALT + T. Manje ungaqala ukudala amafayela. Ukwenza lokhu, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izindlela eziyisithupha ezihlukene, ezizoboniswa ngezansi.
Thinta insiza
Injongo yeQembu thinta ku-Linux, ushintsho lwe-timestamp (isikhathi sokushintsha nesikhathi sokusebenzisa). Kodwa uma i-Umbuso ingatholi igama lefayili efakiwe, lizodala ngokuzenzakalelayo elisha.
Ngakho, ukwakha ifayela, udinga ukucacisa emgqeni womyalo:
thinta "ifayela lefayela"(okudingekayo kumaphuzu).
Nasi isibonelo somyalo onjalo:
Umsebenzi wokuvuselela umsebenzi
Le ndlela ingabhekwa njengento elula kakhulu. Ukudala ifayela nalo, udinga nje ukucacisa uphawu lokuqondisa kabusha bese ufaka igama lefayela elidalwa:
> "IfayelaName"(okudingekayo kumaphuzu)
Isibonelo:
Imiyalo ye-Echo nenqubo yokuvuselela umsebenzi
Le ndlela ayifani neze neyaphambilini, kuphela kuleli cala kuyadingeka ukungena umyalo we-echo ngaphambi kwesignali yokuqondisa kabusha:
i-echo> "FileName"(okudingekayo kumaphuzu)
Isibonelo:
Usizo lwe-Cp
Njengoba kunjalo nesevisi thinta, injongo enkulu yethimba cp ayikudala amafayela amasha. Kudingeka ukukopisha. Nokho, ukubeka okuguquguqukayo "null"Uzokwakha idokhumenti entsha:
cp / dev / null "iFayileName"(okudingekayo ngaphandle kwamacaphuno)
Isibonelo:
Umyalo wekati nemisebenzi yokuvuselela imisebenzi
ikati - Lo ngumyalo osebenzela ukubopha futhi ubheke amafayela nokuqukethwe kwawo, kodwa kufanelekile ukuyisebenzisa kanye nokuqondisa kabusha inqubo, njengoba izokwenza ngokushesha ifayela elisha:
ikati / dev / null> "IfayelaName"(okudingekayo kumaphuzu)
Isibonelo:
Vim umhleli wombhalo
Ivela kusizo vim Inhloso eyinhloko ukusebenzisana namafayela. Noma kunjalo, ayinawo isikhombikubona - zonke izenzo zenziwa nge "Terminal".
Ngeshwa vim hhayi ukuqalwa kuzo zonke izimpahla, isibonelo, ku-Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS akuyona. Kodwa akunandaba, ungayilanda kalula kusuka egcinweni bese uyifaka kukhompyutha yakho ngaphandle kokushiya i-Terminal.
Qaphela: uma umhleli wombhalo wombhalo vim usuvele ufake, bese weqa lesi sinyathelo bese uya ngqo ekudaleni ifayela nalo
Ukufaka, faka umyalo:
Sudo ukufaka vim
Ngemuva kokuchofoza Ngena kudingeka ufake iphasiwedi. Faka futhi ulinde ukulanda nokufakwa. Ngenqubo, ungacelwa ukuthi uqinisekise ukukhishwa komyalo - faka incwadi "D" bese uchofoza Ngena.
Ukuqedwa kohlelo lokufaka kungagwetshwa ngegama login kanye nekhomputha.
Ngemuva kokufaka umhleli wombhalo vim Ungaqala ukudala amafayela ohlelweni. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa umyalo:
vim -c wq "IfayelaName"(okudingekayo kumaphuzu)
Isibonelo:
Ngenhla kwakuyizindlela eziyisithupha zokwakha amafayela kuma-Linux distributions. Yiqiniso, lokhu akunakwenzeka, kodwa kuphela ingxenye, kodwa ngosizo lwabo nakanjani uzokwazi ukuqedela lo msebenzi.
Ukususa amafayela nge "Terminal"
Ukususa amafayela ku-Terminal kufana nokuwadala. Into esemqoka ukwazi yonke imiyalo edingekayo.
Okubalulekile: ukususa amafayela kusuka ohlelweni ngokusebenzisa "i-Terminal", uyabasusa unomphela, okungukuthi, "kwi-Basketball" ukuzithola kamuva ngeke kusebenze.
Umyalo we-Rm
Ngokuqondile iqembu rm isebenza ku-linux ukususa amafayela. Kumele nje ucacise isiqondisi, faka umyalo bese ufaka igama lefayela ofuna ukususa:
rm "IfayelaName"(okudingekayo kumaphuzu)
Isibonelo:
Njengoba ungabona, ngemuva kokusebenzisa lo myalo, ifayela ku-imenenja yefayela ayikho. "Idokhumenti entsha".
Uma ufuna ukusula yonke isiqondisi samafayela angadingekile, kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukufaka amagama abo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Kulula ukusebenzisa umyalo okhethekile ukuthi ususe ngokuzenzakalelayo wonke amafayela:
rm *
Isibonelo:
Ngemva kokukhipha lo myalo, ungabona ukuthi wonke amafayela adalwe ngaphambilini asuswe kumphathi wefayela.
Indlela 2: Imenenja yefayela
Imenenja yefayela yanoma yisiphi isistimu yokusebenza (OS) inhle ngoba ikunika ithuba lokubuka wonke ama-manipulations okuqhubekayo, ngokuphambene neGedali nelayini lomyalo. Noma kunjalo, kunezinhlawulo. Omunye wabo: akunakwenzeka ukulandelela ngokuningiliziwe izinqubo ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuthile.
Kunoma yikuphi, abasebenzisi abasanda kufaka ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux kwikhompyutha yabo, kuphelele, njengoba kufana ne-Windows, njengoba bekusho, kubonakala.
Qaphela: Lesi sihloko sizosebenzisa imenenja yefayela le-Nautilus njengesibonelo, okuyinto ejwayelekile kumaphesenti amaningi we-Linux. Noma kunjalo, imiyalelo yabanye abaphathi iyafana, kuphela amagama wezinto kanye nendawo yezici zesikhombimsebenzisi zingahluka.
Dala ifayela kumphathi wefayela
Yenza okulandelayo ukuze udale ifayela:
- Vula imenenja yefayela (kulokhu, i-Nautilus) ngokuchofoza isithonjana sayo kubha yomsebenzi noma ukwenza ucwaningo ohlelweni.
- Yiya ohlwini lwemibhalo olufunayo.
- Chofoza ngakwesokudla (RMB) endaweni engenalutho.
- Emenyu yomongo, thuthela isikhombisi entweni "Dala idokhumenti" bese ukhetha ifomethi oyidingayo (kulokhu, ifomethi eyodwa - "Idokhumenti engabhaliwe").
Emva kwalokho, ifayela elingenalutho lizovela esiqondisweni, okudingeka nje unikezwe igama.
Susa ifayela kumphathi wefayela
Inqubo yokususa kubaphathi be-Linux ilula nakakhulu futhi isheshe. Ukuze ususe ifayela, kuyo kumele uqale ucindezele i-RMB, bese ukhetha into emenyu yemongo "Susa".
Ungakwazi futhi ukusheshisa le nqubo ngokukhetha ifayela oyifunayo bese ucindezela SUSELA kwikhibhodi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzothuthela ku "I-Basketball". Ngendlela, ingabuyiselwa. Ukuze ushayele ifayela kuze kube phakade, chofoza ngakwesokudla kwisithonjana sodoti bese ukhetha "Inqola engenalutho".
Isiphetho
Njengoba ungabona, kunezindlela eziningi zokudala nokususa amafayela ku-Linux. Ungasebenzisa okujwayelekile, okusebenzisa amandla omphathi wefayela wesistimu, futhi ungasebenzisa okuqinisekisiwe nokwethenjelwa, usebenzisa i- "Terminal" nemiyalo efanele. Kunoma yikuphi, uma enye yezindlela ihluleka, ungasebenzisa njalo asele.
