Uma ukhetha i-monitor noma i-laptop, ngokuvamile kuvame ukubuza ukuthi iyiphi i-matrix yeskrini yokukhetha: i-IPS, i-TN noma i-VA. Futhi kuzo izici zezimpahla kukhona zombili izinguqulo ezihlukene zala matrices, njenge-UWVA, i-PLS noma i-AH-IPS, kanye nemikhiqizo engavamile ngobuchwepheshe obufana ne-IGZO.
Kulesi sibuyekezo - ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokwahlukana phakathi kwamatrices ahlukene, mayelana nokuthi yini engcono: i-IPS noma i-TN, mhlawumbe - i-VA, futhi nokuthi kungani impendulo yalo mbuzo ingabi njalo. Bheka futhi: Isibukeli se-USB Type-C no-Thunderbolt 3, isikrini se-Matte noma se-glossy - okungcono?
IPS vs TN vs VA - umehluko omkhulu
Okokuqala, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamatrices: I-IPS (In-Plane Switching), TN (Twisted Nematic) futhi VA (kanye ne-MVA ne-PVA - Ukuvumelanisa okulinganayo) esetshenziselwa ukwakha izikrini zabaqapheli nama-laptops omsebenzisi wokugcina.
Ngiyaqaphela kusengaphambili ukuthi sikhuluma ngamatrices "ahlukene" alolu hlobo ngalunye, ngoba, uma sithatha ukubonisa okucacile, khona-ke phakathi kwezikrini ezimbili ze-IPS ezihlukeneko ngezinye izikhathi zingase zihluke kakhulu kunezinga eliphakathi kwe-IPS ne-TN, esizoxoxa ngakho.
- Ama-matrices e-TN athola isikhathi sokuphendula futhi isilinganiso sokuvuselela isikrini: Izikrini eziningi ezinesikhathi sokuphendula 1 ms kanye nemvamisa ye-144 Hz yiyona ncamashi i-TFT TN, ngakho-ke zivame ukuthenga imidlalo lapho le parameter ibalulekile. I-IPS ihlola ngezinga lokuvuselela lika-144 Hz selivele lisethengiswa, kepha: intengo yabo isencane kakhulu kuqhathaniswa ne "IPS evamile" ne "TN 144 Hz", futhi isikhathi sokuphendula sise-4 ms (kodwa kunamanye amamodeli lapho ku-1 ms ). I-VA iqapha ngezinga eliphakeme lokuvuselela futhi isikhathi esincane sokuphendula sitholakala, kodwa ngokwezinga lobuciko kanye nezindleko ze-TN - endaweni yokuqala.
- I-IPS inayo ama-angles okubukwa kakhulu futhi lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lwamaphaneli, i-VA - endaweni yesibili, i-TN - ekugcineni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ubheka ohlangothini lweskrini, inani eliphansi lembala nokuhlanekezela kokukhanya lizobonakala ku-IPS.
- Ku-matrix we-IPS, vula, kukhona inkinga yokungena emaceleni noma emaphethelweni esizinda esingemnyama, uma kubhekwa ohlangothini noma nje kube nokuqapha okukhulu, cishe, njengesithombeni ngezansi.
- Ukuhumusha kombala - lapha, futhi, ngokwesilinganiso, i-IPS iwina, ukukhanya kwabo kombala kungcono kakhulu kunalokho kwe-matrices we-TN ne-VA. Cishe wonke ama-matrices anombala we-10-bit yi-IPS, kodwa izinga liyi-8 bits ye-IPS ne-VA, ama-bits angu-6 we-TN (kodwa kunezimbalwa ezingu-8 ze-TN matrix).
- VA iwina ekusebenzeni qhathanisa: la matrices ukuvimba ukukhanya kangcono futhi unikeze umbala omnyama ojulile. Nge-rendering yombala, nabo, bangcono kakhulu kune-TN.
- Intengo - Njengomthetho, ngezinye izici ezifanayo, izindleko zokuqapha noma i-laptop nge-matrix ye-TN noma i-VA zizobe ziphansi kune-IPS.
Kuneminye imibono engavamile ukubonisa ukuthi: isibonelo, i-TN idla amandla angaphansi futhi ingase ingabi ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu ye-PC yedeskithophu (kodwa ingabalulekile i-laptop).
Luhlobo luni lwe-matrix olungcono kumageyimu, ihluzo kanye nezinye izinhloso?
Uma lokhu kungesiye ukubuyekezwa kokuqala okufundayo ngamatrices ahlukile, kungenzeka ukuthi usubonile iziphetho:
- Uma ungumdlali we-hardcore, ukhetha u-TN, i-144 Hz, ne-G-Sync noma i-AMD-Freesync ubuchwepheshe.
- Umthwebuli wezithombe noma i-videographer, esebenza ngegrafu noma ukubukela amabhayisikobho - I-IPS, ngezinye izikhathi ungabheka ngokushelela i-VA.
Futhi, uma uthatha izici ezithile, izincomo zilungile. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bakhohlwa ngezinye izici eziningi:
- Kunamatrices aphansi we-IPS nama-TN ahle kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma siqhathanisa i-MacBook Air ne-TN matrix kanye ne-laptop eshibhile nge-IPS (lokhu kungaba ama-model ama-Digma noma ama-Prestigio aphansi, noma into efana ne-HP Pavilion 14), sibona ukuthi i-TN matrix iholela phambili uqobo elangeni, unombala wokubala ombala kakhulu we-sRGB no-AdobeRGB, i-angle yokubuka okuhle. Futhi noma ngabe amamatiriysi we-IPS angabizi angaphambuki imibala ngama-angles amakhulu, kodwa kusukela engxenyeni lapho ukuboniswa kwe-TN kwe-MacBook Air kuqala ukuguqula, awukwazi ukubona noma yini kule matrix ye-IPS (iya emnyama). Uma itholakala, ungase uqhathanise ama-iPhones amabili afanayo nekrini yangempela futhi ulingane nolunye uhlobo lwesiShayina: kokubili yi-IPS, kodwa umehluko ubonakala kalula.
- Akuwona wonke umthengi wezikrini zekhompuyutha kanye nabaqaphi bekhompyutha abaxhomeke ngokuqondile ebuchwepheni obusetshenziselwa ukwenza umthamo we-LCD ngokwayo. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bayakhohlwa mayelana nepharamitha elinjalo njengokukhanya: ukuzitholela ngesibindi umlindo we-Hz 144 Hz ngokukhanya okubonakalayo kwe-250 cd / m2 (empeleni, uma kufinyelelwe, kungaphakathi kwesikrini) futhi uqale ukuhlala ngokukhipha, ngokuqondile kuma-angles angakwesokudla kahle egumbini elimnyama. Nakuba kungase kuhlakaniphe ukusindisa imali encane, noma ukuma ku-75 Hz, kodwa isikrini esicacile.
Ngenxa yalokho: akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunikeza impendulo ecacile, kodwa yini ezoba ngcono, egxile kuphela kohlobo lwe-matrix kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhona. Indima enkulu idlala ibhajethi, ezinye izici zeskrini (ukukhanya, ukuxazulula, njll) kanye nokukhanyisa egumbini lapho kuzosetshenziswa khona. Zama ukuba uqaphele ngangokunokwenzeka ekukhethweni ngaphambi kokuthenga uphinde uhlole izibuyekezo, ungathembeli kuphela kuzibuyekezo ngomoya we-"IPS ngentengo ye-TN" noma "Lokhu kungu-144 Hz eshibhile."
Ezinye izinhlobo zeMatri and Notation
Uma ukhetha umqapha noma i-laptop, ngaphezu kweziphakamiso ezivamile ezifana namatrices, ungathola abanye ngolwazi oluncane. Okokuqala: zonke izinhlobo zezikrini ezixoxwe ngenhla zingase zibe yi-TFT ne-LCD, ngoba bonke basebenzisa amakristali amanzi kanye nomthamo osebenzayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, mayelana nezinye izici zezimpawu ongahlangabezana nazo:
- PLS, AHVA, AH-IPS, UWVA, S-IPS kanti abanye - ukuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kobuchwepheshe be-IPS, ngokuvamile bufana. Ezinye zazo, empeleni, zibizwa ngamagama we-IPS wabanye abakhiqizi (i-PLS - kusuka ku-Samsung, i-UWVA - HP).
- I-SVA, i-S-PVA, i-MVA - ukuguqulwa kwama-VA-panels.
- Igzo - ekuthengiseni ungahlangana nabaqaphi, kanye nama-laptops ane-matrix, ekhethwe njenge-IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide). Isifinyezo asikho ngokuphelele ngohlobo lwe-matrix (eqinisweni, namuhla kuyi-panel ye-IPS, kodwa ubuchwepheshe buhlelwe ukuthi busetshenziselwe i-OLED), kodwa mayelana nohlobo nolwazi lwababhalisi abasebenzisa: uma kuzikrini ezijwayelekile kuyi-Si-TFT, lapha i-IGZO-TFT. Izinzuzo: abahamba ngezinyathelo ezinjalo babala futhi banamabanga amancane, ngenxa yalokho: umthamo ocacile nangokwengeziwe (aSi-transistors ahlanganisa ingxenye yezwe).
- OLED - kuze kube manje azikho abaqapheli abaningi: Dell UP3017Q ne-ASUS ProArt PQ22UC (ayikho enye yawo eyathengiswa eRussia Federation). Inzuzo enkulu ngumbala omnyama ngempela (ama-diode aphelile ngokuphelele, akukho emuva), ngakho-ke umehluko ophezulu kakhulu, ungaba mnandi kakhulu kunezilinganiso. Ukungalungi: intengo ingahle idlule isikhathi, kanti ubuchwepheshe obusha bokukhiqiza ukuhlola, ngenxa yezinkinga ezingalindelekile.
Ngithemba, ngikwazi ukuphendula eminye yemibuzo mayelana ne-IPS, TN namanye amamatiriyithi, ukulalela imibuzo eyengeziwe nokusiza ukubhekana ngokucophelela nokukhethwa.
