I-proxy ibizwa ngokuthi iseva lesisemkhatsini lapho isicelo esivela kumsebenzisi noma impendulo evela kwiseva yokuphela idlulayo. Loluhlelo lokuxhuma lungaziwa kubo bonke abahlanganyeli benethiwekhi noma luzofihlwa, okuvele lusekelwe enjongweni yokusetshenziswa kanye nohlobo lommeleli. Kunezinhloso eziningana zalolu buchwepheshe, futhi linomgomo wokusebenza othakazelisayo, engingathanda ukukutshela kabanzi ngawo. Ake siqale ingxoxo ngokushesha.
Uhlangothi lwezobuchwepheshe lommeleli
Uma uchaza isimiso sokusebenza kwawo ngamazwi alula, kufanele uqaphele kuphela ezinye zezici zayo zobuchwepheshe ezizosiza umsebenzisi ojwayelekile. Inqubo yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa ummeleli kanje:
- Uxhuma kusuka kukhompyutha yakho kuya ku-PC eyikude, futhi isebenza njengommeleli. Inesethi ekhethekile yesofthiwe eyenzelwe ukucubungula nokukhipha izinhlelo zokusebenza.
- Le khompyutha ithola isignali evela kuwe futhi iyithumela kumthombo wokugcina.
- Khona-ke ithola isignali kusuka kumthombo wokugcina futhi ikubuyisela kuwe, uma kudingeka.
Yile ndlela indlela iseva ephakathi isebenza ngayo phakathi kwekhamera lamakhompyutha amabili ngendlela eqondile. Isithombe ngezansi sibonisa isimiso sokuxhumana.
Ngenxa yalokhu, umthombo wokugcina akufanele uthole igama lekhompyutha yangempela lapho isicelo senziwe khona; uzokwazi ulwazi kuphela nge-server yommeleli. Ake sixoxe kabanzi ngezinhlobo zobuchwepheshe obucatshangelwayo.
Izinhlobo zamaseva we-proxy
Uma ngabe uhlangabezane noma usuvele ujwayelene nobuchwepheshe be-proxy, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zazo. Ngamunye wabo wenza indima ethize futhi izoba efaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezahlukene. Ake sichaze kafushane izinhlobo ezingavunyelwe phakathi kwabasebenzisi abajwayelekile:
- Ummeleli we-FTP. Inqubo yokudluliswa kwedatha kwinethiwekhi ye-FTP ikuvumela ukuthi udlulise amafayela ngaphakathi kwamaseva bese uxhuma kubo ukubuka nokuhlela izinkomba. Ummeleli we-FTP usetshenziselwa ukulayisha izinto kumaseva anjalo;
- I-CGI ukhumbuza kancane kwe-VPN, kodwa isengummeleli. Inhloso yalo enkulu ukuvula noma yiliphi ikhasi kusiphequluli ngaphandle kwezilungiselelo zokuqala. Uma uthola i-anonymizer ku-intanethi, lapho udinga ukufaka isixhumanisi, bese kukhona ukuguquka kuyo, cishe insiza enjalo isebenze ne-CGI;
- SMTP, I-Pop3 futhi I-IMAP Kubandakanyeke ngamakhasimende amaklayenti ukuthumela nokwamukela ama-imeyili.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezengeziwe abasebenzisi abavamile ababhekana nazo njalo. Lapha ngingathanda ukuxoxa nabo ngokuningiliziwe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwabo futhi ukhethe amathekisthi afanelekayo okusetshenziswa.
Ummeleli we-HTTP
Lo mbono uvame kakhulu futhi uhlela umsebenzi weziphequluli nezinhlelo zokusebenza usebenzisa i-TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). Le protocol isekelwe futhi isinqumo sokunquma nokugcina ukuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi amabili. Ama-standard Standard HTTP angama-80, 8080 no-3128. Imisebenzi ye-proxy imane nje - isiphequluli sewebhu noma isofthiwe ithumela isicelo sokuvula isixhumanisi kwisiphakeli se-proxy, ithola idatha kusuka kuleyo nsiza eceliwe iphinde uyibuyise kukhompyutha yakho. Ngenxa yalesi simiso, ummeleli we-HTTP uvumela ukuthi:
- Fihla ulwazi olukhishiwe ukuze ulivule ngokushesha ngesikhathi esizayo.
- Vimbela ukufinyelela komsebenzisi kumasayithi ethize.
- Hlunga idatha, isibonelo, ukuvimbela amayunithi wesikhangiso kumthombo, ushiye isikhala esingenalutho noma ezinye izakhi.
- Setha umkhawulo ngesivinini sokuxhumeka kumasayithi.
- Ngena ngemvume yokungena ngemvume bese ubheka ithrafikhi yomsebenzisi.
Konke lokhu kuvula kuvulwa amathuba amaningi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomsebenzi kunethiwekhi, okuyinto abasebenzisi abasebenza ngokuvamile ababhekana nazo. Mayelana nokungaziwa enkundleni, amaphrojekthi we-HTTP ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezintathu:
- Okungafani. Ungafihli i-IP yomthumeli wesicelo bese uyinikezela kumthombo wokugcina. Lo mbono awufanelekile ukungaziwa;
- Angaziwa. Bazisa umthombo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwesiphakeli esiphakathi, kodwa i-IP yekhasimende ayivuli. Ukungaziwa kulokhu akukakapheli, ngoba ukukhishwa kwiseva ngokwayo kungatholakala;
- I-Elite. Bathengwa ngemali enkulu futhi basebenza ngokuvumelana nesimiso esikhethekile, lapho umthombo wokugcina engazi ngokusetshenziswa kommeli, ngokulandelana, IP yangempela yomsebenzisi ayivuli.
I-proxy ye-HTTPS
I-HTTPS iyi-HTTP efanayo, kodwa uxhumano luvikelekile, njengoba kuboniswe yincwadi S ekugcineni. Ama-proxies anjalo afinyelelwe lapho kudingeka ukudlulisa idatha eyimfihlakalo noma eyibhaliwe, njengomthetho, lawa angena ngemvume futhi amaphasiwedi ama-akhawunti womsebenzisi kusayithi. Ulwazi oludluliselwa nge-HTTPS alutholakali njenge-HTTP efanayo. Esimweni sesibili, ukungena ngemvume kusebenza ngokusebenzisa i-proxy ngokwayo noma ezingeni eliphansi lokufinyelela.
Ngokuqinisekile bonke abahlinzeki bafinyelela ulwazi oludlulisiwe futhi badala izingodo zalo. Yonke le lwazi igcinwa kumavava futhi isebenza njengobufakazi bezenzo kwinethiwekhi. Ukulondeka kwedatha yomuntu siqu kunikezwa yi-protocol ye-HTTPS, kubhala yonke imoto nge-algorithm ekhethekile engamelana nokukhwabanisa. Ngenxa yokuthi idatha idluliselwa ngendlela efakwe ngekhodi, ummeleli ongenakukwazi ukuyifunda nokuyihlunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akabandakanyeki ekumenikeleni nokunye okusetshenziselwa ukucubungula.
I-proxy SOCKS
Uma sikhuluma ngenhlobo yeproxy eqhubekayo kakhulu, akungabazeki ukuthi i-SOCKS. Lobu buchwepheshe budala ekuqaleni kwalezi zinhlelo ezingasisekeli ukuxhumana ngokuqondile nesiphakeli esiphakathi. Manje ama-SOCKS ashintshile kakhulu futhi asebenzisana kahle nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo. Lolu hlobo lwe-proxy aluvuli ikheli lakho le-IP, ngakho-ke lingabhekwa njengalokhu lingaziwa.
Kungani udinga iseva ye-proxy yomsebenzisi ojwayelekile nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani
Ezimweni zangempela zamanje, cishe wonke umsebenzisi we-inthanethi osebenzayo uye wahlangabezana nokukhiya nokuvinjelwa okuhlukahlukene kunethiwekhi. Ukunciphisa ukuvinjelwa okunjalo yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza abasebenzisi abaningi bafune futhi bafake ummeleli kukhompyutha noma isiphequluli sabo. Kunezindlela eziningi zokufaka nokusebenza, okunye okubandakanya ukwenza izenzo ezithile. Hlola zonke izindlela kwezinye izihloko ngokuchofoza isixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Funda kabanzi: Ukuhlela uxhumano ngokusebenzisa iseva proxy
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uxhumano olunjalo lunganciphisa noma linciphise kakhulu isivinini se-intanethi (kuye ngokuthi indawo yesiphakeli esiphakathi). Khona-ke ngezikhathi ezithile udinga ukukhubaza ummeleli. Umhlahlandlela oningiliziwe walo msebenzi, funda.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe:
Khubaza isiphakeli se-proxy ku-Windows
Ungakhubaza kanjani ummeleli ku-Yandex Browser
Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-VPN ne-proxy iseva
Akubona bonke abasebenzisi abahlolisise isihloko sokuthi i-VPN ihluke kanjani kummeleli. Kubonakala sengathi bobabili bashintsha ikheli le-IP, banikeze ukufinyelela kwimithombo evinjiwe futhi banikeze amagama. Kodwa-ke, isimiso sokusebenza kwalezi zibuchwepheshe ezimbili sihluke ngokuphelele. Izinzuzo ze-proxy yizici ezilandelayo:
- Ikheli lakho le-IP lizofihlwa ngokuhlola okuphezulu kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, uma izinsizakalo ezikhethekile zingabandakanyeki.
- Indawo yakho iyofihlwa ngoba isayithi ithola isicelo kusuka kumlamuli futhi ibona isikhundla sayo kuphela.
- Izilungiselelo ezithile ze-proxy zenza ukubethelwa kwe-traffic okuhlakaniphile, ngakho uvikelekile kumafayela anonya kusuka kwimithombo esolisayo.
Noma kunjalo, kunamaphuzu amabi futhi anjengoba:
- I-traffic yakho ye-Inthanethi ayibhaliwe ngenkathi idlula kuseva eliphakathi.
- Ikheli alifihliwe ezindleleni zokuthola ulwazi olufanele, ngakho-ke uma kunesidingo, ikhompyutha yakho ingatholakala kalula.
- Yonke imoto idlula nge-server, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukufunda kuphela ohlangothini lwakhe, kodwa futhi ukukhulelwa ukuze kwenziwe izenzo ezingezansi.
Namuhla, ngeke singene kwimininingwane yokuthi i-VPN isebenza kanjani; siyabona kuphela ukuthi amanethiwekhi angasese angasese avumelana nomzila we-encrypted (okuthinta isivinini sokuxhumana). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, banikeza ukuvikeleka okungcono nokungaziwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-VPN enhle iyabiza kakhulu kune-proxy, ngoba ukubethela kudinga amandla amakhulu wekhompyutha.
Funda futhi: Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-VPN namaseva wommeleli wensizakalo ye-HideMy.name
Manje ujwayele imigomo eyisisekelo yokusebenza nenhloso ye-server ye-proxy. Namuhla ubuyekezwe ulwazi oluyisisekelo oluzosiza kakhulu kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile.
Bheka futhi:
Ukufakwa kwamahhala kwe-VPN kwikhompyutha
Uhlobo lwe-VPN Connection
