Uma usebenzisa amafomula ku-Microsoft Excel, abasebenzisi kufanele basebenze ngezixhumanisi kwamanye amaseli asetshenzisiwe. Kodwa akuwona wonke umsebenzisi owaziyo ukuthi lezi zixhumanisi zinezinhlobo ezimbili: ngokuphelele futhi isihlobo. Ake sizithole ukuthi zihluke kanjani phakathi kwabo, nokuthi zakha kanjani isixhumanisi sohlobo olufunayo.
Incazelo yezixhumanisi eziphelele nezihlobene
Yiziphi izixhumanisi eziphelele nezihlobene ku-Excel?
Izixhumanisi ezingalungile ziyizixhumanisi ukuthi, uma zikopishwa, izixhumanisi zamaseli aziguquki, zisesimweni esinqunyiwe. Ngezixhumanisi ezihlobene, izixhumanisi zamaseli ziyashintsha lapho zikopishwa, ezihlobene namanye amaseli wekhasi.
Isibonelo sokubhekisela kohlobo
Ake sibonise ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani nesibonelo. Thatha itafula eliqukethe ubuningi nentengo yezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo. Sidinga ukubala izindleko.
Lokhu kwenziwa ngokumane ukwandisa inani (ikholomu B) ngentengo (ikholomu C). Isibonelo, ngenxa yegama lokuqala lomkhiqizo, ifomula izobukeka "= B2 * C2". Sifaka esitokisini esilandelayo setafula.
Manje, ukuze ungadlulisi emafomulini amangqamuzana angezansi, silanda ukukopisha leli fomu kukholomu yonke. Sifika engxenyeni engezansi engezansi yeseli yefomula, chofoza inkinobho yegundane lesokunxele bese uhudula igundane phansi lapho inkinobho ibanjwe phansi. Ngakho-ke, ifomula likopishwa kwamanye amaseli etafula.
Kodwa, njengoba sibona, ifomula esitokisini esingaphansi ayibheki "= B2 * C2"futhi "= B3 * C3". Ngakho-ke, amafomula ngezansi ashintshiwe. Lo mhlaba ushintsho uma ukopisha futhi unezixhumanisi ezihlobene.
Iphutha ekuxhumaneni okuhlobene
Kodwa, hhayi kuzo zonke izimo sidinga izixhumanisi ezihlobene ncamashi. Isibonelo, sidinga etafuleni elifanayo ukubala isabelo sezindleko zento ngayinye yezimpahla ezivela kwinani eliphelele. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuhlukanisa izindleko ngenani eliphelele. Isibonelo, ukuze sibone inani lamazambane, sihlukanisa izindleko zayo (D2) ngenani eliphelele (D7). Sithola ifomula elandelayo: "= D2 / D7".
Uma sizama ukukopisha ifomula kwenye imigqa ngendlela efanayo nangesikhathi esidlule, sithola umphumela ongenakuqhathaniswa ngokuphelele. Njengoba ungabona, emgqeni wesibili wetafula, ifomula ifomu "= D3 / D8", okungukuthi, hhayi kuphela ukubhekisela kweseli ngenani lomugqa, kodwa futhi ukubhekisela kweseli elibhekele isamba esikhulu kuye kwashintsha.
I-D8 iyiselula engenalutho, ngakho-ke ifomula inikeza iphutha. Ngakho-ke, ifomula emgqeni ongezansi izobhekisela kuseli D9, njll. Kodwa-ke, sidinga ukuthi uma ukukopisha, ukubhekisela kweseli D7 kugcinwa njalo, lapho inani eliphelele likhona, nezinkomba eziphelele zinempahla enjalo.
Dala isixhumanisi esiphelele
Ngakho-ke, ngesibonelo sethu, umshayeli kufanele abe isithenjwa sesihlobo, futhi ushintshe emgqeni ngamunye wetafula, futhi isahluko kufanele sibe ireferensi eliphelele elibhekisela kwelinye iseli.
Ngokudala izixhumanisi ezihlobene, abasebenzisi ngeke babe nezinkinga, ngoba zonke izixhumanisi ku-Microsoft Excel zihlobene ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa uma udinga ukuxhumana okuphelele, kuzomele usebenzise inqubo eyodwa.
Ngemuva kokuba ifomula ingenwe, sivele singene esitokisini, noma kubha yefomula, phambi kwezixhumanisi zekholomu kanye nelayini leseli, lapho kufanele kubhekiswe khona irekhodi eliphelele, isibonakaliso se-dollar. Ungakwazi futhi, ngokushesha ngemuva kokungena ekheli, cindezela ukhiye we-F7, futhi izimpawu ze dollar zizovela ngokuzenzekelayo phambi kwezixhumanisi zegqawu nekholomu. Ifomula esitokisini esiphezulu sizobukeka kanje: "= D2 / $ D $ 7".
Kopisha ifomula phansi kwekholomu. Njengoba ungabona, manje konke kwavela. Amaseli angamagugu avumelekile. Isibonelo, emgqeni wesibili wetafula, ifomula ibonakala "= D3 / $ D $ 7", okungukuthi, umhlukanisi ushintshile, futhi isahluko asisashintshi.
Izixhumanisi ezixubile
Ngaphezu kwezixhumanisi ezijwayelekile nezihlobo, kukhona okuthiwa izixhumanisi ezixubekile. Kuzo, enye yezingxenye iyahlukahluka, futhi okwesibili kulungisiwe. Isibonelo, kusixhumanisi esixubile $ D7, umugqa ushintshiwe, futhi ikholomu isilungisiwe. Isixhumanisi D $ 7, ngokuphambene, sishintsha ikholomu, kodwa umugqa unenani eliphelele.
Njengoba ungabona, uma usebenza ngamafomula ku-Microsoft Excel, kufanele usebenze kokubili nezixhumanisi ezihambelanayo nezizokwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Kwezinye izimo, izixhumanisi ezixubile ziyasetshenziswa futhi. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzisi ngisho nezinga elijwayelekile kufanele aqonde ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kwabo, futhi akwazi ukusebenzisa la mathuluzi.
