Ukufakwa kwe-Linux egcwele ku-flash drive

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza (OS) zifakiwe kuma-drive asebenzayo noma i-SSD, okungukuthi, enkumbulo yikhompyutha, kodwa akubona wonke umuntu ozwile ngokufakwa okuphelele kwe-OS ku-flash flash drive ye-USB. Nge-Windows, ngeshwa, lokhu ngeke kuphumelele, kodwa i-Linux izokuvumela ukuba wenze lokhu.

Bheka futhi: Umhlahlandlela wokufaka ngezinyathelo ze-Linux kusuka ku-flash drive

Ukufaka i-Linux ku-flash flash drive ye-USB

Lolu hlobo lokufakwa lunalo izici zalo - kokubili okuhle nokubi. Isibonelo, ukuba ne-OS egcwele ku-flash drive, ungasebenza kuwo ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu akuyona isithombe esibukhoma sokusabalalisa, njengoba abaningi kungenzeka bacabanga, amafayela ngeke aphele ngemuva kokuphela kweseshini. Izinkinga zifakazela ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-OS enjalo kungaba umyalo wezinga eliphansi-konke kuxhomeke ekukhethweni kokusabalalisa kanye nezilungiselelo ezifanele.

Isinyathelo 1: imisebenzi yokulungiselela

Ngokuyinhloko, ukufakwa kwi-USB flash drive akufani kakhulu nokufakwa kukhompyutha, isibonelo, kusengaphambili udinga ukulungiselela i-boot disk noma i-flash flash drive ne-Linux image eqoshiwe. Ngendlela, lesi sihloko sizosebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Ubuntu, isithombe salo esibhalwe kwi-flash flash drive, kodwa imiyalo ivamile kuwo wonke ama-distributions.

Funda kabanzi: Indlela yokudala idrayivu ye-USB ye-bootable ngokusabalalisa kwe-Linux

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi udinga ukushayela ama-flash amabili - eyodwa kusuka kumemori angu-4 GB, futhi owesibili kusuka ku-8 GB. Omunye wabo uzorekhodwa kwesithombe se-OS (4 GB), kanti okwesibili kuzobe ukufakwa kwe-OS ngokwalo (8 GB).

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Khetha i-Disk Disk ku-BIOS

Ngemuva kokushayela kwe-flash bootable ye-USB ne-Ubuntu yadalwa, udinga ukuyifaka kukhompyutha yakho bese uyiqala kusukela ku-drive. Le nqubo ingahluka ngezinguqulo ezahlukene ze-BIOS, kodwa amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo avamile kubo bonke.

Imininingwane eyengeziwe:
Ungamisa kanjani izinguqulo ezihlukile ze-BIOS ngokuphinda kusuka ku-flash drive
Indlela yokuthola inguqulo ye-BIOS

Isinyathelo 3: Qala ukufakwa

Ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuqala kusuka ku-flash drive lapho isithombe seLinux sibhalwa khona, ungaqala ngokushesha ukufaka i-OS emgqeni wesibili we-flash flash, okwamanje kulesi sigaba kufanele ufakwe ku-PC.

Ukuze uqale ukufakwa, udinga:

1. Kudeskithophu, chofoza kabili kusinqamuleli "Faka Ubuntu".



2. Khetha ulimi lwe-installer. Kunconywa ukukhetha isiRussia, ukuze amagama ahluke kulawo asetshenziswe kule ncwadi. Ngemva kokukhetha, cindezela inkinobho "Qhubekani"



3. Esigabeni sesibili sokufakwa, kuyadingeka ukufaka amabhokisi okuhlola bese uchofoza "Qhubekani". Nokho, uma ungenayo uxhumano lwe-inthanethi, lezi zilungiselelo ngeke zisebenze. Zingenziwa emva kokufakwa kwesistimu ukuze idiski ne-Inthanethi ixhunyiwe



Qaphela: ngemuva kokuchofoza okuthi "Qhubeka", uhlelo luzosikisela ukuba ususe ophethe othintekayo, kodwa awukwazi ukwenza lokhu - chofoza inkinobho ethi "Cha".

4. Isele ukukhetha kuphela uhlobo lokufakwa. Esimweni sethu, khetha "Enye indlela" bese uchofoza "Qhubekani".



Qaphela: ukulayisha ngemuva kokuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Qhubeka" kungathatha isikhathi, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke futhi ulinde kuze kuqedwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukufakwa kwe-OS.

Emva kwakho konke okushiwo ngenhla, udinga ukusebenza ngesikhala sediski, noma kunjalo, njengoba le nqubo ihilela ama-nuances amaningi, ikakhulu uma i-Linux efakwe kwi-flash flash drive, sizoyihambisa ibe yingxenye ehlukile yalesi sihloko.

Isinyathelo 4: ukuhlukanisa i-disk

Manje unayo iwindi lokuhlela disk. Ekuqaleni, udinga ukucacisa i-USB flash drive, okuzoba ukufakwa kwe-Linux. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngefayela le-disk usayizi. Ukuze wenze kube lula ukuyiqonda, hlola lezi zimingcele ezimbili ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile ama-flash drive asebenzisa uhlelo lwefayili le-FAT32, futhi usayizi lungabonakala ngokubhalisa okuhambisanayo kudivayisi yedivayisi.

Kulesi sibonelo, sichaze eyodwa yenkampani yenethiwekhi - sda. Kulesi sihloko, sizoyithatha njenge-flash drive. Esimweni sakho, kubalulekile ukwenza izenzo kuphela ngokuhlukanisa okuchaza njengedrayivu yokukhanya, ukuze ungalimazi noma ususe amafayela kusuka kwabanye.

Cishe, uma ungazange ususe ama-partitions ngaphambilini kusuka ku-flash drive, izoba neyodwa kuphela - sda1. Njengoba kuzodingeka sishintshe abezindaba, sidinga ukususa lesi sigaba ukuze sihlale "isikhala samahhala". Ukususa isigaba, chofoza inkinobho esayiniwe. "-".



Manje esikhundleni sesigaba sda1 ukubhaliswa kwavela "isikhala samahhala". Kusukela kuleli phuzu kuya phambili, ungaqala ukumaka lesi sikhala. Kuphelele, kuzodingeka ukuthi senze izigaba ezimbili: ikhaya kanye nesistimu.

Ukwakha ukwahlukana kwekhaya

Qala kuqala "isikhala samahhala" bese uchofoza ku-plus (+). Iwindi lizovela "Dala isigaba"lapho udinga ukuchaza iziguquko eziyisihlanu: usayizi, uhlobo lokuhlukanisa, indawo yalo, uhlobo lwefayili yesistimu, kanye nephuzu lezintaba.



Nakhu kuyadingeka ukuthi uhambe ngalunye lwezinto ngokuhlukile.

1. Usayizi. Ungayifaka ngokwakho, kodwa udinga ukucabangela ezinye izici. Okubalulekile ukuthi emva kokudala ukuhlukaniswa kwekhaya, kuzomele ube nendawo yamahhala yokuhlukanisa uhlelo. Qaphela ukuthi ukwahlukana kwesistimu kuthatha cishe inkumbulo engu-4-5 GB. Ngakho-ke, uma une-16 GB flash drive, ubukhulu obuphakanyisiwe bokuhlukanisa ekhaya buphakathi no-8 kuya ku-10 GB.
2. Uhlobo lwesigaba. Njengoba sifaka i-OS kwi-USB flash drive, ungakhetha "Primary", nakuba kungekho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo. Ukuqondisisa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ngezigaba ezinwetshiwe ngokusho kwayo, kepha lokhu kuyisihloko se-athikili ehlukile, ngakho-ke khetha "Primary" futhi uqhubeke.
3. Indawo yesigaba esisha. Khetha "Ukuqala kwalesi sikhala", njengoba kuyisifiso sokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwemakhaya kuqale isikhala esiphethwe. Ngendlela, indawo yesigaba ongayibona emgqeni okhethekile, ophezu kwetafula lokuhlukanisa.
4. Sebenzisa njenge. Yilapho ukungafani okuvela kokuqala kokufakwa kwe-Linux kuqala. Njengoba i-flash drive isetshenziselwa ukushayela, hhayi idiski enzima, kudingeka sikhethe ohlwini lokudonsa phansi "Ukuhambisa Ifayela Lefayela I-EXT2". Kudingekile kuphela ngesizathu esisodwa - ungakwazi kalula ukuvimbela ukungena okufanayo kuyo ukuze ukuphinda kubhale kabusha kwedatha "kwesokunxele" kungabi njalo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwe-flash drive.
5. Iphuzu lendawo. Njengoba kudingekile ukwakha ukwahlukaniswa kwekhaya, kuhlu oluhlahlisayo olufanele, kufanele ukhethe noma ubeke ngesandla "/ ekhaya".

Chofoza inkinobho. "Kulungile". Kufanele ube nento efana nesithombe ngezansi:



Ukudala ukwahlukana kwesistimu

Manje udinga ukwakha ukwahlukanisa kwesibili - uhlelo olulodwa. Lokhu kwenziwa cishe okufana nalokho okwedlule, kodwa kukhona umehluko. Isibonelo, iphuzu lezintaba kufanele ukhethe impande - "/". Futhi kumkhakha wokufaka "Imemori" - cacisa okunye. Usayizi obuncane kufanele ube ngu-4000-5000 MB. Izinhlobonhlobo ezisele kumele zihlelwe ngendlela efanayo nokuhlukaniswa kwekhaya.

Ngenxa yalokho, kufanele uthole into enjengale:



Okubalulekile: ngemuva kokumaka, kufanele ucacise indawo yomthwalo wesistimu. Lokhu kungenziwa ohlwini oluhlahlisayo oluhambisana nalo: "Idivayisi yokufaka i-bootloader". Kudingeka ukhethe i-USB flash drive, okuyi-ukufakwa kwe-Linux. Kubalulekile ukukhetha idrayivu ngokwayo, hhayi isigaba sayo. Kulesi simo, "i-dev / sda".



Ngemuva kokusebenza okwenziwe, ungacindezela ngokuphephile inkinobho "Faka manje". Uzobona ifasitela ngayo yonke imisebenzi ezokwenziwa.



Qaphela: kungenzeka ukuthi emva kokucindezela inkinobho umlayezo uzovela ukuthi isigaba sobuqaba asizange sidalwe Unganaki lokhu. Lesi sigaba asidingeki, ngoba ukufakwa kwenziwa nge-flash drive.

Uma izilinganiso zifana, zizwe ukhululekile ukucindezela "Qhubekani"uma ubona umehluko - chofoza "Buyela" futhi ushintshe konke ngokwemiyalo.

Isinyathelo 5: Qedela ukufakwa

Okunye kokufakwa akufani nenye yeklasikhi (ku-PC), kodwa kufanelekile ukuyiqokomisa nayo.

Ukukhethwa kwendawo yesikhathi

Ngemuva kokumaka i-disk uzodluliselwa ewindini elilandelayo, lapho uzodinga khona ucacise indawo yakho yesikhathi. Lokhu kubalulekile kuphela ekuboniseni isikhathi esifanele ohlelweni. Uma ungafuni ukuchitha isikhathi ukufaka noma awukwazanga ukunquma isifunda sakho, ungacindezela ngokuphepha "Qhubekani", lo msebenzi ungenziwa ngemuva kokufakwa.



Ukukhethwa kwekhibhodi

Esikrinini esilandelayo udinga ukukhetha isakhiwo sekhibhodi. Konke kulula lapha: unezinhlu ezimbili phambi kwakho, ngakwesokunxele udinga ukukhetha ngokuqondile ulimi lwesakhiwo (1), nangesibili ukuhluka (2). Ungahlola futhi isakhiwo sekhibhodi ngokwayo. insimu yokufaka (3).

Ngemuva kokunquma, cindezela inkinobho "Qhubekani".



Ukungena kwedatha yomsebenzisi

Kulesi sigaba, kufanele ucacise idatha elandelayo:

1. Igama lakho - iboniswa emnyango wesistimu futhi iyoba yisiqondiso uma udinga ukukhetha phakathi kwabasebenzisi ababili.
2. Igama lekhompyutha - ungacabanga noma yikuphi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyikhumbula, ngoba kuzodingeka ubhekane nalolu lwazi ngenkathi usebenza namafayela wesistimu futhi "Isikhumbuzo".
3. Igama lomsebenzisi - lena yisidlaliso sakho. Ungacabanga nganoma yikuphi, Nokho, njengegama lekhompiyutha, kufanelekile ukukhumbula.
4. Iphasiwedi - Dala iphasiwedi oyongena lapho ungena ngemvume ohlelweni nalapho usebenza namafayela wesistimu.

Qaphela: iphasiwedi ayidingekile ukuba ivele neyinkimbinkimbi; ungangena ngisho nephasiwedi eyodwa ukungena ku-Linux, isibonelo, "0".

Ungakhetha futhi: "Ngena ngemvume ngokuzenzakalelayo" noma "Kudinga iphasiwedi ukungena ngemvume". Esimweni sesibili, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhale phansi ifolda yasekhaya ukuze abahlaseli, ngenkathi besebenza ku-PC yakho, abakwazi ukubuka amafayela akhona kuwo.

Ngemva kokufaka yonke idatha, cindezela inkinobho "Qhubekani".



Isiphetho

Ngemuva kokuqedela yonke imiyalelo engenhla, kufanele ulinde kuze kufike ukufakwa kwe-Linux ku-USB flash drive. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yokusebenza, kungathatha isikhathi eside, kodwa ungakwazi ukuqapha yonke inqubo efasiteleni elifanele.



Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa kuqediwe, isaziso sizovela ekukhuliseni ikhompyutha yakho ukuze usebenzise i-OS egcwele noma uqhubeke usebenzisa inguqulo ye-LiveCD