I-firewall iyi-firewall eyakhiwe ku-Windows eyenzelwe ukwandisa ukuphepha kwesistimu uma isebenza kwinethiwekhi. Kulesi sihloko sizohlaziya imisebenzi esemqoka yalesi sigaba futhi sifunde ukuyihlela.
Ukusethwa kwe-Firewall
Abasebenzisi abaningi balahla i-firewall eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, becabanga ukuthi ayisebenzi. Nokho, leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuba ukwandise kakhulu ukuphepha kwe-PC yakho ngamathuluzi alula. Ngokungafani nezinhlelo zangaphandle (ikakhulukazi mahhala) izinhlelo, i-firewall kulula ukuphatha, ine-interface esibonakalayo nobungane nezilungiselelo ezicacile.
Ungafinyelela esigabeni sezinketho kusuka ku-classic "Iphaneli Yokulawula" Windows
- Shayela imenyu Qalisa inhlanganisela eyinhloko I-Windows + R bese ufaka umyalo
ukulawulaSiyacindezela "Kulungile".
- Shintshela ekubukeni imodi "Izithombe Ezincane" bese uthola i-applet "Windows Defender Firewall".
Izinhlobo zenethiwekhi
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamanethiwekhi: eziyimfihlo nezomphakathi. Okokuqala ukuxhumeka okuthembekile kumadivayisi, isibonelo, ekhaya noma ehhovisi, lapho wonke ama-node eyaziwa futhi evikelekile. Okwesibili uxhuma emithonjeni yangaphandle nge-adapters noma ama-wireless adapters. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, amanethiwekhi omphakathi abhekwa njengokungaphepheki, futhi imithetho eminingi eqinile isebenza kubo.
Vumela futhi ukhubaze, ukhiye, isaziso
Ungasebenzisa i-firewall noma uyikhubaza ngokuchofoza isixhumanisi esifanele kwisigaba sesethingi:
Kwanele ukubeka inkinobho endaweni oyifunayo bese ucindezela Ok.
Ukuvimbela kusho ukuvinjelwa kuzo zonke ukuxhumana okungenayo, okungukuthi, noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi isiphequluli, ngeke ukwazi ukulanda idatha kusuka kunethiwekhi.
Izaziso zingamafasitela akhethekile avelayo lapho izinhlelo ezisolisayo zizama ukufinyelela ku-Inthanethi noma inethiwekhi yendawo.
Umsebenzi ukhutshaziwe ngokuchofoza amabhokisi okuhlola ebhokisini lokuhlola elicacisiwe.
Setha kabusha izilungiselelo
Le nqubo isusa yonke imithetho yomsebenzisi bese isetha imingcele kumanani amisiwe.
Ukusetha kabusha kuvame ukuqhutshwa lapho ukuhlukunyezwa komlilo kubangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene, kanye nangemva kokuhlolwa okungaphumelelanga nezilungiselelo zokuphepha. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi izinketho "ezilungile" zizophinda zihlelwe kabusha, ezingabangela ukungasebenzi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga uxhumano lwenethiwekhi.
Ukuxhumana nezinhlelo
Lesi sici sivumela izinhlelo ezithile ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi yokushintshaniswa kwedatha.
Lolu hlu lubizwa nangokuthi "ngaphandle". Indlela yokusebenza naye, ake sikhulume ngengxenye ewusizo yalesi sihloko.
Imithetho
Imithetho yilapho ithuluzi elikhulu lokuvikela umlilo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungavimbela noma uvumele uxhumano lwenethiwekhi. Lezi zikhetho zikhona esigabeni sokukhetha okuthuthukisiwe.
Imithetho engenayo iqukethe izimo zokwamukela idatha kusuka ngaphandle, okungukuthi, ukulanda ulwazi kusuka kunethiwekhi (ukulanda). Izindawo zingadalwa kunoma yiziphi izinhlelo, izingxenye zesistimu, namaphakheji. Ukubeka imithetho ephumayo kusho ukuvinjelwa noma imvume yokuthumela izicelo kumaseva nokulawula inqubo yokubuyisela (ukulayisha).
Imithetho yokuphepha ikuvumela ukuba uxhumeke usebenzisa i-IPSec - isethi yamaprosesa akhethekile, ngokusho ukuthi yikuphi ukuqinisekiswa, ukuthola futhi ukuqinisekiswa kobuqotho bemininingwane etholakeleyo, kanye nokudluliselwa okuphephile kwezihluthulelo ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke.
Egatsheni "Ukubheka"Esikhathini sebalazwe, ungabuka ulwazi mayelana nalawo maxhumano okuyiwona amalungiselelo okuphepha awamisiwe.
Amaphrofayli
Amaphrofayli ayisethi yemingcele yezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zazo: "Jikelele", "Ngasese" futhi "Iphrofayela Yesizinda". Sawahlela ekuhleleni "kokukhwabanisa", okungukuthi, izinga lokuvikelwa.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, lawa masetha asebenza ngokuzenzekelayo uma axhunyiwe kunhlobo oluthile lwenethiwekhi (akhethiwe lapho edala uxhumano olusha noma exhuma i-adaptha - ikhadi lezinethiwekhi).
Hlanganisa
Siye sahlaziya imisebenzi eyisisekelo ye-firewall, manje sizoqhubeka nokusebenza, lapho sizofunda khona ukudala imithetho, amabhuloho avulekile kanye nokusebenza ngaphandle.
Ukudala imithetho yezinhlelo
Njengoba sesiyazi kakade, imithetho iyangena futhi iphumayo. Ngosizo lwezimo zokusetha zokuqala zokuthola ithrafikhi kusukela kuzinhlelo, futhi lesi sigaba sinquma ukuthi singadlulisela idatha kwinethiwekhi.
- Ewindini "Qapha" ("Izinketho ezithuthukisiwe") chofoza into "Imithetho Engenayo" futhi ebhokisini elilungile khetha "Dala umthetho".
- Ukushiya inkinobho esikhundleni "Kuhlelo" bese uchofoza "Okulandelayo".
- Shintshela ku "Inkambo Yezinhlelo" bese ucindezela inkinobho "Buyekeza".
Ngosizo luka "Explorer" bheka ifayili ephumelelayo yesicelo esitsheliwe, chofoza kuso bese uchofoza "Vula".
Siyaqhubeka.
- Ewindini elilandelayo sibona izinketho zesenzo. Lapha ungakwazi ukuvumela noma ukuphika uxhumano, futhi unikeze ukufinyelela nge-IPSec. Khetha into yesithathu.
- Sichaza ukuthi yiziphi amaphrofayili esizosebenza kuwo. Sizokwenza ukuze uhlelo lukwazi ukuxhuma kuphela kumanethiwekhi omphakathi (ngokuqondile kwi-intanethi), futhi endaweni yangasese izosebenza kwimodi evamile.
- Sinikeza igama lomthetho ngaphansi kwalo ozoboniswa kulolu hlu, futhi, uma ngabe ufisa, yakha incazelo. Ngemuva kokucindezela inkinobho "Yenzelwe" lo mthetho uzokwenziwa futhi usetshenziswe ngokushesha.
Imithetho ephumayo idalwa ngokufanayo kuthebhu elihambelanayo.
Sebenzisa ngezinye
Ukwengeza uhlelo lokungena kwe-firewall kukuvumela ukuba udale ngokushesha umthetho wokuvumela. Futhi kulolu hlu ungahlela ezinye izilinganiso - vumela noma ukhubaza isimo futhi ukhethe uhlobo lwenethiwekhi lapho lusebenza khona.
Funda kabanzi: Engeza uhlelo kokungaphandle kwe-firewall ye-Windows 10
Imithetho yePort
Imithetho enjalo idalwe ngendlela efanayo nezikhundla ezingenayo nezingenayo zezinhlelo ezinomthelela owodwa wokuthi esigabeni sokunquma uhlobo lukhethiwe "Ngechweba".
Icala lokusetshenziswa elivame kakhulu ukuxhumana namaseva wegeyimu, amaklayenti e-imeyli kanye nezithunywa ezisheshayo.
Funda kabanzi: Indlela yokuvula amarekhodi ku-Windows 10 firewall
Isiphetho
Namuhla sahlangana neWindows Firewall futhi safunda ukuthi singasebenzisa kanjani imisebenzi yaso eyisisekelo. Uma uhlela, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuguqulwa emithethweni ekhona (esungulwe ngokuzenzakalelayo) kungaholela ekunciphiseni izinga lokuphepha kwesistimu, kanye nemikhawulo engadingekile - ukungasebenzi kwemisebenzi ethile kanye nezingxenye ezingasebenzi ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwinethiwekhi.
