Umshini Wama VirtualBox Wabaqalayo

Imishini eyi-Virtual yindlela yokusebenzisa amadivaysi kwenye idivayisi noma, kumongo walesi sihloko futhi ilula, ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ikhompyutha ebonakalayo (njengohlelo oluvamile) ngesistimu yokusebenza ekhompyutheni yakho nge-OS efanayo noma ehlukile. Isibonelo, uma une-Windows kwikhompyutheni yakho, ungasebenzisa i-Linux noma enye inguqulo ye-Windows kumshini osebenzayo futhi usebenze nabo njengekhompyutha evamile.

Lo mhlahlandlela wokuqala uzokwenza ukuthi udale kanjani futhi ulungise umshini we-VirtualBox (isofthiwe ngokuphelele samahhala wokusebenza nemishini ebonakalayo ku-Windows, MacOS, ne-Linux), kanye nama-nuances ambalwa okusebenzisa i-VirtualBox engasiza. Ngendlela, ku-Windows 10 Pro ne-Enterprise kunezakhi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokusebenza nemishini ebonakalayo, bheka imishini yangempela ye-hyper-V ku-Windows 10. Qaphela: uma ikhompyutha inezici ze-Hyper-V efakwe, i-VirtualBox izobika iphutha. Kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuvula iseshini umshini we-virtual, ukuhamba kanjani lokhu: Run VirtualBox ne-Hyper-V kusistimu efanayo.

Yini engadingeka kuyo? Ngokuvamile, imishini ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukuqala amaseva noma ukuhlola umsebenzi wezinhlelo ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Kumsebenzisi we-novice, leli thuba lingasiza kokubili ukuzama uhlelo olungajwayelekile emsebenzini noma, isibonelo, ukuqhuba izinhlelo ezingabaza ngaphandle kwengozi yokuthola amagciwane kukhompyutha yakho.

Faka i-VirtualBox

Ungalanda isofthiwe yomshini we-VirtualBox mahhala kusayithi elisemthethweni //www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads lapho izinguqulo ze-Windows, Mac OS X ne-Linux zihanjiswa khona. Naphezu kokuthi isayithi lingesiNgisi, uhlelo ngokwalo luzoba ngesiRashiya. Qalisa ifayela elilandiwe futhi uhambe ngenqubo yokufaka elula (ezimweni eziningi, kwanele ukushiya zonke izilungiselelo ezizenzakalelayo).

Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-VirtualBox, uma ushiya insiza enikwe amandla okufinyelela i-intanethi kusuka kumishini ebonakalayo, uzobona isixwayiso esithi "Isexwayiso: Inethiwekhi Yokuxhumana Nenethiwekhi" isixwayiso sokuthi uxhumano lwakho lwe-intanethi luzokhishwa okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokusetha (futhi luzobuyiselwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngemva kokufakwa abashayeli kanye nezilungiselelo zokuxhumana).

Lapho uqedile ukufakwa, ungasebenzisa i-Oracle VM VirtualBox.

Ukwakha umshini we-virtual ku-VirtualBox

Qaphela: imishini ebonakalayo idinga ukulinganisa i-VT-x noma i-AMD-V ku-BIOS ukuze inikwe amandla kukhompyutha. Ngokuvamile inikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, cabangela leli phuzu.

Manje ake sidale umshini wethu wokuqala wokuqala. Esikhathini esingezansi, i-VirtualBox esebenza ku-Windows isetshenziswe njenge-OS yesimenyisi (leyo eqiniswayo) izoba yi-Windows 10.

  1. Chofoza okuthi "Dala" kuwindi le-Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager.
  2. Ku-"Cacisa igama kanye nohlobo lwe-OS" iwindi, cacisa igama elingenakuphikisana lomshini onguchwepheshe, khetha uhlobo lwe-OS oluzofakwa kuwo kanye ne-OS version. Endabeni yami - Windows 10 x64. Chofoza Okulandelayo.
  3. Cacisa inani le-RAM elinikezwe kumshini wakho we-virtual. Okufanelekile, okwanele ukuthi isebenze, kodwa ayikho enkulu kakhulu (njengoba imemori "izosuswa" kusuka kusistimu yakho eyinhloko lapho kuqaliswa umshini wokugcina). Ngincoma ukugxila emagugu endaweni "eluhlaza".
  4. Ewindini elilandelayo, khetha "Yakha idiski elisha elibonakalayo elisha".
  5. Khetha uhlobo lwe-disc. Esikhathini sethu, uma le disk engavumelekile ingasetshenziswanga ngaphandle kwe-VirtualBox - VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image).
  6. Cacisa ubungako obushukumisayo noma obuhleliwe be-hard disk ongayisebenzisa. Ngivame ukusebenzisa i- "Fixed" futhi ngesandla ubeke usayizi wayo.
  7. Cacisa usayizi we diski eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nendawo yayo yokugcina kukhompyutheni noma ngaphandle kwedrayivu (isayizi kufanele ibe ngokwanele ukufakwa nokusebenza kwesistimu yokusebenza yezivakashi). Chofoza okuthi "Dala" bese ulinda kuze kudalwe i-disk yangempela.
  8. Kwenziwe, umshini we-virtual udalwe futhi uzovela kuhlu olwesobunxele ewindini le-VirtualBox. Ukubona imininingwane yokucushwa, njengokwesikrini, chofoza umcibisholo ngakwesokudla kwe "Amashini" inkinobho bese ukhetha "Imininingwane".

Umshini we-virtual udalwa, noma kunjalo, uma uqala, ngeke ubone lutho ngaphandle kwesikrini esimnyama ngolwazi lwensizakalo. Yebo kuphela "ikhompyutha yangempela" yenziwe kuze kube manje futhi akukho isistimu yokusebenza efakwe kuyo.

Ukufaka Windows ku-VirtualBox

Ukuze ufake Windows, kuthiwa i-Windows 10, kumshini we-VirtualBox, uzodinga isithombe se-ISO nokusatshalaliswa kwesistimu (bheka ukuthi ungalanda kanjani isithombe se-ISO se-Windows 10). Izinyathelo ezengeziwe ziyoba kanje.

  1. Faka isithombe se-ISO ku-drive ye-DVD evamile. Ukwenza lokhu, ukhethe umshini obonakalayo ohlwini olwesobunxele, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Lungiselela", iya ku- "Media", ukhethe i-disk, chofoza inkinobho ngediski nomcibisholo, bese ukhetha "Khetha isithombe se-disk optical." Cacisa indlela eya esithombeni. Khona-ke into yeSethingi yesistimu isigaba se-Boot Order, setha i-Optical Disk kuqala ohlwini. Chofoza OK.
  2. Ewindini elikhulu, chofoza u- "Run." Umshini we-virtual owadalwa ngaphambilini uzoqala, futhi i-boot izokwenziwa kusukela ku-disk (kusuka esithombeni se-ISO), ungafaka i-Windows njengoba ungathanda kukhompuyutha evamile. Zonke izinyathelo zokufakwa kokuqala zifana nalabo asekhompyutheni evamile, bheka Ukufaka i-Windows 10 kusuka ku-flash flash drive.
  3. Ngemuva kokuba i-Windows ifakwe futhi isebenza, kufanele ufake ezinye izishayeli ezizovumela isimiso sesimenywa ukuba sisebenze kahle (futhi ngaphandle kwamabhuleki angadingekile) emshinini wemishini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha "Xhuma i-VirtualBox add-on-disk image" kwimenyu ye "Amadivaysi", vula i-CD ngaphakathi komshini wokugcina bese uqhuba ifayela VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe ukufaka laba baqhubi. Uma isithombe sihluleka ukuvala, vala umshini we-virtual bese ususa isithombe kusuka C: Uhlelo Lamafayela Oracle VirtualBox VBoxGuestAdditions.iso kuzilungiselelo zabezindaba (njengasesezinyathelo zokuqala) bese uqala umshini we-virtual futhi, bese ufaka kusuka ku-disk.

Uma ukufakwa sekuphelile futhi umshini ozoqala kabusha, uzosebenza ngokugcwele. Noma kunjalo, ungase ufune ukwenza ezinye izilungiselelo eziphambili.

Izilungiselelo Zomshini Wokwemvelo VirtualBox

Emasethini omshini we-virtual (inothi ukuthi izilungiselelo eziningi azitholakali ngenkathi umshini osebenzayo usebenza), ungashintsha imingcele elandelayo eyisisekelo:

  1. Into "Okujwayelekile" kuthebhu ethi "Okuthuthukisiwe", ungavumela ibhodi lokunamathisela elivamile ngesistimu eyinhloko nomsebenzi weDrag-n-Drop wokudonsa amafayela ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwe-OS yezivakashi.
  2. Esikhathini se- "System", i-boot order, imodi ye-EFI (yokufakwa kwi-disk ye-GPT), ubukhulu be-RAM, inombolo yezinhlamvu zokucubungula (angabonakali inombolo ngaphezu kwenani lamakhokhi angokwenyama yomseshi wekhompyutha yakho) nephesenti elamukelekayo lokusebenzisa (amanani aphansi ngokuvamile iqiniso lokuthi uhlelo lwesimenywa "luyehla").
  3. Emathebhu "okubonisa", unganika amandla ukusheshisa kwe-2D ne-3D, usethe inani lememori yevidiyo yomshini onguchwepheshe.
  4. Kuthebhu "Media" - engeza amashayela wediski angeziwe, amadiski anamandla.
  5. Kumathebhu we-USB, engeza amadivayisi we-USB (ahlanganiswe ngokomzimba kwikhompyutha yakho), isibonelo, i-USB flash drive, kumshini onguchwepheshe (chofoza kwisithonjana se-USB unesibonakaliso esiningi ngakwesokudla). Ukuze usebenzise i-USB 2.0 ne-USB 3.0 abalawuli, faka i-Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack (etholakalayo ukulanda endaweni efanayo lapho ulande khona i-VirtualBox).
  6. Esigabeni "se-Public Public Folders" ungangeza amafolda azokwabiwa yi-OS eyinhloko nomshini we-virtual.

Ezinye zezinto ezingenhla zingenziwa kusuka kumshini osebenzayo kumenyu enkulu: isibonelo, ungakwazi ukuxhuma i-USB flash drive kudivayisi ye-Devices, yeka noma faka i-disk (ISO), unike amandla amafolda abelwe, njll.

Ulwazi olungeziwe

Okokugcina, olunye ulwazi olwengeziwe olungase luwusizo uma usebenzisa imishini ebonakalayo ye-VirtualBox.

  • Esinye sezici eziwusizo uma usebenzisa imishini ebonakalayo yilapho kudala "isifinyezo" (isifinyezo) sesistimu esimweni sayo samanje (nazo zonke amafayela, izinhlelo ezifakiwe nezinye izinto) ngokukwazi ukubuyela kuleli zwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi (kanye nekhono lokugcina izinhlamvu eziningi). Ungathatha isifinyezo ku-VirtualBox kumshini osebenzayo kumenyu yemenyu - "Thatha isifinyezo sombuso". Futhi ubuyekeze kumphathi wemishini ye-virtual ngokuchofoza "Amashini" - "Amashaneli" futhi ukhetha ithebhu "ye-Snapshots".
  • Ezinye izinhlanganisela zekhiye ezizenzakalelayo zithathwa yisistimu yokusebenza eyinhloko (isibonelo, i-Ctrl + Alt + Del). Uma udinga ukuthumela isinqamuleli sekhibhodi esifanayo emshinini we-virtual, sebenzisa into ethi "Faka" imenyu.
  • Umshini obonakalayo ungakwazi "ukubamba" ukufaka kwekhibhodi nokugundla (ukuze ungakwazi ukudlulisela okokufaka ohlelweni oluyinhloko). Ukuze "ukhulule" ikhibhodi negundane, uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa ukhiye wesiphethi (ngokuzenzakalelayo, lokhu kuyisihluthulelo esifanele se-Ctrl).
  • Iwebhusayithi yeMicrosoft ifakwe imishini yangempela yamahhala ye-Windows ye-VirtualBox, eyanele ukungenisa nokugijima. Imininingwane yokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu: Ungalanda kanjani imishini yamahhala e-Windows evela ku-Microsoft.

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