Ukwazi ulwazi oluphakeme mayelana nesistimu, umsebenzisi uzokwazi kalula ukucacisa zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances emsebenzini wakhe. Kubalulekile ukwazi ulwazi mayelana nobukhulu bamafolda ku-Linux, kodwa okokuqala udinga ukunquma ukuthi ungayithola kanjani le datha.
Bheka futhi: Indlela yokuthola ukuhanjiswa kwe-Linux
Izindlela zokunquma usayizi wefolda
Abasebenzisi bezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisuselwe ku-Linux bayazi ukuthi izenzo eziningi kuzo zixazululwa ngezindlela eziningana. Ngakho uma kunqunywa ubukhulu befolda. Umsebenzi onjalo obonakala sengathi uyingqayizivele ungangenisa "uqala" ukuba ube yi-stupor, kodwa imfundo ezokwenziwa ngezansi izosiza ukuqonda konke ngokuningiliziwe.
Indlela 1: Isiphetho
Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngobukhulu bamafolda ku-Linux, kungcono ukusebenzisa umyalo du "Esigodini". Nakuba le ndlela ingethusa umsebenzisi ongenalwazi osuvele eshintshela ku-Linux, uphelele ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo.
I-Syntax
Isakhiwo sonke sosizo du kubukeka kanje:
du
du folder_name
du [option] ifolda_name
Bheka futhi: Ngokuvamile imiyalo esetshenzisiwe "Terminal"
Njengoba ungabona, i-syntax yayo ingakhiwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Isibonelo, lapho uqhuba umyalo du (ngaphandle kokucacisa ifolda nokukhethwa kukho) uzothola udonga lwombhalo obala ubukhulu bawo bonke amafolda kumhlahlandlela wamanje, okuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ekuboneni.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa izinketho uma ufuna ukuthola idatha ehleliwe, ezoxoxwa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.
Izinketho
Ngaphambi kokubonisa izibonelo zokubonisa zethimba du Kubalulekile ukuhlunga izinketho zayo ukuze usebenzise wonke amathuba uma uqoqa ulwazi mayelana nobukhulu bamafolda.
- -a - bonisa ulwazi mayelana nosayizi ophelele wefayela elibekwe esiqondisweni (ekupheleni kohlu kubonisa ivolumu yenani lamafayela kufolda).
- ubukhulu obukhulu - bonisa ivolumu yangempela yamafayela abekwe ngaphakathi kwesiqondisi. Imingcele yamanye amafayela kwifolda ngezinye izikhathi ayilungile, izici eziningi zithonya lokhu, ngakho ukusebenzisa le nketho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ilungile.
- -B, ukuvulwa-usayizi = SIZE - guqula imiphumela kuma-kilobytes (K), ama-megabytes (M), ama-gigabytes (G), ama-terabytes (T). Isibonelo, umyalo onenketho -BM izobonisa ubukhulu bamafolda kuma-megabytes. Qaphela ukuthi uma usebenzisa amanani ahlukene, inani lawo linephutha, ngenxa yokuzungeza inombolo encane yenani.
- -b - bonisa idatha kuma-byte (okulinganayo ubukhulu obukhulu futhi ukuvulwa-usayizi = 1).
- -with - bonisa inani eliphelele lesayizi ifolda.
- -D - umyalelo wokulandela kuphela lezo zixhumanisi ezibalwe ku-console.
- --files0-kusuka = FILE - bonisa umbiko wokusetshenziswa kwedisk, ogama lakhe elizofakwa ngalo kukholomu "FILE".
- -H - elilingana nesihluthulelo -D.
- -h - guqula wonke amanani kuya kufomethi efundwa ngumuntu usebenzisa amayunithi wedatha afanele (ama-kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, kanye nama-terabytes).
- --si - cishe okulingana nenketho yokugcina, ngaphandle kokuthi isebenzisa ukwahlukanisa okulingana nenkulungwane.
- -k - bonisa idatha kuma-kilobytes (afana nomyalo ukuvula-ubukhulu = 1000).
- -l - I-oda yokwengeza yonke idatha kuleso simo uma kunamaphuzu angaphezu kweyodwa kunothi elifanayo.
- -m - bonisa idatha kuma-megabytes (afana nomyalo - ukuvulwa-usayizi-i-1000000).
- -L - landela ngokuqinile izixhumanisi ezifanekiselwe.
- -P - ikhansela inketho yangaphambilini.
- -0 - qeda umugqa ngamunye wokukhishwa kolwazi nge-zero byte, futhi ungaqali umugqa omusha.
- -S - uma ubala isikhala esithathiwe, ungacabangi ubukhulu bamafolda ngokwabo.
- -s - khombisa kuphela ubukhulu befolda owacacile njengengxabano.
- -x - ungahambi ngaphezu kwefayela elicacisiwe lefayela.
- --exclude = SAMPLE - unganaki wonke amafayela afana ne "Pattern".
- -d - setha ukujula kwamafolda alandelayo.
- - isikhathi - bonisa ulwazi mayelana noshintsho lwamuva kumafayela.
- --verver - cacisa inguqulo yosizo du.
Manje, ukwazi zonke izinketho zomyalo du, uzokwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela ngokuzikhandla, okwenza izimo eziguquguqukayo zokuqoqa ulwazi.
Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa
Okokugcina, ukuhlanganisa ulwazi olutholiwe, kufanelekile ukucubungula izibonelo ezimbalwa zokusebenzisa umyalo du.
Ngaphandle kokufaka izinketho ezengeziwe, i-Umbuso uzobonisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amagama nosayizi wamafolda atholakala endleleni ecacisiwe, ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ebonisa nezimbalwa ezingaphansi.
Isibonelo:
du
Ukuze ubonise idatha mayelana nefolda enesithakazelo kuwe, faka igama layo kumongo womyalo. Isibonelo:
du / ekhaya / umsebenzisi / ukulanda
du / ekhaya / umsebenzisi / izithombe
Ukwenza kube lula ukubona yonke imininingwane yokukhipha, sebenzisa inketho -h. Izoshintsha ubukhulu bazo zonke amafolda kumayunithi avamile wokulinganisa kwedatha yedijithali.
Isibonelo:
du -h / ikhaya / umsebenzisi / Ukulanda
du -h / ikhaya / umsebenzisi / Izithombe
Ukuze uthole umbiko ogcwele ngevolumu ephathwe ifolda ethile, cacisa kanye nomyalo du inketho -s, futhi ngemuva - igama lefolda oyithandayo.
Isibonelo:
du -s / ikhaya / umsebenzisi / Ukulanda
du -s / ekhaya / umsebenzisi / Izithombe
Kodwa kuyoba lula kakhulu ukusebenzisa izinketho. -h futhi -s ndawonye
Isibonelo:
du -hs / ikhaya / umsebenzisi / Ukulanda
du -hs / ikhaya / umsebenzisi / Izithombe
Okukhethwa kukho -with esetshenziselwa ukubonisa inani eliphelele lesikhala esithathwe amafolda (angasetshenziswa kanye nezinketho -h futhi -s).
Isibonelo:
du -chs / ikhaya / umsebenzisi / Ukulanda
du -chs / ekhaya / umsebenzisi / Izithombe
Enye "inkohliso" ewusizo kakhulu, engakaze ichazwe ngenhla, yiyona inketho ---- max-ukujula. Ngalo, ungabeka ukujula lapho kusetshenziswa khona usizo du uzolandela amafolda. Isibonelo, endaweni ecacisiwe yokujula kweyunithi eyodwa, idatha ngobukhulu bayo bonke amafolda achazwe kulesi sigaba izobukwa, futhi amafolda kuwo anganakwa.
Isibonelo:
du -h --max-depth = 1
Ngenhla zanikezwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithandwa kakhulu. du. Ukuwasebenzisa, ungafinyelela umphumela oyifunayo - thola ubukhulu befolda. Uma izinketho ezisetshenziswe kulezi zibonelo zibonakala kuwe kancane, ungazimela ngokuzimela nabanye, uzisebenzise ngokuzikhandla.
Indlela 2: Imenenja yefayela
Yiqiniso, i- "Terminal" iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka nje ngendawo yokugcina yolwazi mayelana nobukhulu bamafolda, kodwa kuyoba nzima kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile ukuthi afunde. Kuvame kakhulu ukubuka isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo, kunokuba isethi yezinhlamvu endaweni yangemuva. Kulesi simo, uma nje udinga ukwazi ubukhulu befolda eyodwa, ukhetho oluhle lungaba ukusebenzisa imenenja yefayela, efakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Linux.
Qaphela: Lesi sihloko sizosebenzisa imenenja yefayela le-Nautilus, ejwayelekile ku-Ubuntu, kodwa imfundo izosebenza kwabanye abaphathi, kuphela ukuhlelwa kwezici zesikhombimsebenzisi kanye nokubonisa kwabo kungahluka.
Ukuthola ubukhulu befolda e-Linux besebenzisa imenenja yefayela, landela lezi zinyathelo:
- Vula imenenja yefayela ngokuchofoza isithonjana kubha yomsebenzi noma ngokusesha uhlelo.
- Hamba uye kumqondisi lapho ifolda itholakala khona.
- Chofoza ngakwesokudla (RMB) kufolda.
- Kusukela kumenyu yokuqukethwe khetha into "Izakhiwo".
Ngemuva kokusebenza okwenziwayo, ifasitela izovela phambi kwakho lapho udinga khona ukuthola intambo "Okuqukethwe" (1), ngokuphambene nakho kuyoba ubukhulu befolda. Ngendlela, ngezansi kuzolwazi ngolwazi olusele isikhala sediski samahhala (2).
Isiphetho
Ngenxa yalokho, unezindlela ezimbili ongathola ngazo ubukhulu befolda kuma-Linux based based operating systems. Nakuba behlinzeka ngolwazi olufanayo, izinketho zokuwuthola zihluke kakhulu. Uma udinga ukuthola ngokushesha usayizi wefolda eyodwa, khona-ke ikhambi elihle lingabe liwukusebenzisa imenenja yefayela, futhi uma udinga ukuthola ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka, i-Terminal ne-utility izosebenza kahle du kanye nezinketho zayo.
