Izimbangela nezixazululo zokulayisha izinkinga nge-Windows 7

Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ezingenzeka kwikhompyutha yinkinga ngokuqaliswa kwayo. Uma ukungasebenzi kuvele ku-OS ehambayo, abasebenzisi abaningi noma abangaphansi kakhulu bazama ukuyixazulula ngendlela eyodwa, kepha uma i-PC ingaqali nhlobo, abaningi bavele bangene kwi-stupor futhi abazi ukuthi benzeni. Eqinisweni, le nkinga ayiyona into ejulile njengoba ingase ibonakale ekuqaleni. Ake sithole izizathu zokuthi kungani i-Windows 7 ingaqali, nezindlela eziyinhloko zokuziqeda.

Izimbangela zezinkinga nezixazululo

Izimbangela zezinkinga ngokuqothula ikhompyutha zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amakhulu amabili: i-hardware ne-software. Owokuqala uhlobene nokuhluleka kwanoma yisiphi isici se-PC: i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi, i-motherboard, ukunikezwa kwamandla, i-RAM, njll. Kodwa lokhu kunenkinga ye-PC ngokwayo, hhayi ye-system yokusebenza, ngakho ngeke sicabange lezi zici. Singasho nje ukuthi uma ungenalo amakhono okulungisa ubuchwepheshe kagesi, ke uma uthola izinkinga ezinjalo, kufanele ushayele umninimzi, noma ubeke endaweni eyonakalisiwe nomlingani osebenzayo.

Esinye imbangela yale nkinga yi-voltage yamaminithi aphansi. Kulesi simo, ukuqaliswa kungabuyiselwa kalula ngokuthenga ikhwalithi yokunikezwa kwamandla okungenakuguquka noma ngokuxhuma emthonjeni wamandla ogesi lakhe elihlangabezana namazinga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkinga ngokulayisha i-OS ingenzeka uma inani eliningi lothuli ligcwala ngaphakathi kwecala le-PC. Kulesi simo, udinga nje ukuhlanza ikhompyutha ngothuli. Kuhle ukufaka ibhulashi. Uma usebenzisa i-vacuum cleaner, yivule ngokushaya, hhayi ukushaya, njengoba kungasondeza izingxenye.

Futhi, izinkinga ngokushintshela zingase zenzeke uma idivayisi yokuqala lapho i-OS ihoxiswa khona i-CD-drive noma i-USB ebhaliswe ku-BIOS, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona i-disk ku-drive noma i-USB flash drive ixhunywe kwi-PC. Ikhompiyutha izozama ukuphuma kubo, futhi ikhumbula ukuthi ayikho uhlelo lokusebenza kulezi zindaba, kulindeleke ukuthi yonke imizamo iholele ekuhlulekeni. Kulokhu, ngaphambi kokuqala, unqamula ku-PC wonke ama-USB kanye nama-CD / ama-DVD, noma ucacise i-hard drive yekhompyutha ku-BIOS njengedivayisi yokuqala ukuqala.

Kungenzeka futhi nje ukuxabana kwesistimu komunye wamadivayisi axhunyiwe kukhompyutha. Kulesi simo, kufanele ukhubaze wonke amadivaysi angeziwe kusuka ku-PC bese uzama ukuqala. Ngokulanda okuphumelelayo, lokhu kuzosho ukuthi inkinga ihlezi ngqo kuleso sici esibonisiwe. Xhuma idivayisi kukhompuyutha ngokulandelana futhi uqalise kabusha ngemva kokuxhumeka ngalunye. Ngakho-ke, uma ngesiteji esithile inkinga ibuya, uzokwazi umthombo othize walokho. Le divayisi izodinga ukukhishwa njalo kuyo ngaphambi kokuqala ikhompyutha.

Izici eziyinhloko zokuhluleka kwesofthiwe, ngenxa yokuthi iWindows ayikwazanga ukulayishwa, yilokhu okulandelayo:

• Inkohlakalo yefayela le-OS;
• Ukuphulwa kwe-Registry;
• Ukufakwa okungalungile kwezakhi ze-OS ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa;
• Ubukhona bezinhlelo eziphikisanayo ku-autorun;
• Ama-virus.

Ngezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga ezingenhla kanye nokubuyiselwa kokuqaliswa kwe-OS, sikhuluma nje kulesi sihloko.

Indlela 1: Yenza kusebenze Ukuhlela Okuhle Okudumile Okugcina

Enye yezindlela ezilula zokuxazulula inkinga ye-PC boot ukuvula ukucushwa kokugcina okuhle okuwaziwayo.

1. Njengomthetho, uma ikhompuyutha ishaqeka noma ukuqaliswa kwayo kwangaphambilini kwehluleka, ngesikhathi esizayo sivuliwe, iwindi lokukhetha uhlobo lwe-OS lokuvula luvula. Uma le window ingavulwa, khona-ke kukhona indlela yokuphoqelela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngemuva kokulayisha i-BIOS, ngokushesha ngemuva kwemisindo ye-beep, udinga ukucindezela ukhiye othile noma inhlanganisela kukhibhodi. Ngokuvamile, lesi sikhiye F8. Kodwa ezimweni ezingavamile, kungenzeka kube nokunye okukhethwa kukho.



2. Ngemuva kokuvula iwindi yokukhethwa kwehlobo lokuqalisa, ngokuhamba ngezinyathelo zohlu usebenzisa i "Up" futhi "Phansi" kwikhibhodi (ngendlela yemicibisholo ekhomba isiqondiso esifanele) ukhethe okukhethwa kukho "Ukugcina ukuchuma okuphumelelayo" bese ucindezela Ngena.



3. Uma ngemuva kwalokhu iWindows ilayishiwe, ungacabanga ukuthi inkinga ihleliwe. Uma ukulanda kuhlulekile, iya kokulandelayo okukhethwa kukho okuchazwe kusihloko samanje.

Indlela 2: "Imodi ephephile"

Esinye isisombululo senkinga ngokuqaliswa kwenziwa ngokubiza ngo-Windows ku "Imodi ephephile".

1. Futhi, ngokushesha ekuqaleni kwe-PC, udinga ukusebenzisa ifasitela ngokukhetha uhlobo lokulanda, uma lingavali ngokwalo. Ngokucindezela okhiye "Up" futhi "Phansi" khetha ukhetho "Imodi ephephile".



2. Uma ikhompiyutha iqala manje, lokhu kakade isibonakaliso esihle. Khona-ke, njengoba ulinde iWindows ukuze uqalise ngokugcwele, qala kabusha i-PC futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo sizoqala ngempumelelo kwimodi evamile. Kodwa ngisho noma lokhu kungenzeki, yini oye kuyo "Imodi ephephile" - lokhu yisibonakaliso esihle. Isibonelo, ungazama ukubuyisela amafayela wesistimu noma uhlole ikhompyutha yakho kuma-virus. Ekugcineni, ungagcina idatha edingekayo kumaphephandaba, uma ukhathazekile ngobuqotho babo kwi-PC enenkinga.

Isifundo: Indlela yokuqalisa i- "Imodi ephephile" iWindows 7

Indlela yesithathu: "Ukuvuselelwa kokuqalisa"

Ungakwazi futhi ukuqeda inkinga echazwe ngosizo lwethuluzi lesistimu elibizwa ngokuthi - "Ukubuyisela Ukuqalisa". Isebenza ngokukhethekile uma kwenzeka umonakalo wokubhalisa.

1. Uma isiqalo sangaphambilini sekhompyutheni ye-Windows asizange ibhubhe, kungenzeka ukuthi uma uvula i-PC futhi, ithuluzi lizovula ngokuzenzakalelayo "Ukubuyisela Ukuqalisa". Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kungenziwa kusebenze ngamandla. Ngemva kokuvula i-BIOS ne-beep, chofoza F8. Ewindini elivela, khetha uhlobo lokuqalisa ngalesi sikhathi, khetha "Ukuxazululwa kwekhompyutha".



2. Uma unephasiwedi isethelwe i-akhawunti yomlawuli, kuzodingeka uyifake. Imvelo yokuvuselela uhlelo ivula. Lona uhlobo lokusindisa OS. Khetha "Ukubuyisela Ukuqalisa".



3. Emva kwalokhu, ithuluzi lizozama ukubuyisela ukwethulwa, ukulungisa amaphutha atholakalayo. Phakathi nale nqubo, kungenzeka ukuthi amabhokisi okuxoxa azovuleka. Udinga ukulandela izinkomba ezivela kuzo. Uma inqubo yokuvuselela ukuqaliswa iphumelele, emva kokuqedwa kwayo iWindows izoqaliswa.

Le ndlela ilungile ngoba iningi kakhulu futhi inkulu kulawo maqiniso uma ungazi imbangela yenkinga.

Indlela 4: Hlola ubuqotho bamafayela wesistimu

Esinye sezizathu zokuthi iWindows ayinakuqala ukulimala kumafayela wesistimu. Ukuqeda le nkinga, kubalulekile ukufeza inqubo yokuqinisekisa okufanele nokuvuselelwa okulandelayo.

1. Le nqubo yenziwa "Lawula umugqa". Uma ungakwazi ukuvula i-Windows "Imodi ephephile", bese uvula Umbuso ocacisiwe ngendlela ejwayelekile ngokusebenzisa imenyu "Qala"ngokuchofoza egameni "Zonke Izinhlelo"bese uya kufolda "Standard".

   

   Uma ungakwazi ukuqala iWindows nhlobo, khona-ke kuleli cala uvula iwindi "Ukuxazululwa kwekhompyutha". Inqubo yokuqalisa ichazwe ngendlela eyedlule. Khona-ke, kusukela ohlwini oluvuliwe lwamathuluzi, khetha "Lawula umugqa".

   

   Uma ngisho iwindi lokuxazulula izinkinga lingavulwa, ungazama ukuvuselela kabusha iWindows usebenzisa i-LiveCD / USB noma usebenzisa i-OS boot disk. Esikhathini esilandelayo "Lawula umugqa" kungabangela ukusetshenziselwa ithuluzi lokuxazulula izinkinga, njengesimweni esivamile. Umehluko omkhulu uzoba ukuthi uqala ngokusebenzisa i-disk.

2. Esikhathini esibonakalayo esivulekile "Landela umugqa" Faka umyalo olandelayo:

   sfc / scannow

   Uma wenza kusebenze Umbuso ovela endaweni yokutakula, futhi ungenayo "Imodi ephephile", khona-ke umyalo kufanele ubukeke kanje:

   sfc / scannow / offbootdir = c: / offwindir = c: amawindi

   Esikhundleni somlingiswa "c" Kufanele ucacise incwadi ehlukile, uma i-OS yakho itholakala esigabeni ngaphansi kwegama elihlukile.

   Emva kwalokho ukusetshenziswa Ngena.



3. Umbuso we-sfc uzoqala, ozohlola iWindows ukuba khona kwamafayela awonakele. Inqubekela phambili yale nqubo ingabhekwa nge-interface. "Landela umugqa". Uma kwenzeka ukuthola izinto ezonakalisiwe, inqubo yokuvuselela izokwenziwa.

Isifundo:
Ukuqalisa "umugqa womyalo" ku-Windows 7
Ihlola amafayela wesistimu ngobuqotho ku-Windows 7

Indlela 5: Skena idiski yamaphutha

Esinye sezizathu zokuntuleka kwe-Windows boot kungaba ukulimala ngokomzimba kwi-disk eyinkimbinkimbi noma amaphutha anengqondo kuwo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kubonakala ukuthi i-OS boot ayifuni nhlobo noma iphela endaweni efanayo, ingalokothi ifike ekupheleni. Ukuthola izinkinga ezinjalo bese uzama ukuzilungisa, udinga ukuhlola nge-chkdsk yesevisi.

1. Ukusebenza kwe-chkdsk, njenge-Umbuso wangaphambilini, kwenziwa ngokufaka umyalo ku "Lawula umugqa". Ungashayela leli thuluzi ngendlela efanayo njengoba kuchaziwe enkambisweni yangaphambilini. Ku-interface yayo, faka umyalo olandelayo:

   i-chkdsk / f

   Okulandelayo, chofoza Ngena.



2. Uma ungene ngemvume "Imodi ephephile"kuzomele kuqale kabusha i-PC. Ukuhlaziywa kuzokwenziwa ku-boot elandelayo ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa lokhu kuzodinga kuqala ukungena efasiteleni "Landela umugqa" incwadi "Y" bese ucindezela Ngena.

   

   Uma usebenza kwimodi yokuxazulula izinkinga, umbuso we-chkdsk uzohlola i-disk ngokushesha. Uma kutholakala amaphutha enengqondo, kuzotholakala umzamo wokuqeda. Uma i-hard drive inokulimala ngokomzimba, kufanele uxhumane nenkosi, noma uyibeke esikhundleni.

Isifundo: Hlola idiski yamaphutha ku-Windows 7

Indlela 6: Ukubuyisela ukulungiselela kokuqalisa

Indlela elandelayo ebuyisela ukulungiswa kwe-boot uma kungenakwenzeka ukuqala iWindows iphinde yenziwe ngokufaka ukukhuluma komyalo ku "Lawula umugqa"egijima esimweni sokulondoloza uhlelo.

1. Ngemuva kokusebenza "Landela umugqa" faka inkulumo:

   i-bootrec.exe / FixMbr

   Ngemuva kokuchofoza lokho Ngena.



2. Okulandelayo, faka inkulumo elandelayo:

   bootrec.exe / FixBoot

   Phinda usebenzise kabusha Ngena.



3. Ngemuva kokuqala kabusha i-PC, kungenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi ukuqala kwimodi evamile.

Indlela ye-7: Ukususwa kweVirus

Inkinga ngokuqaliswa kwesistimu ingabangela nokutheleleka ngegciwane lekhompyutha yakho. Ngaphambi kwezimo ezicacisiwe kuyadingeka ukuthola nokususa ikhodi enonya. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile lwe-anti-virus. Elinye lamathuluzi aqinisekisiwe kakhulu kuleli klasi nguDktWeb CureIt.

Kodwa abasebenzisi bangase babe nombuzo onengqondo, ukuthi bangahlola kanjani ukuthi uhlelo aluqalanga yini? Uma ungakwazi ukuvula i-PC yakho "Imodi ephephile", khona-ke ungenza ukuskena ngokwenza lolu hlobo lokuqaliswa. Kodwa ngisho nakulolu cala, sikukwazisa ukuba wenze isheke ngokusebenzisa i-PC kusuka ku-LiveCD / USB noma kwenye ikhompyutha.

Uma isevisi ithola amagciwane, landela imiyalo ezoboniswa ku-interface yayo. Kodwa noma kwenzeka lapho kuqedwe ikhodi enonya, inkinga yokuqalisa ingase ihlale. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lwegciwane cishe lonakalise amafayela wesistimu. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukwenza isheke, kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe uma ucabangela Indlela 4 futhi uqalise ukuvuselela lapho kutholakala umonakalo.

Isifundo: Ukuskena ikhompyutha ye-virus

Indlela 8: Sula ukuqala

Uma ungakwazi ukuqala ngaphakathi "Imodi ephephile", kodwa ngesikhathi sezinkinga ezivamile ze-boot zenzeka, kungenzeka ukuthi imbangela yephutha ikhona ohlelweni oluphikisanayo oluku-autorun. Kulesi simo, kunengqondo ukusula ukulayisha okuzenzakalelayo.

1. Qala ikhompyutha yakho ku "Imodi ephephile". Shayela Win + R. Ifasitela ivula Qalisa. Ngena lapho:

   msconfig

   Kuqhubeka nokusebenza "Kulungile".



2. Ithuluzi lesistimu elibizwa "Ukuhlelwa Kwesistimu". Chofoza ithebhu "Ukuqalisa".



3. Chofoza inkinobho "Khubaza konke".



4. Amathikithi azosuswa kuzo zonke izinto zohlu. Okulandelayo, chofoza "Faka isicelo " futhi "Kulungile".



5. Khona-ke iwindi lizovuleka, lapho uzothunyelwa khona ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha. Udinga ukuchofoza Qala kabusha.



6. Uma ngemuva kokuqala kabusha i-PC iqala njengokujwayelekile, kusho ukuthi isizathu sasihlanganiswe kuphela kwisicelo esiphikisana nesistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ufisa, ungabuyisa izinhlelo ezidingekayo zokugunyaza. Uma ukufaka isicelo futhi kuzobangela inkinga ngokuqaliswa, khona-ke uzobe usuvele wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lowo muntu ukhona. Kulesi simo, kufanele wenqabe ukwengeza leyo software ukuze ulayishe ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Isifundo: Khubaza izicelo ze-autorun ku-Windows 7

Indlela 9: Ukubuyisela uhlelo

Uma kungekho nhlobo yalezi zindlela ezisebenzisayo, ungakwazi ukubuyisela uhlelo. Kodwa isimo esiyinhloko sokusebenzisa le ndlela ngukuthi ube nephoyinti yokubuyisela ngaphambilini edalwe ngaphambilini.

1. Ungaya ekuvuselelweni kweWindows, ngenkathi ukhona "Imodi ephephile". Esigabeni somsebenzi wemenyu "Qala" udinga ukuvula isiqondisi "Isevisi"okuyinto futhi efonini "Standard". Kuyoba khona isici "Isistimu Buyisela". Udinga nje ukuchofoza kuso.

   

   Uma i-PC ingaqali ngisho nangaphakathi "Imodi ephephile", bese uvula ithuluzi lokuxazulula inkinga ye-boot noma ulisebenze kusuka ku-disk yokufaka. Endaweni yokutakula, khetha isikhundla sesibili - "Isistimu Buyisela".



2. Isixhumanisi sesithuluzi sivula, esibizwa "Isistimu Buyisela" ngolwazi olufingqiwe mayelana nale thuluzi. Chofoza "Okulandelayo".



3. Ewindini elilandelayo udinga ukukhetha iphuzu elithile lapho uhlelo luzobuyiselwa khona. Sincoma ukuthi ukhethe okwakamuva kakhulu ngosuku lokudala. Ukwandisa isikhala sokukhetha, hlola ibhokisi lokuhlola. "Bonisa abanye ...". Uma ukhetho olufisiwe luqokonyiswe, chofoza "Okulandelayo".



4. Khona iwindi lizovula lapho udinga ukuqinisekisa khona izenzo zakho zokutakula. Ukwenza lokhu, chofoza "Yenzelwe".



5. Inqubo yokubuyiswa kwe-Windows iqala, okwenza ikhompiyutha iqale kabusha. Uma inkinga ibangelwa kuphela nge-software, hhayi ngezizathu ze-hardware, khona-ke ukuqaliswa kufanele kwenziwe kwimodi evamile.

   Cishe ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm efanayo, i-Windows iphinda ivuselelwe kusuka kukhophi yokusekelayo. Kuphela lokhu kule ndawo yokutakula kuyadingeka ukukhetha isikhundla "Ukubuyisela isithombe sesistimu"bese efasiteleni evuleka ucacise indawo yekhophi yokusekelayo. Kodwa, futhi, le ndlela ingasetshenziswa kuphela uma ngaphambilini wadala isithombe se-OS.

Njengoba ungabona, ku-Windows 7 kunezinketho ezimbalwa zokubuyisela ukwethulwa. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ngokuzumayo uhlangabezane nenkinga efundwe lapha, akufanele usheshe ukhathazeke, kodwa sebenzisa nje iseluleko esinikezwe kulesi sihloko. Khona-ke, uma imbangela yokusebenza kabi akuyona i-hardware, kodwa isici se-software, kungenzeka ukuthi kuyokwazi ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwayo. Kodwa ngokuthembeka, sincoma ngokuqinile ukusetshenziswa kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela, okungukuthi, ungakhohlwa ukwenza ngezikhathi ezithile amaphuzu okubuyisela noma amakhophi wokulondoloza we-Windows.