Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi bangasindisa kanjani idatha iminyaka eminingi, futhi labo abangasekho bangase bangazi ukuthi i-CD enezithombe ezisuka emshadweni, ividiyo evela emntwaneni wezingane, noma olunye ulwazi lomndeni kanye nomsebenzi cishe ngeke lufundwe eminyakeni emihlanu. -10. Ngicabanga ngakho. Kanjani-ke ukugcina le datha?
Kulesi sihloko ngizozama ukukutshela ngemininingwane eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka lapho kuqhutshwa khona ulwazi lokugcina ulwazi, nokuthi yikuphi okungekho nokuthi yimuphi isikhathi sokugcina ngaphansi kwemibandela ehlukene, kuphi ukugcina idatha, izithombe, amadokhumende nokuthi yiyiphi indlela yokwenza. Ngakho, umgomo wethu ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokutholakala kwedatha isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, okungenani iminyaka eyikhulu.
Izimiso ezijwayelekile zokugcina ulwazi, nokwandisa impilo yayo
Kunemigomo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ezisebenza kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwolwazi, kungaba izithombe, umbhalo, noma amafayela futhi angandisa amathuba okufinyelela ngempumelelo esikhathini esizayo, phakathi kwabo:
- Okukhudlwana inani lamakhophi, kungenzeka ukuthi idatha izophila isikhathi eside: incwadi ephrintiwe ezigidini zamakhophi, isithombe esanyatheliswa emakhophi amaningana esihlotsheni ngasinye futhi sigcinwe ifomu ledijithali kuma-drivers ahlukene cishe ayogcinwa futhi atholakale isikhathi eside.
- Izindlela zokugcina ezingezona ezijwayelekile kufanele zigwenywe (kunoma yikuphi, njengendlela kuphela), amafomethi okungajwayelekile kanye neziqu, izilimi (isibonelo, ukuthola amadokhumenti kungcono ukusebenzisa i-ODF ne-TXT, kunokuba i-DOCX ne-DOC).
- Ulwazi kufanele lugcinwe kumafomethi angaxilongwa noma kufomu elingabhalisiwe - ngaphandle kwalokho, ngisho nomonakalo omncane ebuqothweni bwedatha kungenza lonke ulwazi lungatholakali. Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukugcina amafayela abezindaba isikhathi eside, i-WAV ingcono umsindo, i-RAW, i-TIFF ne-BMP ayinakunyakaziswa kwezithombe, amafomu angaxhunyiwe ku-izithombe, i-DV, nakuba kungenakwenzeka empilweni yansuku zonke, kucabangela amavidyo evidiyo kulezi zakhiwo.
- Hlola njalo ubuqotho nokutholakala kwedatha, uphinde ubalondoloze usebenzisa izindlela ezintsha namadivayisi avele.
Ngakho-ke, ngemibono esemqoka ezosisiza ukuthi sishiye isithombe kusuka efonini kuya kubazukulu, sasizicabangile, iya kolwazi mayelana nokushayela okuhlukahlukene.
Ukushayela kwendabuko nemigomo yokulondolozwa kolwazi kubo
Izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokugcina izinhlobo ezahlukene zolwazi namuhla ziyizinkinobho ezinzima, ama-flash drive (SSD, USB flash drives, imemori khadi), amadiski e-optical (CD, DVD, Blu-Ray) futhi ahlobene nokushayela, kodwa futhi ekhonza ifu elifanayo lefu. Isitoreji (I-Dropbox, i-Yandex Drive, i-Google Drayivu, i-OneDrive).
Iyiphi yezindlela ezilandelayo kuyindlela enokwethenjelwa yokusindisa idatha? Ngiphakamisa ukuthi ngizicabangele ngokuhlelekile (Ngikhuluma kuphela ngezindlela zasendlini: abahlukumezi, ngokwesibonelo, ngeke ngizicabange):
- Ukushayela okunzima - I-HDD yendabuko isetshenziswa njalo ukugcina idatha ehlukahlukene. Ekusetshenzisweni okujwayelekile, impilo yabo yokusebenza ejwayelekile yiminyaka engu-3-10 (lo umehluko kubangelwa kokubili izinto zangaphandle kanye nekhwalithi yedivayisi). Kulokhu: uma ubhala ulwazi kwi-disk eyinkimbinkimbi, unqamule kukhompyutha bese uyibeka ekhabetheni letafula, khona-ke idatha ingafundwa ngaphandle kwamaphutha cishe esikhathini esifanayo. Ukuphepha kwedatha kwi-disk eyinkimbinkimbi kuncike kakhulu kumathonya angaphandle.: Noma yikuphi, ngisho nokushaqeka okuqinile nokuthuthumela, kancane kancane - amasimu amakhulu, kungabangela ukwehluleka kwedrayivu ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- I-USB Flash I-SSD - Ukuphila komsebenzi we-Flash ushayela ngokwesilinganiso eminyakeni engaba ngu-5. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushayela okuvamile okuvamile kuphelelwa isikhathi kakhulu kunalesi sikhathi: ukukhipha okulodwa okukodwa kuyanele uma uxhumeke kwikhompyutha ukuze idatha ingatholakali. Kuncike ekutheni uqophe ulwazi olubalulekile bese unqamula i-SSD noma i-USB flash drive yokugcina, isikhathi sokutholakala kwedatha cishe iminyaka engu-7-8.
- CD, DVD, Blu-Ray - kukho konke okushiwo ngenhla, ama-discs optical inikeza ukugcinwa kwedatha ende kunazo zonke, okungadlula iminyaka eyi-100, noma kunjalo, ama-nuances amaningi ahlotshaniswa nale hlobo lokushayela (isibonelo, iDiskrikhi ye-DVD oyibhalisile cishe iyohlala iminyaka embalwa kuphela), ngakho-ke izocatshangwa ngokwehlukana kamuva kulesi sihloko.
- Isitoreji sefu - isikhathi sokugcina idatha emafwini we-Google, i-Microsoft, i-Yandex nabanye abaziwa. Cishe, zizogcinwa isikhathi eside futhi uma nje zivunyelwe ezentengiselwano zenkampani enikeza inkonzo. Ngokuvumelana nezivumelwano zelayisense (ngifunda ezimbili, ezitolo ezidume kakhulu), lezi zinkampani azibophezele ukulahlekelwa kwedatha. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukulahlekelwa i-akhawunti yakho ngenxa yezenzo zabangenayo kanye nezinye izimo ezingalindelekile (futhi uhlu lwabo lukhulu ngempela).
Ngakho-ke, isitoreji sekhaya esithembekile kunazo zonke futhi esingapheli ngalesi sikhathi yi-CD ebonakalayo (engizoyibhala ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi). Kodwa-ke, eshibhile futhi esikahle kunazo zonke yizinkinobho ezinzima nesitoreji sefu. Unganaki noma iyiphi yalezi zindlela, ngoba ukwabelana kwabo kwandisa ukuphepha kwedatha ebalulekile.
Isitoreji sedatha kuma disks optical CD, DVD, Blu-ray
Mhlawumbe, abaningi benu bahlangabezane nolwazi lokuthi idatha ku-CD-R noma i-DVD ingagcinwa izinqwaba, uma kungenamakhulu eminyaka. Futhi, ngicabanga ukuthi phakathi kwabafundi kukhona labo abhale okuthile kwi-disc, futhi uma befuna ukuyibuka emva konyaka noma abathathu, abazange baphumelele, nakuba ukushayela kwakungcono ukufunda. Iyini inkinga?
Izizathu ezivamile zokulahlekelwa kwedatha ngokushesha yikhwalithi empofu yediski eqoshiwe kanye nokukhetha uhlobo olungalungile lwe-disc, izimo zokugcina ezingalungile kanye nemodi yokurekhoda engalungile:
- I-CD-RW eqoshiwe, ama-DVD-RW ayiklanyelwe ukugcinwa kwedatha, isikhathi sokugcina sincane (uma kuqhathaniswa nokubhala-once once). Ngokwesilinganiso, ulwazi lugcinwe ku-CD-R eside kunase-DVD-R. Ngokwezivivinyo ezizimele, cishe wonke ama-CD-R abonise impilo yokulondolozwa kwephefu iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15. Amaphesenti angama-47 kuphela e-DVD-R ahlolwe (ukuhlolwa kwe-Library of Congress ne-National Institute of Standards) abe nomphumela ofanayo. Okunye ukuhlolwa kubonise impilo eyi-CD-R yeminyaka engaba ngu-30. Ayikho ulwazi oluqinisekisiwe mayelana ne-Blu-ray.
- Izingulube ezingabizi ezithengiswa cishe esitolo sokudla ngamaruble amathathu ngamunye azihloselwe ukugcinwa kwedatha. Ukuwasebenzisa ukurekhoda noma yiluphi ulwazi olunenzuzo ngaphandle kokulondoloza impinda yalo akumele kube khona.
- Akufanele usebenzise ukurekhoda ngezikhathi eziningana, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise isivinini sokuqopha esincane esitholakalayo kwi-disc (usebenzisa isofthiwe yokuqopha i-disk efanele).
- Gwema ukuveza ama-disks ekukhanyeni kwelanga kanye nezinye izimo ezimbi (ukushisa kwamanzi, ukucindezeleka okungokwemishini, umswakama ophezulu).
- Ikhwalithi ye-drive yokuqopha nayo ingathinta ubuqotho bemininingwane eqoshiwe.
Khetha i-disc yokurekhoda ulwazi
Amarekhodi aqoshiwe ahluke kulokhu okuqoshiwe okwenziwe, uhlobo lobuso obonakalayo, ubunzima be-polycarbonate base, futhi, empeleni, izinga lomsebenzi. Ekhuluma ngephuzu lokugcina, kungaphawulwa ukuthi i-disc efanayo yomkhiqizo ofanayo, okhiqizwa emazweni ahlukene kungahluka kakhulu ngekhwalithi.
I-Cyanine, i-phthalocyanine noma i-Azo ene-metalli njengamanje isetshenziselwa njengendawo yokurekhoda yama-optical disc, futhi i-alloy yegolide, isiliva noma isiliva isetshenziselwa ungqimba olubonakalayo. Ngokuvamile, inhlanganisela ye phthalocyanine yokurekhoda (njengezinzile kunazo zonke) kanye nesendlalelo segolide esicubungulayo (igolide yizinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, ezinye ziyakwazi ukukhipha i-oxydation) kufanele zilungele. Noma kunjalo, i-discs yekhwalithi ingase ibe nenye inhlanganisela yalezi zici.
Ngeshwa, ukugcinwa kwedokhumenti yedatha akuthengiswanga eRussia, isitolo esisodwa kuphela sitholakala kuyi-intanethi ethengisa kakhulu iDVD-R Mitsui MAM-A Archival Gold neJVC Taiyo Yuden ngentengo enhle kakhulu, kanye neVerbatim UltraLife Gold Archival, njengoba ngikuqonda, isitolo se-intanethi siletha kusuka e-US. Bonke laba bangabaholi emkhakheni wokugcinwa kwengqolobane nokugcinwa kwemininingwane yedatha esifundeni seminyaka eyikhulu (kanti uMitsui utshela iminyaka engu-300 ngeCD-R yayo).
Ngaphandle kwamarekhodi angenhla, ungafaka ama-disk e-Delkin Archival Gold, engingawatholi eRussia nhlobo, ohlwini lwamarekhodi aqoshiwe angcono kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ungakwazi njalo ukuthenga wonke ama-discs ohlwini ku-Amazon.com noma kwenye isitolo sangaphandle se-intanethi.
Kule diski evamile engatholakala eRussia futhi engagcina ulwazi lweminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu, i-discs yekhwalithi ihlanganisa:
- I-verbatim, eyenziwe eNdiya, eSingapore, e-UAE noma e-Taiwan.
- I-Sony, eyenziwa eTaiwan.
"Ungasindisa" kusebenza kuwo wonke amadokhumenti e-Archival Gold ohlwini - emva kwakho konke, lokhu akuyona isiqinisekiso sokuphepha, ngakho-ke akufanele ukhohlwe ngemigomo ebalwe ekuqaleni kwendaba.
Futhi manje, lalela umdwebo ongezansi, obonisa ukunyuka kwenani lamaphutha ekufundeni ama-disc optical, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokuhlala kwabo ikhamera sinendawo enonya. Isimiso simaketha emvelweni, futhi isikali sesikhathi asikakwanga, kepha sikwenza ubuze umbuzo: uhlobo luni lwe-brand Millenniata, lapho amaphutha e-disks engabonakali khona. Ngizokutshela manje.
Millenniata M-Disk
I-Millenniata inikeza ama-disc-M-Disk DVD-R kanye ne-M-Disk Blu-Ray disks ngevidiyo, izithombe, amadokhumenti kanye nolunye ulwazi kuze kube yiminyaka engu-1000. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-M-Disk namanye ama-CD aqoshiwe ukusetshenziswa kwe-glass layer engavamile engozini yokurekhoda (amanye ama-discs asebenzisa izinto eziphilayo): into ayimelene nokushisa, ukushisa nokukhanya, umswakama, ama-acids, ama-alkalis, nama-solvents, okufana nokubunzima kwe-quartz .
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma ama-disks avamile ukuguqulwa kwefilimu ye-organic iguquka ngaphansi kwethonya laser, iM-Disk ishisa imithwalo engozini (nakuba kungacacile ukuthi imikhiqizo yomlilo iya kuphi). Njengesizathu, kubonakala sengathi akuyona i-polycarbonate ejwayelekile kakhulu esetshenziswayo. Kwinye ye-diski yevidiyo yokuphromotha ibilisiwe emanzini, bese ufaka i-ice eyomile, bese ibhakwa e-pizza, futhi ngemva kwalokho iyaqhubeka isebenza.
E-Russia, angizange ngithole ama-disks anjalo, kodwa kuma-Amazon afanayo ayenamanani anele futhi akuwona abizayo (ama-ruble angama-100 we-M-Disk DVD-R no-200 ye-Blu-Ray). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-disc ahambisana nokufunda nazo zonke izinkomba zanamuhla. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2014, inkampani i-Millenniata iqala ukubambisana ne-Verbatim, ngakho angiyikushiya ukuthi la madiski azoba maduze kakhulu. Nakuba ungaqiniseki emakethe yethu.
Ngokuqondene nokurekhoda, ukuze urekhode i-M-Disk DVD-R, idrayivu eqinisekisiwe enezimpawu ze-M-Disk iyadingeka, njengoba isebenzisa i-laser enamandla kakhulu (futhi, asizange sithole lezi, kodwa i-Amazon inayo, kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-2,5) . Ukuze urekhode i-M-Disk Blu-Ray, noma yikuphi ukushayela kwansuku zonke kufanele ukurekhoda lolu hlobo lwama disc.
Ngilungiselela ukuthola umzila onjalo kanye nokuqoqwa kwe-M-Disk ehlanzekile ngenyanga ezayo noma emibili, futhi uma isihloko sinomtshisekelo (hlola imibono, bese wabelana ngalokhu ku-amanethiwekhi omphakathi), ngiyakwazi ukuzama ukubilisa, ngikubeke emithonjeni ebandayo nakweminye imithonya, uqhathanise ne ama-discs evamile bese ubhala ngakho (futhi mhlawumbe hhayi ubulima kakhulu ukwenza ividiyo).
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngizoqeda isihloko sami lapho ngingagcina khona idatha: Ngitshele konke engangikuziyo.
