Ukukhetha ikhadi levidyo kwikhompyutha akuyona into elula futhi kufanele uyiphathe kahle. Ukuthenga kuyabiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele imininingwane eminingana ebalulekile ukuze ungabheki izinketho ezingadingekile noma ungafaki ikhadi.
Kulesi sihloko ngeke senze izincomo kumamodeli athile nabakhiqizi, kepha sihlinzeke kuphela ngolwazi lokucatshangelwa, emva kwalokho uzokwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokukhetha amakhadi wehluzo.
Ukukhethwa kwekhadi levidiyo
Uma ukhetha ikhadi levidyo for computer, okokuqala, kubalulekile ukunquma kuqala. Ukuze siqonde kangcono, sihlukanisa amakhompyutha abe ngezigaba ezintathu: ihhovisi, imidlalo futhi abasebenzi. Ngakho kuyoba lula ukuphendula umbuzo othi "kungani ngidinga ikhompyutha?". Kunesinye isigaba - "isikhungo se-multimedia", sizokhuluma ngakho ngezansi.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko lapho ukhetha ikhadi le-graphiti ukuze uthole ukusebenza okudingekayo ngaphandle kokukhokhwa ngaphezulu kwama cores engeziwe, ama-texture units kanye ne-megahertz.
Ikhompyutha yekhompyutha
Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa umshini ukuze usebenze ngamadokhumenti wombhalo, izinhlelo ezilula zehluzo neziphequluli, kungabizwa ngokuthi ihhovisi.
Ngomshini onjalo, amakhodi wevidiyo omabhajethi amaningi kakhulu afanelekile, kubantu abavamile ababizwa ngokuthi "gags". Lezi zihlanganisa amashrimputha AMD R5, iNvidia GT 6 no-7 uchungechunge, osanda kumemezelwa iGT 1030.
Ngesikhathi sokubhala, wonke ama-accelerator athunyelwe anememori yevidiyo engu-1 - 2 ebhodini, okungaphezulu kokwanele kwemisebenzi evamile. Isibonelo, i-Photoshop idinga u-512 MB ukusebenzisa konke ukusebenza kwayo.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, amakhadi alesi sigaba asebenzisa amandla aphansi kakhulu noma "TDP" (GT 710 - 19 W!), Okukuvumela ukufaka kuzo izinhlelo zokupholisa. Amamodeli afanayo anesiqalo egameni. "Thule" futhi bathule ngokuphelele.
Emishini yemishini ifakwe ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthi ugijime amanye amageyimu angafuni kakhulu.
Ikhompyutha yokugembula
Amakhadi wevidiyo amageyimu athatha i-niche enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwamadivayisi afanayo. Lapha, okukhethwa kukho ngokuyinhloko kuxhomeke kwisabelomali, okuhleliwe ukuba kuhle.
Isici esibalulekile ukuthi uhlela ukudlala kukhompyutha enjalo. Ukuze unqume ukuthi i-gameplay izobe ikhululekile yini kule accelerator, izosiza imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuningi okuthunyelwe kwi-inthanethi.
Ukufuna imiphumela, kwanele ukubhalisa ku-Yandex noma ku-Google isicelo esinegama lekhadi levidiyo kanye negama elithi "ukuhlolwa". Isibonelo "I-GTX 1050Izivivinyo".
Ngesabelomali encane, kufanele uqaphele ingxenye engaphakathi nephansi yekhadi levidiyo okwamanje, ngesikhathi sokuhlelwa kokuthenga, ukuhlela. Kungase kudingeke uhlabele ezinye "imihlobiso" emdlalweni, wehlisa izilungiselelo zehluzo.
Uma kunjalo, uma izimali zingalinganiselwe, ungabheka amadivayisi weklasi ye-HI-END, okungukuthi, amamodeli amadala. Lapha kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukusebenza akukhulumi ngokulingana nentengo. Yiqiniso, i-GTX 1080 izoba namandla kunodade wayo omncane 1070, kodwa umdlalo "ngehlo" ungafana nakwezinye izimo zombili. Umehluko emazindeni ungaba mkhulu kakhulu.
Ikhompiyutha yomsebenzi
Uma ukhetha ikhadi levidyo ngomshini osebenzayo, udinga ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo esihlela ukuyisebenzisa.
Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ikhadi le-office liyakulungele ngempela i-Photoshop, futhi kakade izinhlelo ezifana ne-Sony Vegas, i-Adobe After Effects, i-Premiere Pro nezinye izinhlelo zokuhlela ividiyo ezine-"viewport" (iwindi lokubuka kuqala lemiphumela yokucubungula) lizovele lidinga amandla amakhulu isheshayo se-graphic.
Isofthiwe enkulu kakhulu yokuhumusha isetshenziselwa ukusebenzisa ividyo khadi ekwenzeni ividiyo noma izigcawu ze-3D. Ngokwemvelo, i-adapter enamandla kakhulu, isikhathi esincane sizosetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni.
Okufanele kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngamakhadi e-Nvidia ngobuchwepheshe bawo. CUDA, evumela ukusetshenziswa okugcwele kwe-hardware amandla okufaka ikhodi nokucubungula.
Emvelweni, kukhona futhi ama-speed accelerators, njenge I-Quadro (Nvidia) futhi Firepro (AMD), esetshenziselwa ukucubungula imodeli eyinkimbinkimbi ye 3D kanye nezigcawu. Izindleko zamadivayisi wezobuchwepheshe zingaba zikhulu kakhulu, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kwabo ezindaweni zokusebenzela ekhaya kungabi nzuzo.
Umkhakha wemishini yobuchwepheshe ihlanganisa izixazululo ezingaphezulu kwesabelomali, kodwa amakhadi we- "Pro" anomsebenzi omncane futhi ngentengo efanako izokwehla ngemuva kwe-GTX evamile emidlalweni efanayo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi uhlela ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha kuphela ekuhlinzekeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezicelo ze-3D, kunengqondo ukuthenga i- "pro".
Isikhungo se-Multimedia
Amakhompiyutha e-multimedia aklanyelwe ukudlala okuqukethwe okuhlukahlukene, ngevidiyo ethile. Sekuyisikhathi eside sekukhona ama-movie ku-4K isinqumo kanye nesilinganiso esikhulu senani (inani lemininingwane ehanjiswa ngomzuzwana). Esikhathini esizayo, lezi zimingcele zizokhula kuphela, ngakho uma ukhetha ikhadi levidiyo le-multimedia, kuyadingeka ukuba unake ukuthi ngabe uzokwenzela kanjani ukusakaza okunjalo ngokuphumelelayo.
Kubonakala sengathi i-movie evamile ayikwazi "ukulayisha" i-adapter ngo-100%, kodwa empeleni, ividiyo ye-4K ingakwazi "ukunciphisa" kakhulu amakhadi abuthakathaka.
Amathrendi kokuqukethwe kokulinganisa nobuchwepheshe obusha bokubhala ikhodi (H265) asiphoqele ukuba sizinake izindlela ezintsha zanamuhla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amakhadi olayini owodwa (i-10xx evela ku-Nvidia) anamabhuloki afanayo ekubunjeni kwiprosesa ecacile I-Purevideoukucacisa ukusakazwa kwevidyo, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukuphoqa ngaphezulu.
Njengoba i-TV kufanele ixhunywe ohlelweni, kufanele uqaphele ukuba khona kwesixhumanisi I-HDMI 2.0 ekhadini levidiyo.
Umthamo wememori yevidiyo
Njengoba wazi, inkumbulo into enjalo engenzeki kakhulu. Imiklamo yemidlalo yanamuhla "idla" izinsiza ngokudla okunesabekayo. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, singaphetha ngokuthi kungcono ukuthenga ikhadi nge-6 GB, kunezingu-3.
Isibonelo, i-Assasin's Creed Syndicate ne-Ultra graph esethiwe ngaphambilini ku-FullHD (1920 × 1080) isinqumo sinamandla angaphezu kuka-4.5 GB.
Umdlalo ofanayo nezilungiselelo ezifanayo ku-2.5K (2650x1440):
Ku-4K (3840x2160), ngisho nabanikazi bamakhadi wehluzo eziphezu kokuphela kuzodingeka ukuthi banciphise izilungiselelo. Kuyiqiniso, kunezi-accelerator ezingu-1080 ze-11 GB zenkumbulo, kodwa intengo yabo iqala ngo-$ 600.
Konke okubalwe ngenhla kusebenza kuphela kwizixazululo zokudlala. Ukuba nememori eminingi kumahhovisi wevidiyo ehhovisi akusona isidingo, ngoba ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi baqale umdlalo, okwazi ukuqonda le vidiyo.
Amabhizinisi
Izinto zangempela zanamuhla zifana nokuthi umehluko phakathi kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo evela kubathengisi abahlukene (abakhiqizi) iqhutshwa phambili. I-aphorism "I-Palit iyashisa kahle" ayisasebenzi.
Ukungafani phakathi kwamakhadi kulokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlelo ezipholile zokupholisa, ukutholakala kwezigaba zamandla ezengeziwe, okuvumela ukuba kufinyeleleke ngokweqile ngokweqile, kanye nokwengezwa kokuhlukile, "okungenalusizo" kusukela ekubukeni kwezobuchwepheshe, "okuhle" njenge-backlight RGB.
Sizokukhuluma ngokuphumelela kwengxenye yezobuchwepheshe ngezansi, kodwa mayelana nokuklama (funda: ukumaketha) "buns" singasho okulandelayo: nansi into eyodwa enhle - lokhu kujabulisa ubuhle. Imizwelo emihle ayilimazanga noma ubani.
Uhlelo lokupholisa
Uhlelo lokupholisa lwe-processor ihluzo ngenani elikhulu lamapayipi okushisa kanye ne-radiator enkulu, eqinisweni, lizosebenza kahle kakhulu kune-aluminium evamile, kodwa uma ukhetha ikhadi levidyo kufanele uhlale ukhumbule ipakethe yokushisa (I-Tdp). Ungathola usayizi wephakheji kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizi we-chip, isibonelo, i-Nvidia, noma ngqo kusuka ekhadini lomkhiqizo esitolo se-intanethi.
Ngezansi isibonelo ngeGTX 1050 Ti.
Njengoba ubona, iphakheji isincane kakhulu, ama-CPU amaningi noma angenamandla kakhulu ane-TDP ye-90 W, ngenkathi ehlile ngempumelelo ngama coolers angabizi kakhulu.
I5 6600K:
Isiphetho: uma ukhetho luwela kwabancane ekuhleleni kwekhadi, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthenga eshibhile, ngoba inkokhiso yokusebenza yokuphefumula "ephumelelayo" ingafinyelela ku-40%.
Ngamamodeli asebekhulile, konke kunzima kakhulu. Ama-accelerator anamandla adinga ukushisa okuhle kokushisa kokubili kwe-GPU kanye ne-memory chips, ngakho-ke kungaba kuhle ukufunda ukuhlolwa nokubuyekezwa kwamakhadi wevidiyo ngamalungiselelo ahlukene. Indlela yokusesha ukuhlolwa, sesivele sikhulume ngaphambili.
With noma ngaphandle overclocking
Ngokusobala, ukwandisa ama-frequencies osebenzayo weprojekti yehluzo nememori yevidiyo kufanele kuthinte ukusebenza kube ngcono. Yebo, lokhu kuyiqiniso, kodwa ngezici ezikhulayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzokwandisa, okusho ukushisa. Ngombono wethu othobekile, ukweluleka ngokweqile kunconywa kuphela uma kungenakwenzeka ukusebenza noma ukudlala kahle ngaphandle kwalo.
Isibonelo, ngaphandle kwe-overclocking, ikhadi levidiyo alinakukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngesilinganiso esihleliwe sesigamu ngomzuzwana, "ukulenga", "ukukhamuluka" kwenzeka, ama-FPS awela phansi lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukudlala. Kulesi simo, ungacabanga ngokudlula noma ukuthenga i-adapter enezikhathi eziphakeme.
Uma i-gameplay iqhubeka ngokujwayelekile, akusikho isidingo sokugcizelela izici. Ama-GPU anamuhla anamandla ngokwanele, futhi ukukhulisa ama-frequency nge-50 - 100 megahertz ngeke kwengeze induduzo. Naphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izinsizakalo ezithandwayo zizama ukukhunjulwa ngokuzikhandla "okukhona okuvelele" okungenasisekelo.
Lokhu kusebenza kuwo wonke amamodeli amakhadi wevidiyo anesiqalo egameni lawo. "OC"okusho ukuthi "ukugqithisa ngokweqile" noma ukugqithiswa ngokweqile efektri, noma "Ukugembula" (umdlalo). Abakhiqizi ababonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi egameni ukuthi i-adapter igqamile, ngakho-ke kudingeka uhlole ama-frequencies futhi, nakanjani, ngentengo. Amakhadi anjalo ajwayelekile ngokweqile, ngoba adinga ukupholisa kangcono kanye nesistimu yamandla enamandla.
Yiqiniso, uma kunomgomo wokufeza amaphuzu amancane kakhulu ekuhlolweni okwenziwe ukuze kusetshenziswe ukuzethemba, khona-ke kufanelekile ukuthenga imodeli ebiza kakhulu ezobhekana nokusheshisa okuhle.
AMD noma i-Nvidia
Njengoba ungabona, ku-athikili esichaze izimiso zokukhethwa kwe-adapter usebenzisa isibonelo se-Nvidia. Uma umbono wakho uwela ku-AMD, konke okungenhla nakho kungasetshenziswa kumakhadi akwa-Radeon.
Isiphetho
Uma ukhetha ikhadi levidyo kwikhompyutha, kufanele uqondiswe ubukhulu besabelomali, imigomo ebekiwe kanye nokuqonda okuvamile. Zikhethele ukuthi umshini osebenzayo uzosetshenziswa kanjani, futhi ukhethe imodeli efaneleka kakhulu esimeni esithile futhi ungakwazi ukukhokhela.
