Amatafula we-Excel pivot anika ithuba kubasebenzisi ukuthi baqoqe inani elikhulu lolwazi olunezibhebhe ezinamandla endaweni eyodwa, kanye nokudala imibiko ephelele. Kulesi simo, amanani amatafula okufingqa avuselelwa ngokuzenzekelayo uma inani lenye ithebula elihambisanayo lishintsha. Ake sithole indlela yokwakha itafula le-pivot ku-Microsoft Excel.
Ukudala ithebula le-pivot ngendlela evamile
Noma kunjalo, sizocubungula inqubo yokwakha itafula le-pivot usebenzisa isibonelo se-Microsoft Excel 2010, kodwa le algorithm isebenza kwezinye izinguqulo zesimanje zalolu hlelo lokusebenza.
Sithatha ithebula lemali yokukhokhwa kwabasebenzi bebhizinisi njengesisekelo. Kubonisa amagama abasebenzi, ubulili, isigaba, usuku lokukhokha, nenani lokukhokha. Yilokho, isiqephu ngasinye sokukhokhwa kwesisebenzi ngasinye sihambisana nomugqa ohlukile wetafula. Kumele sibe neqoqo lemininingwane elandelwayo kuletafula kutafula elilodwa le-pivot. Kulesi simo, idatha izothathwa kuphela kwikota yesithathu ka-2016. Ake sibone ukuthi singakwenza kanjani lokhu ngesibonelo esithile.
Okokuqala, sizoguqula ithebula lokuqala ekudleni. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze esimweni sokwengeza imigqa kanye neminye imininingwane, zihanjiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kuthebula le-pivot. Kulokhu, siba isikhombisi kunoma isiphi iseli etafuleni. Bese, ku-"Izitayela" ezisebhange, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Fometha njengetafula". Khetha noma yisiphi isitayela setafula oyithandayo.
Okulandelayo, ibhokisi lengxoxo livuleka, elisinikeza ukuthi sicacise izixhumanisi zendawo yetafula. Noma kunjalo, ngokuzenzakalelayo, izixhumanisi ezihlinzeka ngohlelo futhi zihlanganisa yonke ithebula. Ngakho-ke singavumelana kuphela, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile". Kodwa, abasebenzisi kufanele bazi ukuthi uma befisa, bangashintsha imingcele yendawo yokufaka itafula lapha.
Emva kwalokho, ithebula liphenduka libe lishintsha, futhi liphinde liqinisekiswe. Ibuye ithole igama lokuthi, uma lifisa, umsebenzisi angashintsha kunoma yikuphi okulula kuye. Ungabuka noma ushintshe igama lesetafula kuthebhu "Umklami".
Ukuze uqale ngokuqondile ukudala ithebula le-pivot, iya kuthebhu ethi "Faka". Ukuvula, chofoza inkinobho yokuqala yokuqala ebhokisini, okuthiwa "i-Pivot Table". Emva kwalokho, imenyu ivula lapho okufanele ukhethe ukuthi sizokwenzani, itafula noma ishadi. Chofoza inkinobho "Ithebula le-Pivot".
Iwindi livuleka lapho sidinga khona futhi ukukhetha ibanga, noma igama letafula. Njengoba ungabona, uhlelo ngokwalo luye lwafaka igama letafula lethu, ngakho-ke akukho lutho olungenziwa lapha. Ngaphansi kwebhokisi lebhokisi, ungakhetha indawo lapho itafula le-pivot lizokwenziwa khona: kushidi elisha (ngokuzenzakalelayo), noma kushidi elifanayo. Yiqiniso, ezimweni eziningi, kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa ithebula le-pivot ekhasini elihlukile. Kodwa, lokhu kuyinkinga ngayinye yomsebenzisi ngamunye, okuxhomeke kokuthandayo, nemisebenzi. Sifaka nje inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
Ngemuva kwalokho, ifomu lokudala ithebula le-pivot livula ishidi elisha.
Njengoba ungabona, ngakwesokudla kwefasitela uhlu lwamasimu etafula, futhi ngezansi kukhona izindawo ezine:
- Amagama emigqa;
- Amakholomu amagama;
- Amanani;
- Bika isihlungi
Kulula, sidonsela amasimu esiwadingayo etafuleni ezindaweni ezihambisana nezidingo zethu. Awukho umthetho ocacile ocacisiwe, okumele kushintshwe amasimu, ngoba konke kuxhomeke kuthebula lomthombo, nasemisebenzini ethile engashintsha.
Ngakho-ke, kulolu cala oluthile, sithuthele amasimu "we-Floor" nelithi "Usuku" ku-field "Umbiko Wokuhlunga", insimu ethi "Isigaba Sobasebenzi" ensimini "Amagama Ekholomu", insimu "Igama" emkhakheni we "Row Names", "Inani" inkokhelo "ku" Amanani ". Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke izibalo ze-arithmetic yedatha eziqinisiwe kusuka kwelinye itafula kungenzeka kuphela endaweni yokugcina. Njengoba sibona, ngenkathi senze lezi zindlela ngokudluliselwa kwamasimu endaweni, ithebula ngokwayo ngakwesokunxele kwewindi yashintsha ngokufanele.
Lena yithebula lesifinyeto. Ngaphezulu kwetafula, ukuhlunga ngobulili nosuku kuboniswa.
Ukusethwa kwetafula le-Pivot
Kodwa, njengoba sikhumbula, kuphela idatha yekota yesithathu kufanele ihlale etafuleni. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, idatha iboniswa sonke isikhathi. Ukuze ulethe itafula efomini elifunayo, sichofoza inkinobho eduze kwesihlungi "Usuku". Ewindini elibonakalayo sabeka uphawu oluphambene nombhalo othi "Khetha izinto eziningana". Okulandelayo, susa uphawu kusukela kuwo wonke amadethi angafanelanga esikhathini sekota yesithathu. Esimweni sethu, lokhu kungusuku olulodwa nje. Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
Ngendlela efanayo, singasebenzisa isihlungi ngobulili bese sikhetha, isibonelo, amadoda kuphela kulo mbiko.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ithebula le-pivot lithole lo mbono.
Ukuze ubonise ukuthi ungakwazi ukulawula idatha etafuleni njengoba uthanda, vula ifomu lohlu lwamasimu futhi. Ukwenza lokhu, iya kuthebhu ethi "Parameters", bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Uhlu lwamasimu". Khona-ke, susa insimu ye-Date kusuka ku-Fripper Report ku-Line Name field, bese ushintshanisa amasimu phakathi kwesiKhungo sabasebenzi kanye namasimu obulili. Yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa ngokumane uhudula izakhi.
Manje, ithebula libukeka ngokuhluke ngokuphelele. Amakholomu ahlukaniswe ubulili, ukuphazamiseka kwezinyanga kubonakala emigqeni, futhi itafula manje lingasetshenziswa ngohlelo lwesisebenzi.
Uma ohlwini lwamasimu igama lemigqa lisuswa, futhi usuku lubekwe phezulu kunegama, khona-ke kuyoba izinsuku zokukhokha ezizohlukaniswa ngamagama abasebenzi.
Futhi, ungabonisa izindinganiso zamanani zetafula ngesimo se-histogram. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha iseli ngenani lezinombolo etafuleni, iya kuthebhu yaseKhaya, chofoza inkinobho yokuFometha okuMibandela, iya ku-Intotograms, bese ukhetha i-histogram oyithandayo.
Njengoba ubona, i-histogram ibonakala kuphela esitokisini esisodwa. Ukuze usebenzise umthetho we-histogram kuwo wonke amaseli asetafuleni, chofoza inkinobho evele eceleni kwe-histogram, futhi ewindini evulekayo, vula inkinobho ku "Kuzo zonke izisele".
Manje, ithebula lethu lokufinyelela liye labonakala.
Ukwakha itafula le-pivot usebenzisa i-Pivot Table Wizard
Ungakha ithebula le-pivot ngokusebenzisa i-Pivot Table Wizard. Kodwa, ngenxa yalokhu, ngokushesha udinga ukuletha leli thuluzi kwi-Quick Access Toolbar. Iya ku "Ifayela" into yemenyu, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Parameters".
Ewindini yemingcele evulwayo, iya kusigaba se "Quick Access Panel". Sakhetha amaqembu avela kumaqembu e-tape. Kuhlu lwezinto, bheka i- "I-Pivot Table ne-Chart Wizard". Khetha, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Engeza", bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile" ekhoneni elingaphansi kwesokudla kwewindi.
Njengoba ubona, emva kwezenzo zethu, isithonjana esisha sivele kwi-Quick Access Toolbar. Chofoza kuso.
Ngemuva kwalokho, i-wivard ye-pivot ivula. Njengoba ungabona, sinezinketho ezine zomthombo wedatha, kusuka lapho itafula le-pivot lizokwakhiwa khona:
- ohlwini noma kwi-Microsoft Excel database;
- kumthombo wedatha wangaphandle (enye ifayela);
- ezindaweni eziningana zokuhlanganiswa;
- kwelinye ithebula le-pivot noma ishadi le-pivot.
Ngezansi kufanele ukhethe ukuthi sizokwenzani, ithebula le-pivot noma ishadi. Yenza ukhetho bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Okulandelayo".
Ngemuva kwalokho, iwindi livela ngebanga letafula nedatha ongayishintsha uma ufisa, kodwa akudingeki sikwenze lokhu. Vele uchofoze inkinobho ethi "Okulandelayo".
Khona-ke, i-Pivot Table Wizard ihlinzeka ukukhetha indawo lapho itafula elisha lizobekwa khona kushidi elifanayo noma elisha. Yenza okukhethwa kukho, bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi "Yenziwe".
Ngemuva kwalokho, ishidi elisha livula ngendlela efanayo evuliwe ngendlela evamile yokwakha itafula le-pivot. Ngakho-ke, akusizi ngalutho ukuhlala kuyo ngokuhlukile.
Zonke izenzo ezengeziwe zenziwa ngokulandela i-algorithm efanayo echazwe ngenhla.
Njengoba ubona, ungakha ithebula le-pivot ku-Microsoft Excel ngezindlela ezimbili: ngendlela evamile ngokusebenzisa inkinobho ebhebhini, bese usebenzisa i-Pivot Table Wizard. Indlela yesibili inikeza izici ezengeziwe, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, ukusebenza kokhetho lokuqala kukwanele ukuqedela imisebenzi. Amatafula we-Pivot angenza idatha kumbiko cishe cishe noma yiziphi izinkomba umsebenzisi ezichazayo kuzilungiselelo.
