Ukuhlaziywa kobudlova kungenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu zocwaningo lwezibalo. Ngalo, ungabeka izinga lempikiswano yezinguquko ezizimele eziguquguqukayo ezixhomekile. I-Microsoft Excel ineamathuluzi okwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlaziywa. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangubani nokuthi bangayisebenzisa kanjani.
Iphakheji yokuhlaziya uxhumano
Kodwa, ukuze usebenzise umsebenzi ovumela ukuhlaziywa kokuvuselela, okokuqala, udinga ukucupha iPhakheji yokuhlaziywa. Khona-ke amathuluzi adingekayo kule nqubo azovela kuthebhu ye-Excel.
- Hambisa kuthebhu "Ifayela".
- Yiya esigabeni "Izinketho".
- Iwindi yezinketho ze-Excel ivula. Yiya esigatshaneni Engeza-ons.
- Ngezansi kwefasitela evulekayo, lungisa kabusha ushintsho ebhodini "Ukuphathwa" esimweni Faka i-Exceluma kusendaweni ehlukile. Sicindezela inkinobho "Hamba".
- I-window ye-add-ons ivulekile. Beka uphawu eduze kwento "I-Package Analysis". Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
Manje uma siya kuthebhu "Idatha", kwi-tape ebhodini lamathuluzi "Ukuhlaziywa" sizobona inkinobho entsha - "Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha".
Izinhlobo zokuhlaziywa kabusha
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zokuphindaphinda:
- i-parabolic;
- amandla;
- i-logarithmic;
- ukucacisa;
- ukubonisa;
- i-hyperbolic;
- ukuguqulwa okulinganayo.
Sizokhuluma kabanzi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kohlobo lokugcina lokuhlaziywa kwe-Excel.
Ukulawulwa komugqa ku-Excel
Ngezansi, njengesibonelo, itafula linikezwa elibonisa izinga lokushisa lomoya lansuku zonke ngaphandle, kanye nenani labathengi besitolo ngosuku olusebenzayo olusebenzayo. Masifunde ngosizo lokuhlaziywa kwe-regression, ukuthi isimo sezulu sezulu esimweni sezinga lokushisa komoya singathinta kanjani ukuba khona kwesakhiwo sokuhweba.
Ukulingana okujwayelekile kokuhlelwa kohlobo olulodwa kunendlela elandelayo:Y = a0 + a1x1 + ... + akhk. Kule fomula Y kusho ukuguquguquka, ithonya lezinto esizama ukutadisha ngazo. Esikhathini sethu, lokhu kuyinani labathengi. Okushoyo x - lezi zici ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukuguquguquka. Amapharamitha a kukhona ama-coefficients wokulawula. Okusho ukuthi, banquma ukubaluleka kwesici esithile. Inkomba k ichaza inani eliphelele lalezi zici.
- Chofoza inkinobho "Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha". Ifakwa kuthebhu. "Ikhaya" ebhodini lamathuluzi "Ukuhlaziywa".
- Iwindi elincane livuleka. Kulo, khetha into "Ukunciphisa". Sicindezela inkinobho "Kulungile".
- Iwindi yokuhlela iwindi ivula. Kuyo, amasimu adingekayo "Isikhathi sokufaka i-Y" futhi "Isikhathi sokufaka i-X". Zonke ezinye izilungiselelo zingashiywa njengezizenzakalelayo.
Ensimini "Isikhathi sokufaka i-Y" sichaza ikheli lobubanzi bamaseli lapho kutholakala khona idatha eguquguqukayo, ithonya lezinto esizama ukuzisebenzisa. Esimweni sethu, lezi zizoba ngamaseli "ikholomu yenani labathengi". Ikheli lingangena ngesandla kusuka kwikhibhodi, noma ungamane ukhethe ikholomu oyifunayo. Ukhetho lokugcina lulula futhi lungcono kakhulu.
Ensimini "Isikhathi sokufaka i-X" faka ikheli lezinhlobo zamaseli lapho idatha yento, ithonya lento eguquguqukayo esifuna ukuyibeka, itholakala. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kudingeka sithole umphumela wokushisa ngenani lamakhasimende esitolo, ngakho-ke faka ikheli lamaseli "ikholomu" yokushisa. Lokhu kungenziwa ngendlela efanayo nendawo "Inani labathengi".
Ngosizo lwezinye izilungiselelo, ungabeka amalebuli, izinga lokuthembeka, njalo-zero, ubonise igrafu yezenzo ezijwayelekile, futhi wenze ezinye izenzo. Kodwa, ezimweni eziningi, lezi zilungiselelo akudingeki zishintshwe. Into okumele uyiqaphele yimizila ephumayo. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, imiphumela yokuhlaziywa ivela kwenye ishidi, kodwa ngokulungisa kabusha ushintsho, ungasetha ukukhishwa ebangeni elichaziwe kushidi elifanayo lapho ithebula elikhona nedatha yokuqala likhona, noma encwadini ehlukile, okungukuthi, efayeleni elisha.
Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izilungiselelo zibekwe, chofoza inkinobho. "Kulungile".
Ukuhlaziywa kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa
Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kokuhlaziywa iboniswa ngendlela yetafula endaweni ekhonjisiwe kuzilungiselelo.
Enye yezinkomba ezinkulu R-isikwele. Kubonisa izinga lemodeli. Esikhathini sethu, lokhu isilinganiso ku-0.705, noma cishe ngo-70.5%. Lelizinga elamukelekayo lekhwalithi. Ukuxhomeka ngaphansi kuka-0.5 kubi.
Esinye isibonakaliso esibalulekile sisesitokisini emkhakheni wegqa. "Y-intersection" kanye nekholomu Izimo. Kubonisa ukuthi yiliphi inani elizobe likhona ku-Y, futhi kithi, lokhu kuyinani labathengi, nazo zonke ezinye izici ezilingana no-zero. Kulesi sithebula, leli xabiso lingu-58.04.
Inani emkhakheni wegrafu "Okuguquguqukayo X1" futhi Izimo ikhombisa izinga lokuxhomekeka kwe-Y ku-X. Esikhathini sethu, lokhu kuyinkinga yokuxhomeka kwenani lamakhasimende esitolo ekushiseni. I-coefficient ye-1.31 ibhekwa njengendlela ephakeme kakhulu yethonya.
Njengoba ubona, ukusebenzisa i-Microsoft Excel kulula kakhulu ukudala ithebula lokuhlaziywa kabusha. Kodwa, umuntu oqeqeshwe kuphela ongasebenza ngedatha yokukhipha, futhi aqonde okusemqoka.
