Abaphathi befayela abathandwayo kakhulu bezinhlelo zokusebenza kwi-kernel ye-Linux baneThuluzi lokusesha elisebenza kahle. Noma kunjalo, imingcele engavamile ngaso sonke isikhathi ayanele ukuba umsebenzisi afune ulwazi oludingekayo. Kulesi simo, Umbuso ojwayelekile osebenza ngawo "Isikhumbuzo". Ikuvumela ukuba uthole kalula idatha edingekayo kumhlahlandlela othile noma ohlelweni ngokufaka umyalo, ukuphikisana nokukhethwa kukho.
Sebenzisa umyalo wokuthola ku-Linux.
Ithimba thola yakhelwe ukucinga izinto ezihlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amafayela kunoma iyiphi ifomethi kanye nesiqondisi sezinzulu ezihlukahlukene. Umsebenzisi udinga kuphela ukufaka umyalo ngokwawo, ucacise inani elifunayo, futhi unike iziphakamiso ukusetha imingcele yokuhlunga. Ukwenza inqubo yi-Umbuso ngokwakho ngokuvamile akuthathi isikhathi esiningi, kodwa futhi kuncike ekutheni inani lwazi lithwetshiwe. Manje ake sibheke izibonelo zokusetshenziswa. thola ngokuningiliziwe.
Zulalela ku-directory ngokusebenzisa i-console
Okokuqala, ngingathanda ukubuyela kancane kusuka eqenjini eliyinhloko futhi uthinte ngesihloko sezenzo ezengeziwe ezizosiza esikhathini esizayo uma ulawula kusuka ku-console. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinsiza ezisetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa i-Linux aziqinisekisiwe ngokusesha zonke izinto kukhompyutha. Zonke izinqubo kufanele ziqaliswe kuphela ngokubonisa indawo ephelele ezakhiweni noma ukuya endaweni ngomyalo cd. Lokhu kungenziwa kalula kalula:
- Vula imenenja yefayela efakiwe bese uhamba kufolda oyifunayo lapho ufuna ukusebenzisa umyalo kamuva. thola.
- Chofoza ngakwesokudla kunoma iyiphi into bese uthola into "Izakhiwo".
- Uzobona ifolda yomzali wayo ngendlela egcwele. Khumbula ngekhanda ukwenza ushintsho kusuka "Isikhumbuzo".
- Manje qalisa i-console, isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa imenyu.
- Bhalisa iqembu lapho
cd / ekhaya / umsebenzisi / ifoldakuphi umsebenzisi - igama lefolda yasekhaya lomsebenzisi, futhi ifolda - igama lencwadi edingekayo.
Uma ngaphambi kokusebenzisa thola, landela imiyalelo engenhla, ungashiya indlela egcwele efayeleni, uma nje kungendawo ekhethiwe. Isisombululo esinjalo sizokwenza ngokushesha ukusheshisa imiyalo yokufaka esikhathini esizayo.
Sesha amafayela kwincwadi yamanje
Lapho wenzatholakusukela ku-console esanda kuqaliswa, uzothola imiphumela yokusesha kwirekhodi lakho lasekhaya lomsebenzisi osebenzayo. Kwesinye isenzakalo, isibonelo, uma usebenze ngesikhathi sokusesha ngendawo, emiphumeleni uzobona wonke amafolda kanye namafayela ale ndawo akhona kuwo.
Ukuqalisa thola akukho ziphakamiso kanye nezinketho ezisetshenziswa uma udinga ukubuka zonke izakhi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma igama labo lingagcini ngokuphelele emigqeni, kufanelekile ukushintsha umyalo wokwenza ubukekethola. -print.
Sesha amafayela kunencazelo ecacisiwe
Umyalo wokubonisa amafayela ngomzila owenziwe cishe ufana nalowo esishiwo ngenhla. Kufanele futhi ubhalisetholabese ufaka./folderuma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nesiqondisi endaweni yamanje, noma ngabe udinga ukucacisa indlela ephelele ngokuthayipha, isibonelo,thola ./home/user/downloads/folderkuphi ifolda - isiqondisi sokugcina. Izakhi ngayinye zizoboniswa emigqeni ehlukene ngendlela yokujula kwazo.
Sesha ngegama
Ngezinye izikhathi kunesidingo sokubonisa kuphela izinto ezanelisa igama. Khona-ke umsebenzisi udinga ukusetha ukhetho oluhlukile lomyalo, ukuze uqonde isikhalazo. Umzila wokufaka uthatha ifomu elilandelayo:thola. -igama "igama"kuphi igama - Igama elingukhiye lokusesha, okumelwe kubhalwe phansi ngamacaphuno amabili futhi icala lizwela.
Uma ungazi ukuthi yiliphi leli phepha, noma ufisa ukubonisa wonke amagama afanelekile, ngaphandle kokuthatha lokhu kuphazamisa, faka ku-consolethola. -iname "igama".
Ukuhlunga imiphumela nge-argument yegama elingukhiye -name enye ingeziwe. Ithimba lithatha ifomuthola. Igama-igama elithi "igama"kuphi igama - igama okufanele lisuswe.
Noma kunjalo ngezinye izikhathi kunesidingo sokuthola izinto ngesikhiye esisodwa, kuyilapho ungafaki enye. Khona-ke izinketho eziningi zokusesha zinikezwa ngokuzenzekelayo, futhi umugqa wokufaka utholakala kanje:thola. -igama "igama" -lona igama "* .txt". Qaphela ukuthi ukuphikisana kwesibili kumacaphuno kubonisa "* .txt »okusho lokho thola Asebenza hhayi ngamagama kuphela, kodwa futhi namafomethi wefayela achazwe kuleli fomu.
Kukhona futhi opharetha Noma. Ikuvumela ukuthi uthole eyodwa noma izimpikiswano eziningana ezifanele ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngamunye ucacisiwe ngokwehlukana, ngokufakazela izingxabano ezihambelanayo. Umphumela into enjengale:thola-igama "igama" -o-igama "igama1".
Icacisa ukujula kosesho
Ithimba thola izosiza umsebenzisi ngisho nalapho efuna ukuthola okuqukethwe kwezinkomba kuphela ekujuleni okucacisiwe, isibonelo, ukuhlaziywa akudingeki ngaphakathi kwefoldadi yesithathu. Ukusetha imingcele enjalo, fakathola. -maxdepth N-igama "igama"kuphi N - ukujula okuphezulu, futhi -igama "igama" - noma yiziphi iziphakamiso ezalandela.
Sesha izinkomba eziningi
Ezinhlokweni eziningi kukhona amafolda amaningana anokuqukethwe okuhlukile. Uma kukhona inamba enkulu, futhi ukusesha kufanele kwenziwe kuphela kwezinye, khona-ke kuzodingeka ucacise lokhu uma ufaka umyalothola ./folder ./folder1 -type f-igama "igama"kuphi ./folder ./folder1 - uhlu lwamagama afanelekayo, futhi -igama "igama" - Ama-arguments asele.
Bonisa Izinto Ezifihliwe
Ngaphandle kwempikiswano ehambelanayo, izinto ezifihliwe ezinkampanini ezithwetshiwe ngeke ziboniswe ku-console. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzisi ubhalisa ngokuzenzekelayo inketho eyengeziwe ukuze ekugcineni umyalo ube kanje:thola ~ -type f -name ". *". Uzothola uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke amafayela, kodwa uma abanye babo bengenakho ukufinyelela, ngaphambi kwegama thola ngokubhala phansisudoukuze kusebenze amalungelo angaphezulu.
Iqoqo leqembu namafolda ekhaya abasebenzisi
Umsebenzisi ngamunye angakha inombolo engenamkhawulo wezinkomba nezinhloso ezindaweni ezahlukene. Indlela esheshayo yokuthola ulwazi lomunye wabasebenzisi, usebenzisa umyalo thola futhi enye yezimpikiswano zakhe. Ngaphakathi "Isikhumbuzo" bhala phansithola. igama lomsebenzisikuphi igama lomsebenzisi - igama lomsebenzisi. Ngemuva kokungena ku-scan kuzoqala ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Cishe uhlelo olufanayo lusebenza namaqembu omsebenzisi. Ukuhlaziywa kwamafayela ahlobene nelinye lamacembu kuqalisiwethola / var / www-group group groupname. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kungaba nenani elikhulu lezinto futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukukhipha konke.
Hlunga ngosuku lokushintsha
Uhlelo lokusebenza lugcina ngokuzenzakalelayo usuku lokushintsha kwefayela ngalinye elikhona. Ithimba thola ikuvumela ukuba uthole konke ngepharamitha ecacisiwe. Kudingeka kuphela ukubhalisasudo thola / -mtime Nkuphi N - inani lezinsuku ezedlule lapho into egcine ukuguqulwa. Isiqalo sudo lapha kuyadingeka ukuze uthole idatha futhi mayelana namafayela ahloswe kuphela kumphathi omkhulu.
Uma unesithakazelo ekubukeni izinto ezigcina ukuvula inombolo ethile yezinsuku ezedlule, khona-ke umugqa ushintsha ukubukeka kwawo kancanesudo thola / -atime N.
Hlunga nge usayizi wefayela
Into ngayinye inesayizi wayo, ngokulandelana, umyalo wokucinga amafayela kufanele ube nomsebenzi ovumela ukuthi uwahlunge ngale parameter. thola uyazi ukwenza lokhu, umsebenzisi udinga kuphela ukusetha usayizi ngokwawo ngokusebenzisa ingxabano. Vele ungenethola / -siza Nkuphi N - ivolumu ngama-bytes, megabytes (M) noma ama-gigabytes (G).
Ungacacisa ububanzi bezinto ezifunwayo. Khona-ke abaqeqeshwayo bayavumelana nomyalo futhi uthole, isibonelo, umugqa olandelayo:thola / -siza + 500M -siza -1000M. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kuzobonisa amafayela angaphezu kwangu-500 ama-megabytes, kodwa angaphansi kuka-1000.
Sesha amafayela angenalutho namarekhodi
Amanye amafayela noma amafolda ayinalutho. Bavele bathathe isikhala esengeziwe sediski futhi ngezinye izikhathi baphazamise ukuxhumana okuvamile nekhompyutha. Kufanele atholakale ukuthi anqume ngezinyathelo ezengeziwe, futhi lokhu kuzokusizathola / uhlobo lwefolda-lukhululekilekuphi / ifolda - indawo lapho kuthathwa khona ukuskena.
Ngokwehlukile, ngingathanda ukukhuluma kafushane ezinye izingxabano eziwusizo ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile ziba usizo kumsebenzisi:
-mount- ukuvinjelwa kuphela kwisistimu yefayela yamanje;-type f- bonisa amafayela kuphela;-uhlu d- khombisa kuphela amarekhodi;-nogroup,-souser- cinga amafayela angewona aphi iqembu noma angewona umsebenzisi;-version- thola inguqulo ye-Umbuso osetshenzisiwe.
Kulesi sifundazwe neqembu thola iphelele. Uma ufuna ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe amanye amathuluzi we-console ajwayelekile wezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-kernel ye-Linux, sikukwazisa ukuba ubheke izinto zethu ezihlukile kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Funda kabanzi: Imiyalo evame ukusetshenziswa emgodini weLinux
Ngemva kokufuna imininingwane edingekayo, ungenza noma yiziphi ezinye izenzo nazo, isibonelo, ukuhlela, ukususa noma ukutadisha okuqukethwe. Lokhu kuzosiza ezinye izinsizakalo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. "Isikhumbuzo". Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwazo zitholakala ngezansi.
Bheka futhi: Izibonelo zemiyalo ye-Linux grep / cat / ls
