Kuyadingeka ukuba usondele ekukhethweni komprosesa ophakathi kwikhompyutha onomthwalo omkhulu, kusukela Ikhwalithi ye-CPU ekhethiwe ngqo ithinta ukusebenza kwezinye izingxenye zekhompyutha.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhambisane namakhono we-PC yakho nedatha yemodeli yeprosesa oyifunayo. Uma unquma ukuhlanganisa ikhompyutha ngokwakho, kuqala okokuqala unqume kwiprosesa nebhodi le-motherboard. Kufanele kukhunjulwe, ukuze ugweme izindleko ezingadingekile, akuzona zonke amabhodi omama asekela ama-processor anamandla.
Ukwaziswa okudingeka ukwazi
Imakethe yanamuhla isilungele ukuhlinzeka ngamaprosesa asezingeni elibanzi - kusukela ku-CPU, eyenzelwe ukusebenza okuphansi, amadivayisi weselula kanye nokuphela nge-chips ephezulu yokusebenza ngezikhungo zedatha. Nazi ezinye amathiphu okuzokusiza ukhethe okulungile:
- Khetha umkhiqizi owethembayo. Namuhla, kunabathengisi ababili basekhaya kuphela abadayisi emakethe - i-Intel ne-AMD. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezinzuzo zazo ngamunye ichazwa ngezansi.
- Bheka hhayi kuphela imvamisa. Kukhona umbono wokuthi imvamisa yinto ebalulekile ekubhekeleni ukusebenza, kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Le pharamitha iphinde ithonywe kakhulu ngenani lezinhlamvu, ijubane lokufunda nokubhala ulwazi, inani lememori ye-cache.
- Ngaphambi kokuthenga iprosesa, thola ukuthi ngabe i-motherboard yakho iyayisekela.
- Ukuze uthole iprosesa enamandla uzodinga ukuthenga uhlelo lokupholisa. I-CPU nezinye izingxenye ezinamandla kakhulu, ziphakamisa izidingo zalesi simiso.
- Qaphela ukuthi ungakanani ngaphezu kwe-clock the processor. Njengomthetho, amaprosesa angabizi, okuqala lapho angabheki ukusebenza okuhle, angaphindwa ngokweqile kuze kube sezingeni le-CPU yeklasi ye-premium.
Bheka futhi:
Ungadlula kanjani i-Intel pro processor
Ungadlula kanjani i-processor ye-AMD
Ngemuva kokuthenga iphrosesa, ungakhohlwa ukufaka unamathisela oshisayo kuwo - lokhu kuyimfuneko evunyelwe. Kunconywa ukuthi ungagcini kule nto futhi ngokushesha uthenge ukunamathisela okujwayelekile okuzohlala isikhathi eside.
Isifundo: indlela yokusebenzisa amafutha okushisa
Ukukhetha umkhiqizi
Kunezinkampani ezimbili kuphela - i-Intel ne-AMD. Bobabili bakhiqiza amaphrosesa ama-PC aqoshiwe nama-laptops, noma kunjalo, kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo.
Mayelana ne-Intel
I-Intel inikeza amaprosesa anamandla futhi anokwethenjelwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inani labo liphakeme kakhulu emakethe. Ukukhiqizwa kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje, okugcina ohlelweni lokupholisa. I-Intel CPUs ayidluli kakhulu, ngakho-ke amamodeli aphezulu kuphela adinga isimiso esihle sokupholisa. Ake sibheke izinzuzo ze-Intel Processors:
- Ukunikezwa kwemithombo enhle kakhulu. Ukusebenza ohlelweni olujulile lwemithombo luphakeme (ngaphandle kokuthi olunye uhlelo olunezidingo ezifanayo ze-CPU alisekho ukusebenza), kusukela Wonke amandla eprosesa adluliselwa kuwo.
- Ngezinye imidlalo zanamuhla, imikhiqizo ye-Intel isebenza kangcono.
- Ukuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe ne-RAM, okusheshisa yonke uhlelo.
- Kubanikazi be-laptop batuswa ukuba bakhethe lo menzi, kusukela ama-processors ayo asebenzisa amandla angaphansi, ahlangene futhi awashisi kakhulu.
- Izinhlelo eziningi zithuthukisiwe ukusebenza ne-Intel.
Umthengi:
- Ukucubungula iziqu lapho kusebenza nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kushiya okuningi okufisa ukufunwa.
- Kukhona "ukukhokhelwa ngaphezulu kwegama."
- Uma udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-CPU ngenye entsha, kungenzeka ukuthi kuzodingeka ushintshe ezinye izingxenye kukhompyutha (isibonelo, ibhodi le-motherboard), kusukela Ama-CPU "aluhlaza" angeke ahambisane nezinye izingxenye ezindala.
- Izinketho ezincane ezingaphezu kwezingqayizivele uma kuqhathaniswa nabompikiswano.
Mayelana ne-AMD
Lona omunye umenzi weprosesa, ophethe ingxenye efanayo yemakethe njenge-Intel. Ikakhulukazi igxile kwisabelomali kanye nengxenye yesabelomali, kodwa futhi ikhiqiza amamodeli wokucubungula phezulu. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalesi sakhi:
- Inani lemali. "I-overpay ye-brand" esimweni se-AMD ngeke kudingeke.
- Amathuba amaningi okuthuthukiswa kokusebenza. Ungaphinda uvale iprosesa ku-20% wamandla okuqala, futhi ulungise i-voltage.
- Imikhiqizo ye-AMD isebenza kahle kwimodi ye-multitasking, uma kuqhathaniswa nabalingani be-Intel.
- Imikhiqizo ye-Multiplatform. I-protocol ye-AMD izosebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga nanoma iyiphi i-motherboard, i-RAM, ikhadi levidyo.
Kodwa imikhiqizo evela kulo mkhiqizi nayo inezinselelo zayo:
- I-AMD CPU ayinokwethenjelwa kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Intel. Izimbungulu ezivamile, ikakhulukazi uma iprosesa iminyaka eminingana.
- Amaprosesa ase-AMD (amamodeli anamandla kakhulu noma amamodeli ayedlula umsebenzisi) atshisa kakhulu, ngakho kufanele ucabange ukuthenga uhlelo oluhle lokupholisa.
- Uma une-adapter eyakhelwe ngaphakathi e-Intel, bese ulungele izinkinga zokuhambisana.
Kubaluleke kangakanani ukuvama nenombolo yamakhoreshi
Kukhona umbono wokuthi ama-cores amaningi nama-frequencies ama-processor ayenayo, isistimu engcono futhi esheshayo isebenza. Lesi sitatimende siyiqiniso kuphela, kusukela Uma une-processor eyinhloko engu-8 efakwe, kodwa ngokubambisana ne-HDD disk, ukusebenza kuzobonakala kuphela ezinhlelweni ezifunayo (futhi akulona iqiniso).
Kumsebenzi wekhompiyutha ojwayelekile kanye nemidlalo emasethini aphakathi nendawo aphansi, i-proxy core 2-4 iyoba ngokwanele ngokuhlanganyela ne-SSD enhle. Isixha esinjalo siyokujabulela ngejubane kuziphequluli, ezincwadini ze-office, nge-ihluzo elula nokucubungulwa kwamavidiyo. Uma le phakheji ihlanganisa, esikhundleni se-CPU evamile yamakhilogremu angu-2-4, insimbi enamandla ene-8, khona-ke ukusebenza okuhle kuyofezwa emidlalweni enzima ngisho nasezimpilweni ze-ultra (nakuba okuningi kuzoxhomeka ekhadini levidiyo).
Futhi, uma unenkinga phakathi kwama-processor amabili ngokusebenza okufanayo, kodwa onobuhle obuhlukile, kuzodingeka ubuyekeze imiphumela yezivivinyo ezihlukahlukene. Ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-CPUs zanamuhla, zingatholakala kalula kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi.
Yini engalindelwa ku-CPU ngezigaba ezahlukene zamanani
Isimo ngamanani okwamanje njengalokhu:
- Amaprosesa ashibhile emakethe anikezwa yi-AMD kuphela. Kungenzeka ukuthi kufanelekile ukusebenza ezindaweni zokusebenza ezilula, ukufaka inetha nemidlalo efana ne "Solitaire". Nokho, okuningi kulokhu kuzoxhomeka ekuqalisweni kwe-PC. Isibonelo, uma une-RAM encane, i-HDD ebuthakathaka futhi kungekho khadi legrafu, awukwazi ukuthembela ekusebenzeni okulungile kwesistimu.
- Abacubungula besigaba samanani esilinganiso. Lapha usuvele ubona onobuhle obuhle obuvela ku-AMD namamodeli ngokukhiqiza okujwayelekile kusuka ku-Intel. Ngaphambili, uhlelo lokuphefumula oluthembekile luyadingeka nakanjani, izindleko zazo zingahle zihlehlise inzuzo yamanani aphansi. Esikhathini sesibili, ukusebenza kuzoba okuphansi, kodwa iprosesa izobe igxilile kakhulu. Okuningi, futhi, kuncike kokucushwa kwe-PC noma i-laptop.
- Abacubungula bekhwalithi ephezulu besigaba samanani aphezulu. Kulokhu, izici zemikhiqizo evela kuma-AMD naku-Intel cishe angalingana.
Mayelana nesistimu yokupholisa
Amanye ama-processors anganikezwa uhlelo lokupholisa esimisweni, okuthiwa. "Ibhokisi". Akunconywa ukuthi ushintshe uhlelo "lwendabuko" ku-analogue evela kwenye umenzi, ngisho noma lenza umsebenzi walo kangcono. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinhlelo ze-"boxed" zithuthukiswa kangcono kumprosesa wazo futhi azidingi ukulungiswa okungathí sina.
Uma izinhlamvu ze-CPU zishisa kakhulu, kungcono ukufaka uhlelo lokupholisa oluthe xaxa kulowo okhona. Kuyoba eshibhile, futhi ingozi yomonakalo iyoba yilapho ephansi.
I-Intel's boxed cooling system ibuhlungu kakhulu kune-AMD, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba uqaphele ngokukhethekile ukungaphumeleli kwayo. Iziqeshana, ikakhulukazi ezenziwe ngepulasitiki, nazo zindlala kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela inkinga enjalo - uma iprosesa kanye ne-radiator ifakwe ebhodini elincane eliphansi, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yokuthi bayayiphonsa, kubangele kube yinto engasebenzi. Ngakho-ke, uma usaqhubeka ukhetha i-Intel, bese ukhetha amabhodi wamama-high quality kuphela. Kukhona futhi enye inkinga - ngokushisa okunamandla (iziqephu ezingaphezu kuka-100) kungancipha. Ngenhlanhla, izinga lokushisa elinjalo lemikhiqizo ye-Intel ayilula.
"Olubomvu" wenza isimiso sokupholisa kangcono ngezinsimbi zensimbi. Naphezu kwalokhu, isistimu isisindo esingaphansi komlingani wayo kusuka ku-Intel. Futhi, ukuklama kwama-radiators kukuvumela ukuba uzifake ebhodini lebhodi lebhodi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi ukuxhuma kwibhodi le-motherboard kuzoba kangcono kangcono, okuzoqeda amathuba okulimala ebhodini. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi abacubungula i-AMD bavutha kakhulu, ngakho-ke ama-radiators asezingeni eliphakeme kufanelekile.
Abacubungula be-hybrid nekhadi levidiyo elihlanganisiwe
Zombili izinkampani nazo zihilelekile ekukhululweni kwamaprosesa, lapho kunekhadi levidiyo elakhelwe ngaphakathi (APU). Yiqiniso, ukusebenza kwalokhu okuphansi kuncane kakhulu futhi kwanele nje ukwenza imisebenzi elula yansuku zonke - sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-office, ukuvula i-intanethi, ukubukela amavidiyo nokudlala imidlalo engahlehliswayo. Yiqiniso, kunezinhlelo zokucubungula ze-APU ezisezingeni eliphezulu emakethe, izinsiza zabo ezanele ngokwanele emsebenzini wezobuchwepheshe abahleli be-graphic, ukucubungula kwevidiyo elula nokuqaliswa kwemidlalo yanamuhla ngezilungiselelo ezincane.
Ama-CPU anjalo ayabiza futhi ashisa kakhulu ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa nabangane bawo abavamile. Kubuye kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi esimweni sekhadi levidiyo elakhelwe ngaphakathi, akuyona imemori yevidiyo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, kodwa inhlobo yokusebenza i-DDR3 noma i-DDR4. Kulokhu kulandela ukuthi ukusebenza kuyoxhomeka ngqo kwi-RAM. Kodwa noma ngabe i-PC yakho ifakwe nge-GB yezinombolo ezingu-12 ze-DDR4 RAM (uhlobo olusheshayo lwangamuhla), ikhadi elizakhelwe alikwazi ukuqhathaniswa nokusebenza nge-adapter yehluzo, ngisho nasesigaba samanani esilinganiso.
Into ukuthi imemori yevidiyo (ngisho noma i-GB eyodwa kuphela) isheshe kakhulu kunamakhompuyutha, kusukela Wakhuthaza ukusebenza ngehluzo.
Nokho, i-APU-processor ngokubambisana nekhadi levidiyo elibiza kakhulu, liyakwazi ukujabulisa ngokusebenza okuphezulu emidlalweni yanamuhla ngezilungiselelo eziphansi noma eziphakathi. Kodwa kulokhu kufanelekile ukucabanga ngesistimu yokupholisa (ikakhulu uma i-processor kanye / noma i-adapter ihluzo ivela ku-AMD), kusukela Izisetshenziswa ze-radiator ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezingenakwenzeka angeke zanele. Kungcono ukuhlola umsebenzi futhi, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, inqume ukuthi uhlelo lokupholisa lwamazwe "luvela kahle" noma lungenze kahle.
Abanikezeli be-APU abangcono? Kuze kube yamuva, i-AMD yayiyisiholi kule ngxenye, kodwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule isimo siyashintsha futhi imikhiqizo ye-AMD ne-Intel kusukela kule ngxenye iye yalingana ngokulingana nomthamo. "Okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" okuzama ukuthatha ukwethenjwa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, isilinganiso senani-ukusebenza sinenkinga encane. Kusukela "obomvu" ungathola i-APU-proproducer ekhiqizayo ngenani eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa abasebenzisi abaningi bathola ama-APU-chips aphansi aphuma kulo mkhiqizi ongathembeki.
Abacubungula abahlanganisiwe
Ukuthenga i-motherboard, lapho iprosesa isivele isetshenziselwa khona kanye nesistimu yokupholisa, kusiza umthengi ukuba asuse zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga zokuhambisana futhi ugcine isikhathi, ngoba konke okudingayo kakade kwakhiwe ngaphakathi kwebhodi le-motherboard. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sixazululo asithinti umthethosivivinywa.
Kodwa inezinselelo zayo ezibalulekile:
- Ayikho indawo yokuthuthukisa. Iprosesa, edayiswayo ku-motherboard, izokwenzeka ngokushesha noma kamuva, kodwa ukuze uyibuyisele kuyodingeka ushintshe ngokuphelele i-motherboard.
- Amandla weprosesa ahlanganiswe ku-motherboard ashiya okuningi okudingekayo, ngakho ukudlala imidlalo yanamuhla ngisho nasezilungiselelweni ezincane ngeke kusebenze. Kodwa lesi sixazululo cishe asikho umsindo futhi sithatha isikhala esincane kakhulu ku-unit unit.
- Lawa mabhodi womama akanayo ama-slots amaningi we-RAM ne-HDD / SSD.
- Uma kwenzeka noma yimuphi umonakalo omncane, ikhompyutha kuzodingeka ilungiswe noma (ngaphezulu) ithathelwe ngokuphelele yi-motherboard.
Amaprosesa amaningi athandwayo
Abasebenzi abahle kunazo zonke:
- Abacwaningi be-Intel Celeron line (G3900, G3930, G1820, G1840) yi-CPU ebhajethi kakhulu evela ku-Intel. Unayo i-adapter eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Kuzoba namandla okwenziwe kwansuku zonke ekusebenziseni izinhlelo zokusebenza nemidlalo.
- Intel i3-7100, i-Intel Pentium G4600 - ama-CPU aphansi kakhulu futhi anamandla kakhulu. Kukhona ukuhlukahluka noma ngaphandle kwe-adapter ehlanganisiwe yehluzo. Kufanele imisebenzi yemisebenzi yansuku zonke nemidlalo yanamuhla ezisezingeni eliphansi. Futhi, amandla abo azokwenzela umsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe ngehluzo nokucubungula kwevidiyo elula.
- I-AMD A4-5300 ne-A4-6300 ziphakathi kwamaphrosesa ashibhile emakethe. Yiqiniso, ukusebenza kwabo kushiya okuningi okudingekayo, kodwa "evamile" yokunyathelisa kuwanele.
- I-AMD Athlon X4 840 ne-X4 860K - Idatha ye-CPU inezinhlamvu ezingu-4, kodwa ayinayo ikhamera yevidiyo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke, futhi uma banekhadi eliphakeme levidiyo, bangakwazi ukubhekana nezanamuhla ezilungiselelweni eziphakathi nendawo eziphezulu.
Abacubungula besigaba sesilinganiso samanani:
- I-Intel Core i5-7500 kanye ne-i5-4460 yizinhlelo ezinhle ezine-core, ezivame ukuhlonywa ngamakhompiyutha adlala kakhulu kunawo wonke. Abanayo i-chipset ye-ihluzo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke ungadlala ngezinga eliphansi noma eliphakeme kunoma imuphi umdlalo omusha kuphela uma unekhadi levidiyo elihle.
- I-AMD FX-8320 - i-CPU eyisisekelo engu-8, ehlangabezana nemidlalo yanamuhla nemisebenzi enzima njenge-video editing kanye ne-3D-modeling. Ngokusho izici ezifana nesiprosesa sokuphela, kodwa kunezinkinga zokushisa okuphezulu.
Amaprosesa aphezulu:
- I-Intel Core i7-7700K ne-i7-4790K yisisombululo esihle kakhulu sekhompyutheni yokudlala kanye nalabo ababandakanyeka ngokuzikhandla ekuhlelweni kwevidiyo kanye / noma nge-3D modeling. Ukuze usebenze ngokufanele, udinga ikhadi levidiyo lezinga elifanele.
- I-AMD FX-9590 - iprosesa enamandla kakhulu kusukela "ebomvu". Uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli yangaphambilini evela ku-Intel, iphansi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo emidlalweni, kodwa kuwo wonke amandla alinganayo, kanti intengo iyancipha kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, le prosesa iyashisa kakhulu.
- I-Intel Core i7-6950X iyinqubo enamandla kunazo zonke futhi ebiza kakhulu kuma-PC ekhaya.
Ngokusekelwe kulolu datha, kanye nezidingo zakho namakhono akho, uzokwazi ukukhetha iprosesa efanelekile kuwe.
Uma wakhe ikhompyutha ekuqaleni, kungcono ukuqala ukuthenga iprosesa, bese kuthi ezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile - ikhadi lebhodi lebhodi le-motherboard.
