Linux

Ukufaka izinhlelo ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Ubuntu kwenziwa ngokukhipha okuqukethwe kwephakheji ye-DEB noma ngokulanda amafayela adingekayo kusuka kubhaliso olusemthethweni noma lomsebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isofthiwe ayinikezwa kuleli fomu futhi ligcinwa kuphela kwifomethi ye-RPM. Okulandelayo, singathanda ukukhuluma ngendlela yokufaka amareyibrari alolu hlobo.

Manje amakhompyutha amaningi anamuhla asebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows oluvela ku-Microsoft. Noma kunjalo, ukwabiwa okubhalwe kwi-kernel ye-Linux kuguquke kakhulu kakhulu, zimele, zivikeleke kakhulu kubangaphakathi, futhi zizinzile. Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye abasebenzisi abakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-OS yokuyibeka kuyi-PC yakho futhi ayisebenzise ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukudluliswa kwevidiyo, ukulalelwayo nokubukwa kokuqukethwe okuhlukahlukene kwe-multimedia, kubandakanya imidlalo, kusiphequluli kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-add-on ebizwa nge-Adobe Flash Player. Ngokuvamile, abasebenzisi balanda futhi bafaka le plugin kusuka kusayithi elisemthethweni, noma kunjalo, muva nje unjiniyela akanikeli izixhumanisi zokulanda kubanikazi bezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Linux kernel.

Kukhona abaningi abahleli bamathekisthi abakhelwe ngokuqondile i-platform ye-Linux, kodwa okuwusizo kunazo zonke ezikhona ezikhona okuthiwa yizindawo ezihlanganisiwe zentuthuko. Asetshenziswanga kuphela ukudala amadokhumenti wombhalo, kodwa futhi nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza. Okuphumelela kakhulu yizinhlelo ezingu-10 ezizovela kulokhu kulesi sihloko.

Ngezinye izikhathi abasebenzisi babhekene nesidingo sokufuna ulwazi oluthile kunoma yimaphi amafayela. Ngokuvamile, amadokhumenti okucushwa noma enye idatha ye-volumetric iqukethe inamba enkulu yemigqa, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthola ngesandla ukuthola idatha edingekayo. Khona-ke enye yemiyalo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kuhlelo lwe-Linux isebenza ekusizeni, okuzokuvumela ukuba uthole imigqa embalwa imizuzwana.

Lesi sihloko sizoqukatha umhlahlandlela ongathuthukisa i-Debian 8 OS ku-version 9. Kuzohlukaniswa ngamaphuzu amaningana, okumele kwenziwe njalo. Futhi, ukuze kube lula, uzokwethula ngemiyalo eyisisekelo yokwenza zonke izenzo ezichazwe.

Abanye abasebenzisi banesithakazelo ekwakheni inethiwekhi yangasese yangasese phakathi kwama-computer amabili. Inikeza lo msebenzi ngosizo lwe-VPN ubuchwepheshe (Inethiwekhi Yobumfihlo Ye-Virtual). Ukuxhumeka kuqaliswa ngamasevisi nezinhlelo ezivulekile noma ezivaliwe. Ngemva kokufaka ngempumelelo nokucushwa kwazo zonke izingxenye, inqubo ingacatshangwa iphelele, nokuxhumeka - kuphephile.

Iphakheji yesofthiwe okuthiwa i-LAMP ihlanganisa i-OS ku-kernel ye-Linux, iseva yewebhu ye-Apache, i-MySQL database, kanye ne-PHP izingxenye ezisetshenziselwa injini yesayithi. Okulandelayo, sichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukufakwa nokucushwa kokuqala kwalezi zengezo, ukuthatha inguqulo yakamuva ye-Ubuntu njengesibonelo. Ukufaka i-LAMP suite yezinhlelo ku-Ubuntu Njengoba isimo salesi sihloko sesivele sisho ukuthi ufake i-Ubuntu kukhompyutheni yakho, sizokweqa lesi sinyathelo bese siya ngqo kwezinye izinhlelo, kodwa ungathola imiyalelo ngesihloko esikuthandayo, ngokufunda amanye ama-athikili izixhumanisi.

Abasebenzisi abaningi bahlangabezana nezinkinga lapho bezama ukusungula uxhumano lwe-intanethi ku-Ubuntu. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungenxa yokungakwazi, kodwa kungase kube nezinye izizathu. Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka imiyalelo yokwakha izinhlobo eziningana zokuxhumana ngokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwazo zonke izinkinga ezingenzeka ekusebenzeni kokusebenza.

Ukuhluka kwezemvelo ku-Linux systems based based systems kuyinhlobonhlobo equkethe ulwazi lombhalo olusetshenziswa ezinye izinhlelo ngesikhathi sokuqalisa. Ngokuvamile zifaka imingcele yezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zombili i-graphical ne-shell shell, idatha ezilungiselelweni zomsebenzisi, indawo yamafayela athile, nokuningi okuningi.

Abathuthukisi bezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu bangase babe nobunzima bokufaka ulimi lwe-PHP script ku-Ubuntu Server. Lokhu kungenxa yezici eziningi. Kodwa usebenzisa lo mhlahlandlela, wonke umuntu angazigwema amaphutha ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ukufaka i-PHP ku-Ubuntu Server Ukufaka ulimi lwe-PHP ku-Ubuntu Server kungenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene - konke kuxhomeke kunguqulo yayo kanye nenqubo yesistimu yokusebenza uqobo.

Ukuba ne-OS ephelele kwinduku ye-USB kulula kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho konke, kungenziwa ukugijima ukusuka ku-flash drive kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha noma i-laptop. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Live Live kumithombo ekhishwayo kungasiza ekuvuseleleni iWindows. Ukuba khona kwesistimu yokusebenza kwi-flash-drive ikuvumela ukuba usebenze kukhompyutha ngisho ngaphandle kwediski enzima.

Ngesinye isikhathi, abanye abasebenzisa i-intanethi abakhuthele babhekene nesidingo sokwakha uxhumano oluvikelekile, olubhalwe ngokufihla, olungaziwa, ngokuvamile ngokufaka esikhundleni sokuphoqelelwa kwekheli le-IP elinombono othile wezwe. Ubuchwepheshe obubizwa nge-VPN kusiza ekusetshenzisweni komsebenzi onjalo. Umsebenzisi udinga kuphela ukufaka zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo ku-PC bese wenza uxhumano.

Ngenkathi isebenza kunoma iyiphi uhlelo lokusebenza, ngezinye izikhathi kunesidingo sokusebenzisa amathuluzi ukuze uthole ngokushesha ifayela elithile. Lokhu kubuye kusetshenziswe ku-Linux, ngakho ngezansi kuzocatshangwa zonke izindlela zokusesha amafayela kule OS. Kokubili amathuluzi wemenenja yefayela kanye nemilayezo esetshenziselwa i-Terminal izonikezwa.

Noma yiluphi uhlelo oluxhumana nomunye nge-intanethi noma ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo. Amapayipi akhethekile asetshenziselwa lokhu, ngokuvamile izivumelwano ze-TCP ne-UDP. Ungathola ukuthi yiziphi izikebhe ezitholakalayo okwamanje ezisetshenzisiwe, okungukuthi, zibhekwa zivulekile, ngosizo lwamathuluzi atholakalayo ohlelweni lokusebenza.

I-protocol ye-SSH isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ukuxhumeka okuphephile kwikhompyutha, evumela ukulawula okukude hhayi kuphela nge-shell system yokusebenza, kodwa futhi ngesiteshi sokubethela. Ngezinye izikhathi, abasebenzisi besistimu yokusebenza ye-Ubuntu kudingeka bafake iseva ye-SSH kwi-PC yabo nganoma iyiphi injongo.

Ngezinye izikhathi umsebenzisi udinga ukulandelela uhlu lwezinqubo ezisebenzayo ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Linux futhi athole ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngalowo nalowo noma ngalunye oluqondile. Ku-OS, kunezindlela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezikuvumela ukuba ufeze umsebenzi ngaphandle komzamo. Ithuluzi ngalinye elinjalo liqondiswa ngaphansi komsebenzisi walo futhi livula amathuba ahlukile kulo.

Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Ubuntu Server alinalo isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo, abasebenzisi bahlangabezana nobunzima lapho bezama ukusetha uxhumano lwe-intanethi. Lesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yimiphi imiyalo okudingeka uyisebenzise nokuthi yiziphi amafayela okufanele uzilungise ukuze ufeze umphumela oyifunayo.

Kunezimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuthola abasebenzisi abhalisiwe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Linux. Lokhu kungadingeka ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi kukhona abasebenzisi abengeziwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umsebenzisi othize udinga noma iqembu lonke lidinga ukushintsha idatha yabo. Bheka futhi: Indlela yokwengeza abasebenzisi kwiqoqo le-Linux Izindlela zokuhlola uhlu lwabasebenzisi Abantu abasebenzisa lolu hlelo bangasebenzisa lokhu ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi abaqalayo kuyinkinga kakhulu.

Yiqiniso, ukunikezwa kwesistimu yokusebenza kwi-kernel ye-Linux ngokuvamile kunesibonisi esibonakalayo esivela ngaphakathi nesiphathimandla sefayela esikuvumela ukuba usebenze nezinkomba kanye nezinto eziqondene nawe. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthola okuqukethwe kwifolda ethize nge-console eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.